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Genetic and Phenomic Dissection of Chloride Exclusion and Rooting Ability in Grapevines
Genetic and Phenomic Dissection of Chloride Exclusion and Rooting Ability in Grapevines
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103612
- ISBN
- 9798290614274
- DDC
- 635
- 서명/저자
- Genetic and Phenomic Dissection of Chloride Exclusion and Rooting Ability in Grapevines
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Davis, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 161 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Diaz Garcia, Luis.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Grapevine rootstock improvement through breeding is a slow and complex process due to long generation times, vegetative propagation, and the perennial nature of the crop. Two major challenges in grapevine cultivation, rooting ability and salt tolerance, are critical for nursery success and vineyard sustainability, especially in the face of climate change and increasing soil salinity. This dissertation aims to accelerate the development of improved grapevine rootstocks by integrating high-throughput phenotyping and advanced genetic tools to dissect and predict variation in chloride exclusion and adventitious rooting across a diverse panel of Vitis species and hybrids.In Chapter 1, I developed and validated a non-destructive hyperspectral sensing method to estimate leaf chloride content. Using two spectral sensors (SVC HR-1024i and Innospectra NIR-S-G1) and multiple machine learning algorithms, I achieved classification accuracies as high as 97% when distinguishing known chloride excluder and non-excluder genotypes under controlled saline conditions. The approach was further tested in diverse populations to assess its generalizability. This work demonstrates the potential of reflectance-based models as scalable tools for screening salt tolerance in breeding programs, offering both precision and efficiency.Chapter 2 investigates the genetic architecture of chloride exclusion, beginning with a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using over 2 million SNP markers in a diversity panel of 335 accessions representing 18 Vitis species. This analysis identified two major QTLs: one previously known locus on chromosome 8, overlapping with a cluster of cation/H⁺ exchanger (CHX) genes, and a novel, robust QTL on chromosome 19, harboring several G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinases, highlighting potential new mechanisms of ion homeostasis and signaling under salt stress. To validate these findings, I conducted linkage mapping in a biparental population derived from two contrasting parents, one of which was V. acerifolia longii 9018, a genotype identified in Chapter 1 as having strong chloride exclusion capacity. This cross confirmed the large-effect QTL on chromosome 8, supporting its role as a key locus for salt exclusion. These results, combined with high heritability estimates and consistent associations across greenhouse trials, reinforce the utility of this region for marker-assisted selection and its relevance in rootstock breeding for saline environments.Chapter 3 explores the genetic basis of adventitious root formation (ARF), a critical trait for the clonal propagation of grapevine rootstocks, using the same germplasm collection as in Chapter 2. Rooting traits were assessed at two developmental stages (callus-stage and post-transplant), along with final root biomass. The study revealed extensive inter- and intra-specific variation in rooting ability, with several underutilized wild species (e.g., V. californica, V. girdiana, and V. arizonica) outperforming traditional rootstock species like V. riparia, underscoring the breeding potential of underutilized germplasm. Using GWAS, I identified six significant QTLs: one for callus-stage rooting (on chromosome 2), four for post-transplant rooting (on chromosomes 1, 11, and 14), and two for root weight (on chromosomes 8 and 15). Candidate genes within these regions included regulators of auxin signaling (e.g., ILR1-like hydrolases, PIN transport modulators), stress-responsive kinases, and carbohydrate transporters-biologically plausible drivers of root induction, initiation, and development. Beyond mapping, this chapter is the first to implement genomic selection (GS) and phenomic selection (PS) for ARF traits in Vitis. Prediction models were built using spectral reflectance data and molecular markers, both individually and in combination. The integrated model (GS+PS) consistently outperformed single-source models across traits and years, with within-year prediction accuracies reaching 0.65 for post-transplant rooting. Interestingly, taxonomy-based prediction (using species identity as a proxy for genetic relatedness) also performed reasonably well, reflecting the phylogenetic structure of rooting ability.The findings of this dissertation provide a roadmap for integrating wild species into grapevine breeding programs and demonstrate the feasibility of using genomic data, low-cost phenotyping, and predictive tools to accelerate the selection of rootstocks with superior salinity tolerance and rooting performance, two traits that are essential for efficient plant production and for enhancing the resilience of viticulture in the face of environmental stresses.
- 일반주제명
- Horticulture
- 일반주제명
- Agronomy
- 일반주제명
- Genetics
- 키워드
- Rootstocks
- 키워드
- Soil salinity
- 기타저자
- University of California, Davis Horticulture and Agronomy
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798290614274
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32043534
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a635
■1001 ▼aSharma, Sadikshya.
■24510▼aGenetic and Phenomic Dissection of Chloride Exclusion and Rooting Ability in Grapevines
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Davis▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a161 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Diaz Garcia, Luis.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2025.
■520 ▼aGrapevine rootstock improvement through breeding is a slow and complex process due to long generation times, vegetative propagation, and the perennial nature of the crop. Two major challenges in grapevine cultivation, rooting ability and salt tolerance, are critical for nursery success and vineyard sustainability, especially in the face of climate change and increasing soil salinity. This dissertation aims to accelerate the development of improved grapevine rootstocks by integrating high-throughput phenotyping and advanced genetic tools to dissect and predict variation in chloride exclusion and adventitious rooting across a diverse panel of Vitis species and hybrids.In Chapter 1, I developed and validated a non-destructive hyperspectral sensing method to estimate leaf chloride content. Using two spectral sensors (SVC HR-1024i and Innospectra NIR-S-G1) and multiple machine learning algorithms, I achieved classification accuracies as high as 97% when distinguishing known chloride excluder and non-excluder genotypes under controlled saline conditions. The approach was further tested in diverse populations to assess its generalizability. This work demonstrates the potential of reflectance-based models as scalable tools for screening salt tolerance in breeding programs, offering both precision and efficiency.Chapter 2 investigates the genetic architecture of chloride exclusion, beginning with a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using over 2 million SNP markers in a diversity panel of 335 accessions representing 18 Vitis species. This analysis identified two major QTLs: one previously known locus on chromosome 8, overlapping with a cluster of cation/H⁺ exchanger (CHX) genes, and a novel, robust QTL on chromosome 19, harboring several G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinases, highlighting potential new mechanisms of ion homeostasis and signaling under salt stress. To validate these findings, I conducted linkage mapping in a biparental population derived from two contrasting parents, one of which was V. acerifolia longii 9018, a genotype identified in Chapter 1 as having strong chloride exclusion capacity. This cross confirmed the large-effect QTL on chromosome 8, supporting its role as a key locus for salt exclusion. These results, combined with high heritability estimates and consistent associations across greenhouse trials, reinforce the utility of this region for marker-assisted selection and its relevance in rootstock breeding for saline environments.Chapter 3 explores the genetic basis of adventitious root formation (ARF), a critical trait for the clonal propagation of grapevine rootstocks, using the same germplasm collection as in Chapter 2. Rooting traits were assessed at two developmental stages (callus-stage and post-transplant), along with final root biomass. The study revealed extensive inter- and intra-specific variation in rooting ability, with several underutilized wild species (e.g., V. californica, V. girdiana, and V. arizonica) outperforming traditional rootstock species like V. riparia, underscoring the breeding potential of underutilized germplasm. Using GWAS, I identified six significant QTLs: one for callus-stage rooting (on chromosome 2), four for post-transplant rooting (on chromosomes 1, 11, and 14), and two for root weight (on chromosomes 8 and 15). Candidate genes within these regions included regulators of auxin signaling (e.g., ILR1-like hydrolases, PIN transport modulators), stress-responsive kinases, and carbohydrate transporters-biologically plausible drivers of root induction, initiation, and development. Beyond mapping, this chapter is the first to implement genomic selection (GS) and phenomic selection (PS) for ARF traits in Vitis. Prediction models were built using spectral reflectance data and molecular markers, both individually and in combination. The integrated model (GS+PS) consistently outperformed single-source models across traits and years, with within-year prediction accuracies reaching 0.65 for post-transplant rooting. Interestingly, taxonomy-based prediction (using species identity as a proxy for genetic relatedness) also performed reasonably well, reflecting the phylogenetic structure of rooting ability.The findings of this dissertation provide a roadmap for integrating wild species into grapevine breeding programs and demonstrate the feasibility of using genomic data, low-cost phenotyping, and predictive tools to accelerate the selection of rootstocks with superior salinity tolerance and rooting performance, two traits that are essential for efficient plant production and for enhancing the resilience of viticulture in the face of environmental stresses.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0029.
■650 4▼aHorticulture
■650 4▼aAgronomy
■650 4▼aGenetics
■653 ▼aChloride exclusion
■653 ▼aGenomic prediction
■653 ▼aRootstocks
■653 ▼aSoil salinity
■690 ▼a0471
■690 ▼a0369
■690 ▼a0285
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Davis▼bHorticulture and Agronomy.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0029
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357878▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


