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Genetic and Phenomic Dissection of Chloride Exclusion and Rooting Ability in Grapevines
Genetic and Phenomic Dissection of Chloride Exclusion and Rooting Ability in Grapevines
Genetic and Phenomic Dissection of Chloride Exclusion and Rooting Ability in Grapevines

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103612
ISBN  
9798290614274
DDC  
635
저자명  
Sharma, Sadikshya.
서명/저자  
Genetic and Phenomic Dissection of Chloride Exclusion and Rooting Ability in Grapevines
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Davis, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
161 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Diaz Garcia, Luis.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Grapevine rootstock improvement through breeding is a slow and complex process due to long generation times, vegetative propagation, and the perennial nature of the crop. Two major challenges in grapevine cultivation, rooting ability and salt tolerance, are critical for nursery success and vineyard sustainability, especially in the face of climate change and increasing soil salinity. This dissertation aims to accelerate the development of improved grapevine rootstocks by integrating high-throughput phenotyping and advanced genetic tools to dissect and predict variation in chloride exclusion and adventitious rooting across a diverse panel of Vitis species and hybrids.In Chapter 1, I developed and validated a non-destructive hyperspectral sensing method to estimate leaf chloride content. Using two spectral sensors (SVC HR-1024i and Innospectra NIR-S-G1) and multiple machine learning algorithms, I achieved classification accuracies as high as 97% when distinguishing known chloride excluder and non-excluder genotypes under controlled saline conditions. The approach was further tested in diverse populations to assess its generalizability. This work demonstrates the potential of reflectance-based models as scalable tools for screening salt tolerance in breeding programs, offering both precision and efficiency.Chapter 2 investigates the genetic architecture of chloride exclusion, beginning with a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using over 2 million SNP markers in a diversity panel of 335 accessions representing 18 Vitis species. This analysis identified two major QTLs: one previously known locus on chromosome 8, overlapping with a cluster of cation/H⁺ exchanger (CHX) genes, and a novel, robust QTL on chromosome 19, harboring several G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinases, highlighting potential new mechanisms of ion homeostasis and signaling under salt stress. To validate these findings, I conducted linkage mapping in a biparental population derived from two contrasting parents, one of which was V. acerifolia longii 9018, a genotype identified in Chapter 1 as having strong chloride exclusion capacity. This cross confirmed the large-effect QTL on chromosome 8, supporting its role as a key locus for salt exclusion. These results, combined with high heritability estimates and consistent associations across greenhouse trials, reinforce the utility of this region for marker-assisted selection and its relevance in rootstock breeding for saline environments.Chapter 3 explores the genetic basis of adventitious root formation (ARF), a critical trait for the clonal propagation of grapevine rootstocks, using the same germplasm collection as in Chapter 2. Rooting traits were assessed at two developmental stages (callus-stage and post-transplant), along with final root biomass. The study revealed extensive inter- and intra-specific variation in rooting ability, with several underutilized wild species (e.g., V. californica, V. girdiana, and V. arizonica) outperforming traditional rootstock species like V. riparia, underscoring the breeding potential of underutilized germplasm. Using GWAS, I identified six significant QTLs: one for callus-stage rooting (on chromosome 2), four for post-transplant rooting (on chromosomes 1, 11, and 14), and two for root weight (on chromosomes 8 and 15). Candidate genes within these regions included regulators of auxin signaling (e.g., ILR1-like hydrolases, PIN transport modulators), stress-responsive kinases, and carbohydrate transporters-biologically plausible drivers of root induction, initiation, and development. Beyond mapping, this chapter is the first to implement genomic selection (GS) and phenomic selection (PS) for ARF traits in Vitis. Prediction models were built using spectral reflectance data and molecular markers, both individually and in combination. The integrated model (GS+PS) consistently outperformed single-source models across traits and years, with within-year prediction accuracies reaching 0.65 for post-transplant rooting. Interestingly, taxonomy-based prediction (using species identity as a proxy for genetic relatedness) also performed reasonably well, reflecting the phylogenetic structure of rooting ability.The findings of this dissertation provide a roadmap for integrating wild species into grapevine breeding programs and demonstrate the feasibility of using genomic data, low-cost phenotyping, and predictive tools to accelerate the selection of rootstocks with superior salinity tolerance and rooting performance, two traits that are essential for efficient plant production and for enhancing the resilience of viticulture in the face of environmental stresses.
일반주제명  
Horticulture
일반주제명  
Agronomy
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
Chloride exclusion
키워드  
Genomic prediction
키워드  
Rootstocks
키워드  
Soil salinity
기타저자  
University of California, Davis Horticulture and Agronomy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aSharma,  Sadikshya.
■24510▼aGenetic  and  Phenomic  Dissection  of  Chloride  Exclusion  and  Rooting  Ability  in  Grapevines
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Davis▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a161  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Diaz  Garcia,  Luis.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Davis,  2025.
■520    ▼aGrapevine  rootstock  improvement  through  breeding  is  a  slow  and  complex  process  due  to  long  generation  times,  vegetative  propagation,  and  the  perennial  nature  of  the  crop.  Two  major  challenges  in  grapevine  cultivation,  rooting  ability  and  salt  tolerance,  are  critical  for  nursery  success  and  vineyard  sustainability,  especially  in  the  face  of  climate  change  and  increasing  soil  salinity.  This  dissertation  aims  to  accelerate  the  development  of  improved  grapevine  rootstocks  by  integrating  high-throughput  phenotyping  and  advanced  genetic  tools  to  dissect  and  predict  variation  in  chloride  exclusion  and  adventitious  rooting  across  a  diverse  panel  of  Vitis  species  and  hybrids.In  Chapter  1,  I  developed  and  validated  a  non-destructive  hyperspectral  sensing  method  to  estimate  leaf  chloride  content.  Using  two  spectral  sensors  (SVC  HR-1024i  and  Innospectra  NIR-S-G1)  and  multiple  machine  learning  algorithms,  I  achieved  classification  accuracies  as  high  as  97%  when  distinguishing  known  chloride  excluder  and  non-excluder  genotypes  under  controlled  saline  conditions.  The  approach  was  further  tested  in  diverse  populations  to  assess  its  generalizability.  This  work  demonstrates  the  potential  of  reflectance-based  models  as  scalable  tools  for  screening  salt  tolerance  in  breeding  programs,  offering  both  precision  and  efficiency.Chapter  2  investigates  the  genetic  architecture  of  chloride  exclusion,  beginning  with  a  genome-wide  association  study  (GWAS)  using  over  2  million  SNP  markers  in  a  diversity  panel  of  335  accessions  representing  18  Vitis  species.  This  analysis  identified  two  major  QTLs:  one  previously  known  locus  on  chromosome  8,  overlapping  with  a  cluster  of  cation/H⁺  exchanger  (CHX)  genes,  and  a  novel,  robust  QTL  on  chromosome  19,  harboring  several  G-type  lectin  S-receptor-like  serine/threonine-protein  kinases,  highlighting  potential  new  mechanisms  of  ion  homeostasis  and  signaling  under  salt  stress.  To  validate  these  findings,  I  conducted  linkage  mapping  in  a  biparental  population  derived  from  two  contrasting  parents,  one  of  which  was  V.  acerifolia  longii  9018,  a  genotype  identified  in  Chapter  1  as  having  strong  chloride  exclusion  capacity.  This  cross  confirmed  the  large-effect  QTL  on  chromosome  8,  supporting  its  role  as  a  key  locus  for  salt  exclusion.  These  results,  combined  with  high  heritability  estimates  and  consistent  associations  across  greenhouse  trials,  reinforce  the  utility  of  this  region  for  marker-assisted  selection  and  its  relevance  in  rootstock  breeding  for  saline  environments.Chapter  3  explores  the  genetic  basis  of  adventitious  root  formation  (ARF),  a  critical  trait  for  the  clonal  propagation  of  grapevine  rootstocks,  using  the  same  germplasm  collection  as  in  Chapter  2.  Rooting  traits  were  assessed  at  two  developmental  stages  (callus-stage  and  post-transplant),  along  with  final  root  biomass.  The  study  revealed  extensive  inter-  and  intra-specific  variation  in  rooting  ability,  with  several  underutilized  wild  species  (e.g.,  V.  californica,  V.  girdiana,  and  V.  arizonica)  outperforming  traditional  rootstock  species  like  V.  riparia,  underscoring  the  breeding  potential  of  underutilized  germplasm.  Using  GWAS,  I  identified  six  significant  QTLs:  one  for  callus-stage  rooting  (on  chromosome  2),  four  for  post-transplant  rooting  (on  chromosomes  1,  11,  and  14),  and  two  for  root  weight  (on  chromosomes  8  and  15).  Candidate  genes  within  these  regions  included  regulators  of  auxin  signaling  (e.g.,  ILR1-like  hydrolases,  PIN  transport  modulators),  stress-responsive  kinases,  and  carbohydrate  transporters-biologically  plausible  drivers  of  root  induction,  initiation,  and  development.  Beyond  mapping,  this  chapter  is  the  first  to  implement  genomic  selection  (GS)  and  phenomic  selection  (PS)  for  ARF  traits  in  Vitis.  Prediction  models  were  built  using  spectral  reflectance  data  and  molecular  markers,  both  individually  and  in  combination.  The  integrated  model  (GS+PS)  consistently  outperformed  single-source  models  across  traits  and  years,  with  within-year  prediction  accuracies  reaching  0.65  for  post-transplant  rooting.  Interestingly,  taxonomy-based  prediction  (using  species  identity  as  a  proxy  for  genetic  relatedness)  also  performed  reasonably  well,  reflecting  the  phylogenetic  structure  of  rooting  ability.The  findings  of  this  dissertation  provide  a  roadmap  for  integrating  wild  species  into  grapevine  breeding  programs  and  demonstrate  the  feasibility  of  using  genomic  data,  low-cost  phenotyping,  and  predictive  tools  to  accelerate  the  selection  of  rootstocks  with  superior  salinity  tolerance  and  rooting  performance,  two  traits  that  are  essential  for  efficient  plant  production  and  for  enhancing  the  resilience  of  viticulture  in  the  face  of  environmental  stresses.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0029.
■650  4▼aHorticulture
■650  4▼aAgronomy
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aChloride  exclusion
■653    ▼aGenomic  prediction
■653    ▼aRootstocks
■653    ▼aSoil  salinity
■690    ▼a0471
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0285
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Davis▼bHorticulture  and  Agronomy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0029
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357878▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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