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A Poly(UG) RNA Modifying Complex Mediates Viral Immunity in C. elegans
A Poly(UG) RNA Modifying Complex Mediates Viral Immunity in C. elegans
A Poly(UG) RNA Modifying Complex Mediates Viral Immunity in C. elegans

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103704
ISBN  
9798265408563
DDC  
575
저자명  
Lowe, David Daesung.
서명/저자  
A Poly(UG) RNA Modifying Complex Mediates Viral Immunity in C. elegans
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
213 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kennedy, Scott.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약RNA interference (RNAi) is a major component of innate immune systems in many eukaryotes, including C. elegans. During RNAi in C. elegans, dsRNA triggers the production of small RNAs via the nucleotidyltransferase RDE-3 which modifies the 3' termini of mRNAs with polyUG (pUG) tails to generate RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP) templates to drive gene silencing. During normal growth and development, RDE-3 pUGylates transposon RNAs to silence transposons and protect genomic integrity. How C. elegans identifies specific RNAs for pUGylation and whether the pUGylation system has tissue-specific functions is not known. In Chapter 2, I show that RNA pUGylation contributes to antiviral immunity in the soma of C. elegans. I present evidence that RDE-8, NYN-1/2, MUT-15, and the pUGylase RDE-3 form an RNA modifying complex that we term the pUGasome. During infection of C. elegans with Orsay virus, the pUGasome adds pUG tails to viral RNAs which convert these RNAs into RdRP templates for antiviral siRNA production, limiting viral replication. The data show that pUGylation contributes to antiviral immunity in C. elegans and suggest that RDE-3 is part of a four-protein complex, which provides molecular insights into how C. elegans identifies and neutralizes its internal and external parasitic threats in the soma. In Chapter 3, I show that piRNAs are necessary and sufficient for the production of the majority of endogenous pUG RNAs in C. elegans germ cells. Interestingly, piRNA-initiated pUG RNAs often possess short non-templated oligoA tails preceding their pUG tails, which I termed oligoA::pUG tails. I present evidence that the oligoA::pUG tailed RNAs are likely generated via piRNA-directed CCR4/NOT-based deadenylation of mRNAs followed by RDE-3-based pUGylation, suggesting that piRNA-directed mRNA deadenylation, which has been described previously in mice and flies, is conserved in C. elegans. Finally, in the appendix of the dissertation, I describe the discovery of another class of pUG RNA, termed the U(pUG) RNAs, which are produced during Orsay virus infection as the result of sequential terminal uridylation and then terminal pUGylation of full-length viral RNAs. In summary, the dissertation provides novel insights into mechanisms of tissue-specific RNA pUGylation, which protect C. elegans from internal and external nucleic acid parasites.
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
일반주제명  
Virology
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Immunology
키워드  
Epigenetics
키워드  
Innate immunity
키워드  
RNA interference
키워드  
RNA modification
키워드  
Small RNAs
키워드  
Virus host interaction
기타저자  
Harvard University Biological and Biomedical Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aLowe,  David  Daesung.
■24512▼aA  Poly(UG)  RNA  Modifying  Complex  Mediates  Viral  Immunity  in  C.  elegans
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a213  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kennedy,  Scott.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aRNA  interference  (RNAi)  is  a  major  component  of  innate  immune  systems  in  many  eukaryotes,  including  C.  elegans.  During  RNAi  in  C.  elegans,  dsRNA  triggers  the  production  of  small  RNAs  via  the  nucleotidyltransferase  RDE-3  which  modifies  the  3'  termini  of  mRNAs  with  polyUG  (pUG)  tails  to  generate  RNA-dependent  RNA  Polymerase  (RdRP)  templates  to  drive  gene  silencing.  During  normal  growth  and  development,  RDE-3  pUGylates  transposon  RNAs  to  silence  transposons  and  protect  genomic  integrity.  How  C.  elegans  identifies  specific  RNAs  for  pUGylation  and  whether  the  pUGylation  system  has  tissue-specific  functions  is  not  known.  In  Chapter  2,  I  show  that  RNA  pUGylation  contributes  to  antiviral  immunity  in  the  soma  of  C.  elegans.  I  present  evidence  that  RDE-8,  NYN-1/2,  MUT-15,  and  the  pUGylase  RDE-3  form  an  RNA  modifying  complex  that  we  term  the  pUGasome.  During  infection  of  C.  elegans  with  Orsay  virus,  the  pUGasome  adds  pUG  tails  to  viral  RNAs  which  convert  these  RNAs  into  RdRP  templates  for  antiviral  siRNA  production,  limiting  viral  replication.  The  data  show  that  pUGylation  contributes  to  antiviral  immunity  in  C.  elegans  and  suggest  that  RDE-3  is  part  of  a  four-protein  complex,  which  provides  molecular  insights  into  how  C.  elegans  identifies  and  neutralizes  its  internal  and  external  parasitic  threats  in  the  soma.  In  Chapter  3,  I  show  that  piRNAs  are  necessary  and  sufficient  for  the  production  of  the  majority  of  endogenous  pUG  RNAs  in  C.  elegans  germ  cells.  Interestingly,  piRNA-initiated  pUG  RNAs  often  possess  short  non-templated  oligoA  tails  preceding  their  pUG  tails,  which  I  termed  oligoA::pUG  tails.  I  present  evidence  that  the  oligoA::pUG  tailed  RNAs  are  likely  generated  via  piRNA-directed  CCR4/NOT-based  deadenylation  of  mRNAs  followed  by  RDE-3-based  pUGylation,  suggesting  that  piRNA-directed  mRNA  deadenylation,  which  has  been  described  previously  in  mice  and  flies,  is  conserved  in  C.  elegans.  Finally,  in  the  appendix  of  the  dissertation,  I  describe  the  discovery  of  another  class  of  pUG  RNA,  termed  the  U(pUG)  RNAs,  which  are  produced  during  Orsay  virus  infection  as  the  result  of  sequential  terminal  uridylation  and  then  terminal  pUGylation  of  full-length  viral  RNAs.  In  summary,  the  dissertation  provides  novel  insights  into  mechanisms  of  tissue-specific  RNA  pUGylation,  which  protect  C.  elegans  from  internal  and  external  nucleic  acid  parasites.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■650  4▼aVirology
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aImmunology
■653    ▼aEpigenetics
■653    ▼aInnate  immunity
■653    ▼aRNA  interference
■653    ▼aRNA  modification
■653    ▼aSmall  RNAs
■653    ▼aVirus  host  interaction
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0487
■690    ▼a0720
■690    ▼a0982
■690    ▼a0410
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bBiological  and  Biomedical  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358245▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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