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Control and Devices for Practical Piezoelectric Power Conversion
Control and Devices for Practical Piezoelectric Power Conversion
Control and Devices for Practical Piezoelectric Power Conversion

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104858
ISBN  
9798288818745
DDC  
741
저자명  
Stolt, Eric.
서명/저자  
Control and Devices for Practical Piezoelectric Power Conversion
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
127 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Rivas-Davila, Juan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Power conversion provides the supporting backbone of our electrical energy infrastructure by efficiently converting electricity between its different forms, from hundreds of kilovolts AC in transmission lines to single volt DC in consumer electronics. Many applications within this infrastructure, especially in transportation and aerospace, demand smaller and lighter power converters to realize improved system performance. To meet this demand for high power density, power converters would need to scale from today's 10 to 100 kHz switching frequencies to MHz switching frequencies to shrink the bulky inductors and capacitors inherent to power electronics circuits. The advent of commercial wide bandgap semiconductor devices, namely Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon Carbide (SiC), has enabled MHz switching frequencies from a switching device perspective. However, the physical loss mechanisms of inductors causes poor scaling to high frequencies and small volumes, creating a bottleneck for increasing power density. Piezoelectric devices, unlike inductors, scale favorably to high frequencies and small volumes through efficient energy storage in mechanical vibration. With coupling to the electrical domain via the piezoelectric and inverse piezoelectric effects, these devices can provide passive energy storage to power converters similar to that of inductors. Power converters designed around piezoelectric devices instead of inductors could theoretically bypass the frequency scaling bottleneck and achieve higher power density. However, the idea of piezoelectric power conversion dates back to the 1960s and has yet to realize high power density power conversion at scale due to a lack of control methods capable of MHz switching frequencies and limitations of commercially available piezoelectric devices. This thesis addresses these two challenges presenting control methods and piezoelectric device designs to enable practical piezoelectric power conversion. To be practical, a power converter must satisfy all the requirements of real world applications including specifications such as efficiency, power density, reliability, and controllability. Solving these challenges enables practical piezoelectric power conversion to begin a new paradigm of high power density power conversion in real-world applications. First, to overcome a reliability issue with resonator spurious modes, we develop a fixed-frequency control method for piezoelectric resonator based DC-DC converters. Spurious modes constrain established control methods to limited operating ranges whereas a practical power converter needs to operate continuously from minimum to maximum output power. Fixed-frequency control enables operation across all output powers by avoiding spurious modes and circulating power within the high quality factor piezoelectric resonator. In a prototype converter with a spurious-constrained operating region, we demonstrate how fixed-frequency control extends the operating range by a factor of 2.7x while keeping efficiency high. Second, we present acoustic designs to eliminate spurious modes altogether. After discussing piezoelectric device parameters and materials relevant to power conversion, we develop custom fabricated lithium niobate thickness mode resonators with a novel spurious-free, ring resonator acoustic design. These devices achieve a record high component power density of 5.7 kW/cm3 when tested in a 3.2 kW electric vehicle on-board charger. Moreover, we introduce lithium niobate radial mode resonators with high quality factors exceeding 20,000 and high 99.3% DC-DC efficiency. Third, to realized closed-loop control of piezoelectric resonator based DC-DC converters at MHz switching frequencies, we present a current mode control method that utilizes the power of modern microcontrollers to ensure efficient zero-voltage-switching at high frequency. An additional feedforward compensator eases control design by accounting for the higher order dynamics of the piezoelectric resonant tank. The control method is evaluated with a prototype DC-DC converter operating at 750 kHz with stable and efficient regulation.
일반주제명  
Design
일반주제명  
Energy storage
일반주제명  
Electricity
일반주제명  
Lithium
일반주제명  
Magnetic fields
일반주제명  
Engineering
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering
키워드  
Gallium Nitride
키워드  
Piezoelectric devices
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aStolt,  Eric.
■24510▼aControl  and  Devices  for  Practical  Piezoelectric  Power  Conversion
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a127  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Rivas-Davila,  Juan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aPower  conversion  provides  the  supporting  backbone  of  our  electrical  energy  infrastructure  by  efficiently  converting  electricity  between  its  different  forms,  from  hundreds  of  kilovolts  AC  in  transmission  lines  to  single  volt  DC  in  consumer  electronics.  Many  applications  within  this  infrastructure,  especially  in  transportation  and  aerospace,  demand  smaller  and  lighter  power  converters  to  realize  improved  system  performance.  To  meet  this  demand  for  high  power  density,  power  converters  would  need  to  scale  from  today's  10  to  100  kHz  switching  frequencies  to  MHz  switching  frequencies  to  shrink  the  bulky  inductors  and  capacitors  inherent  to  power  electronics  circuits.  The  advent  of  commercial  wide  bandgap  semiconductor  devices,  namely  Gallium  Nitride  (GaN)  and  Silicon  Carbide  (SiC),  has  enabled  MHz  switching  frequencies  from  a  switching  device  perspective.  However,  the  physical  loss  mechanisms  of  inductors  causes  poor  scaling  to  high  frequencies  and  small  volumes,  creating  a  bottleneck  for  increasing  power  density.  Piezoelectric  devices,  unlike  inductors,  scale  favorably  to  high  frequencies  and  small  volumes  through  efficient  energy  storage  in  mechanical  vibration.  With  coupling  to  the  electrical  domain  via  the  piezoelectric  and  inverse  piezoelectric  effects,  these  devices  can  provide  passive  energy  storage  to  power  converters  similar  to  that  of  inductors.  Power  converters  designed  around  piezoelectric  devices  instead  of  inductors  could  theoretically  bypass  the  frequency  scaling  bottleneck  and  achieve  higher  power  density.  However,  the  idea  of  piezoelectric  power  conversion  dates  back  to  the  1960s  and  has  yet  to  realize  high  power  density  power  conversion  at  scale  due  to  a  lack  of  control  methods  capable  of  MHz  switching  frequencies  and  limitations  of  commercially  available  piezoelectric  devices.  This  thesis  addresses  these  two  challenges  presenting  control  methods  and  piezoelectric  device  designs  to  enable  practical  piezoelectric  power  conversion.  To  be  practical,  a  power  converter  must  satisfy  all  the  requirements  of  real  world  applications  including  specifications  such  as  efficiency,  power  density,  reliability,  and  controllability.  Solving  these  challenges  enables  practical  piezoelectric  power  conversion  to  begin  a  new  paradigm  of  high  power  density  power  conversion  in  real-world  applications.  First,  to  overcome  a  reliability  issue  with  resonator  spurious  modes,  we  develop  a  fixed-frequency  control  method  for  piezoelectric  resonator  based  DC-DC  converters.  Spurious  modes  constrain  established  control  methods  to  limited  operating  ranges  whereas  a  practical  power  converter  needs  to  operate  continuously  from  minimum  to  maximum  output  power.  Fixed-frequency  control  enables  operation  across  all  output  powers  by  avoiding  spurious  modes  and  circulating  power  within  the  high  quality  factor  piezoelectric  resonator.  In  a  prototype  converter  with  a  spurious-constrained  operating  region,  we  demonstrate  how  fixed-frequency  control  extends  the  operating  range  by  a  factor  of  2.7x  while  keeping  efficiency  high.  Second,  we  present  acoustic  designs  to  eliminate  spurious  modes  altogether.  After  discussing  piezoelectric  device  parameters  and  materials  relevant  to  power  conversion,  we  develop  custom  fabricated  lithium  niobate  thickness  mode  resonators  with  a  novel  spurious-free,  ring  resonator  acoustic  design.  These  devices  achieve  a  record  high  component  power  density  of  5.7  kW/cm3  when  tested  in  a  3.2  kW  electric  vehicle  on-board  charger.  Moreover,  we  introduce  lithium  niobate  radial  mode  resonators  with  high  quality  factors  exceeding  20,000  and  high  99.3%  DC-DC  efficiency.  Third,  to  realized  closed-loop  control  of  piezoelectric  resonator  based  DC-DC  converters  at  MHz  switching  frequencies,  we  present  a  current  mode  control  method  that  utilizes  the  power  of  modern  microcontrollers  to  ensure  efficient  zero-voltage-switching  at  high  frequency.  An  additional  feedforward  compensator  eases  control  design  by  accounting  for  the  higher  order  dynamics  of  the  piezoelectric  resonant  tank.  The  control  method  is  evaluated  with  a  prototype  DC-DC  converter  operating  at  750  kHz  with  stable  and  efficient  regulation.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aDesign
■650  4▼aEnergy  storage
■650  4▼aElectricity
■650  4▼aLithium
■650  4▼aMagnetic  fields
■650  4▼aEngineering
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering
■653    ▼aGallium  Nitride
■653    ▼aPiezoelectric  devices
■690    ▼a0389
■690    ▼a0544
■690    ▼a0537
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359266▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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