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Global Effects of Biofuel Mandates: Essays on Commodity Returns, Volatility, and Trade
Global Effects of Biofuel Mandates: Essays on Commodity Returns, Volatility, and Trade
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104959
- ISBN
- 9798290649863
- DDC
- 658
- 서명/저자
- Global Effects of Biofuel Mandates: Essays on Commodity Returns, Volatility, and Trade
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Davis, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 111 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Gafarov, Bulat;Hilscher, Jens.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Biofuels have reshaped the US and global agricultural landscape by introducing a new component to agricultural commodities demand: fuel production. According to USDA data, 40% of the corn and 45% of the soybean oil produced in the US is directed toward the production of ethanol and biomass-based diesels, respectively. This demand is driven by federal and state-level biofuel blending mandates that require minimum usage of biofuels in the transportation sector. The ultimate goals of these policies are to support the US agricultural sector through higher demand for corn and soybeans, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and enhance US energy independence.This dissertation examines the effects of these policies on commodity price volatility, global agricultural land use, international trade, and co-movement of agricultural prices. Beyond measuring these effects, I focus on the underlying mechanisms driving changes in volatility, land use and price co-movement. This research provides essential insights to help policymakers, farmers, traders, and risk managers better understand both the intended and unintended consequences of biofuel policies. The dissertation is organized into three chapters, each investigating distinct consequences from the implementation and expansion of biofuel policies.Chapter 1 investigates how the increased use of corn and soybean oil as motor fuel feedstock, driven by biofuel mandates, has affected price volatility. I model and study two different volatility drivers affected by the mandates: market integration and changes in the demand curve. Using the implementation of the Renewable Fuel Standard I (RFSI), in 2006, and the Renewable Diesel boom of 2021 as key events, I measure the effects of these two drivers on implied volatilities using a novel set of synthetic controls. Findings reveal a 12% rise in corn volatility and a 22% increase in soybean oil volatility, with spillovers to related commodities. In the case of corn, the higher shares of corn used for fuel and a high volatility regime in energy markets are the drivers of volatility changes. For soybean oil, the increase is mostly driven by changes in marginal demand elasticity, as growing domestic demand led to the cessation of exports.Chapter 2 examines the global impacts of increased vegetable oil consumption for fuel, driven by the Renewable Fuel Standard II (RFSII) and Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) subsidies, on international trade and agricultural land use. I analyze how these mandates affect US and global oilseed acreage and trade flows. Leveraging politically driven exogenous shocks to biofuel credit prices, I construct two extensive panel datasets covering acreage and trade data for the 12 major vegetable oil-producing and consuming countries and US states over 18 years. I employ local projections (Jorda, 2025) to estimate the impacts of biofuel subsidies on global acreage and trade. Results show that a 10% increase in domestic biofuel subsidies raises US and global land use by 1% and 0.5%, respectively. US net exports deteriorate, primarily due to a 4% increase in imports. These findings reveal inefficiencies in achieving the intended policy outcomes of biofuel policies.Chapter 3 leverages exogenous biofuel policy announcements and news "leaks" surrounding biofuel mandate releases to evaluate the effects of the reports on soybean oil prices and on price co-movement within the soybean complex (soybeans, soybean oil, and meal). Using an event study approach and causal inference methods, I analyze 36 policy events between 2021 and 2025, including Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announcements, California Air Resources Board (CARB) reports, and news "leaks" from media sources with early information access. I find that soybean oil futures returns increase significantly on announcement days (0.59%) and continue rising the following day (0.62%), exhibiting a 1.21% cumulative increase. The informational value of these biofuel policy signals is as big as that of major USDA WASDE reports. Regression analysis reveals that a 1% biofuel-induced price increase in soybean oil leads to a 0.19% rise in soybean prices and a 0.30% drop in soybean meal prices. These findings contribute to the food-versus-fuel debate by demonstrating that while biofuel mandates increase soybean oil prices, they simultaneously decrease soybean meal prices, partially offsetting inflationary concerns. Soybean farmers benefit most from expanded biofuel mandates, followed by livestock producers who face lower feed costs, while crushers see more modest benefits as approximately 50% of the gains from higher oil prices are offset by lower meal prices. These results highlight the growing importance of biofuel policy signals in agricultural commodity markets and reveal the complex price dynamics within the soybean complex in response to biofuel demand shocks.This dissertation provides key insights into the primary and secondary effects of the implementation and expansion of biofuel policies in US and global agricultural markets. This research demonstrates that understanding the underlying mechanisms driving market changes is essential for developing more effective and efficient agricultural and energy policies. The findings contribute valuable knowledge that can help policymakers navigate the complex trade-offs between agricultural support, environmental goals, and food security concerns.
- 일반주제명
- Finance
- 일반주제명
- Public policy
- 일반주제명
- Agriculture
- 일반주제명
- Alternative energy
- 키워드
- Biofuel mandates
- 키워드
- Oilseed trade
- 키워드
- Price volatility
- 기타저자
- University of California, Davis Agricultural and Resource Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798290649863
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a658
■1001 ▼aAvileis, Felipe Grimaldi.
■24510▼aGlobal Effects of Biofuel Mandates: Essays on Commodity Returns, Volatility, and Trade
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Davis▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a111 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Gafarov, Bulat;Hilscher, Jens.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2025.
■520 ▼aBiofuels have reshaped the US and global agricultural landscape by introducing a new component to agricultural commodities demand: fuel production. According to USDA data, 40% of the corn and 45% of the soybean oil produced in the US is directed toward the production of ethanol and biomass-based diesels, respectively. This demand is driven by federal and state-level biofuel blending mandates that require minimum usage of biofuels in the transportation sector. The ultimate goals of these policies are to support the US agricultural sector through higher demand for corn and soybeans, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and enhance US energy independence.This dissertation examines the effects of these policies on commodity price volatility, global agricultural land use, international trade, and co-movement of agricultural prices. Beyond measuring these effects, I focus on the underlying mechanisms driving changes in volatility, land use and price co-movement. This research provides essential insights to help policymakers, farmers, traders, and risk managers better understand both the intended and unintended consequences of biofuel policies. The dissertation is organized into three chapters, each investigating distinct consequences from the implementation and expansion of biofuel policies.Chapter 1 investigates how the increased use of corn and soybean oil as motor fuel feedstock, driven by biofuel mandates, has affected price volatility. I model and study two different volatility drivers affected by the mandates: market integration and changes in the demand curve. Using the implementation of the Renewable Fuel Standard I (RFSI), in 2006, and the Renewable Diesel boom of 2021 as key events, I measure the effects of these two drivers on implied volatilities using a novel set of synthetic controls. Findings reveal a 12% rise in corn volatility and a 22% increase in soybean oil volatility, with spillovers to related commodities. In the case of corn, the higher shares of corn used for fuel and a high volatility regime in energy markets are the drivers of volatility changes. For soybean oil, the increase is mostly driven by changes in marginal demand elasticity, as growing domestic demand led to the cessation of exports.Chapter 2 examines the global impacts of increased vegetable oil consumption for fuel, driven by the Renewable Fuel Standard II (RFSII) and Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) subsidies, on international trade and agricultural land use. I analyze how these mandates affect US and global oilseed acreage and trade flows. Leveraging politically driven exogenous shocks to biofuel credit prices, I construct two extensive panel datasets covering acreage and trade data for the 12 major vegetable oil-producing and consuming countries and US states over 18 years. I employ local projections (Jorda, 2025) to estimate the impacts of biofuel subsidies on global acreage and trade. Results show that a 10% increase in domestic biofuel subsidies raises US and global land use by 1% and 0.5%, respectively. US net exports deteriorate, primarily due to a 4% increase in imports. These findings reveal inefficiencies in achieving the intended policy outcomes of biofuel policies.Chapter 3 leverages exogenous biofuel policy announcements and news "leaks" surrounding biofuel mandate releases to evaluate the effects of the reports on soybean oil prices and on price co-movement within the soybean complex (soybeans, soybean oil, and meal). Using an event study approach and causal inference methods, I analyze 36 policy events between 2021 and 2025, including Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announcements, California Air Resources Board (CARB) reports, and news "leaks" from media sources with early information access. I find that soybean oil futures returns increase significantly on announcement days (0.59%) and continue rising the following day (0.62%), exhibiting a 1.21% cumulative increase. The informational value of these biofuel policy signals is as big as that of major USDA WASDE reports. Regression analysis reveals that a 1% biofuel-induced price increase in soybean oil leads to a 0.19% rise in soybean prices and a 0.30% drop in soybean meal prices. These findings contribute to the food-versus-fuel debate by demonstrating that while biofuel mandates increase soybean oil prices, they simultaneously decrease soybean meal prices, partially offsetting inflationary concerns. Soybean farmers benefit most from expanded biofuel mandates, followed by livestock producers who face lower feed costs, while crushers see more modest benefits as approximately 50% of the gains from higher oil prices are offset by lower meal prices. These results highlight the growing importance of biofuel policy signals in agricultural commodity markets and reveal the complex price dynamics within the soybean complex in response to biofuel demand shocks.This dissertation provides key insights into the primary and secondary effects of the implementation and expansion of biofuel policies in US and global agricultural markets. This research demonstrates that understanding the underlying mechanisms driving market changes is essential for developing more effective and efficient agricultural and energy policies. The findings contribute valuable knowledge that can help policymakers navigate the complex trade-offs between agricultural support, environmental goals, and food security concerns.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0029.
■650 4▼aFinance
■650 4▼aPublic policy
■650 4▼aAgriculture
■650 4▼aAlternative energy
■653 ▼aAgricultural land use
■653 ▼aBiofuel mandates
■653 ▼aCommodity markets
■653 ▼aOilseed trade
■653 ▼aPrice volatility
■653 ▼aRenewable fuel standard
■690 ▼a0503
■690 ▼a0508
■690 ▼a0630
■690 ▼a0363
■690 ▼a0473
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Davis▼bAgricultural and Resource Economics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0029
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359268▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


