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Algorithmic Foundation of Fair Graph Mining
Algorithmic Foundation of Fair Graph Mining
Algorithmic Foundation of Fair Graph Mining

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260209102858
ISBN  
9798291578094
DDC  
004
저자명  
Kang, Jian.
서명/저자  
Algorithmic Foundation of Fair Graph Mining
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
190 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Tong, Hanghang.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약In an increasingly connected world, graph mining plays a fundamental role in many real-world applications, such as financial fraud detection, drug discovery, traffic prediction, and so on. Years of research in this area have developed a wealth of theories, algorithms, and systems that are successful in answering what/who types of questions, e.g., who is most influential in a social network? What item should we recommend to a user? Despite the remarkable progress in graph mining, unfairness often occurs in many graph mining tasks. As such, a fundamental question largely remains nascent: how can we make graph mining process and its results fair?To answer this question, it is crucial to propose a paradigm shift, from answering what and who to answering how and why. Four desired properties are called for to build an algorithmic foundation of fair graph mining, including: utility that promises strong empirical performance in the mining task, fairness that avoids discriminatory performances over diverse sensitive groups or individuals, robustness that enhances the resilience toward noise or adversarial activities in the complex world, and transparency that renders the accountability and explainability of graph mining algorithms.The tensions among the desired properties require us to address three key challenges, namely the auditing challenge, the debiasing challenge, and the safeguarding challenge. First, the auditing challenge requires to address the tension between utility and transparency by understanding how the mining results of a given graph mining model relate to the input graph. Second, the debiasing challenge asks for balancing the trade-off between utility and fairness so as to ensure fairness on graph mining without much sacrifice on its utility. Third, the safeguarding challenge connects utility, fairness, robustness, and transparency together, and studies the tensions among them, which could help the deployment of fair graph mining techniques in the real world.The theme of my Ph.D. research is to build an algorithmic foundation of fair graph mining by developing computational models underpinning all three pillars, namely auditing, debiasing, and safeguarding, to address these key challenges. First, for auditing, we develop a family of algorithms Aurora to audit PageRank algorithm from the edge, node, and subgraph level, and a generic algorithmic framework N2N that audits a variety of graph mining algorithms from the optimization perspective. Moreover, we develop JuryGCN, which is the first frequentist-based approach to quantify node uncertainty of graph convolutional network without any epoch(s) of model training. JuryGCN is proven to be useful in both active learning on node classification and semi-supervised node classification, and achieves the best effectiveness and lowest memory usage than the competitors. Second, for debiasing, we offer the first systematic study of individual fairness on graph mining (InFoRM), including the measurement, mitigation strategies, and cost. We also design a family of algorithms RawlsGCN to debias degree unfairness by analyzing its mathematical root cause. Moreover, we ensure fairness among intersectional groups from the information-theoretic perspective. Third, for safeguarding, we explore the adversarial robustness of fair graph mining algorithms by attacking them with a meta learning-based attacking framework named Fate. The developed framework is broadly applicable to various fairness definitions and graph learning models, as well as arbitrary choices of manipulation operations. We also conduct analysis on the poisoned edges to reveal edges with which property would contribute most to the bias amplification on graph neural networks.
일반주제명  
Computer science
일반주제명  
Engineering
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
키워드  
Graph mining
키워드  
Algorithmic fairness
키워드  
Computational models
키워드  
Graph neural networks
기타저자  
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Computer Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aKang,  Jian.
■24510▼aAlgorithmic  Foundation  of  Fair  Graph  Mining
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a190  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Tong,  Hanghang.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign,  2023.
■520    ▼aIn  an  increasingly  connected  world,  graph  mining  plays  a  fundamental  role  in  many  real-world  applications,  such  as  financial  fraud  detection,  drug  discovery,  traffic  prediction,  and  so  on.  Years  of  research  in  this  area  have  developed  a  wealth  of  theories,  algorithms,  and  systems  that  are  successful  in  answering  what/who  types  of  questions,  e.g.,  who  is  most  influential  in  a  social  network?  What  item  should  we  recommend  to  a  user?  Despite  the  remarkable  progress  in  graph  mining,  unfairness  often  occurs  in  many  graph  mining  tasks.  As  such,  a  fundamental  question  largely  remains  nascent:  how  can  we  make  graph  mining  process  and  its  results  fair?To  answer  this  question,  it  is  crucial  to  propose  a  paradigm  shift,  from  answering  what  and  who  to  answering  how  and  why.  Four  desired  properties  are  called  for  to  build  an  algorithmic  foundation  of  fair  graph  mining,  including:  utility  that  promises  strong  empirical  performance  in  the  mining  task,  fairness  that  avoids  discriminatory  performances  over  diverse  sensitive  groups  or  individuals,  robustness  that  enhances  the  resilience  toward  noise  or  adversarial  activities  in  the  complex  world,  and  transparency  that  renders  the  accountability  and  explainability  of  graph  mining  algorithms.The  tensions  among  the  desired  properties  require  us  to  address  three  key  challenges,  namely  the  auditing  challenge,  the  debiasing  challenge,  and  the  safeguarding  challenge.  First,  the  auditing  challenge  requires  to  address  the  tension  between  utility  and  transparency  by  understanding  how  the  mining  results  of  a  given  graph  mining  model  relate  to  the  input  graph.  Second,  the  debiasing  challenge  asks  for  balancing  the  trade-off  between  utility  and  fairness  so  as  to  ensure  fairness  on  graph  mining  without  much  sacrifice  on  its  utility.  Third,  the  safeguarding  challenge  connects  utility,  fairness,  robustness,  and  transparency  together,  and  studies  the  tensions  among  them,  which  could  help  the  deployment  of  fair  graph  mining  techniques  in  the  real  world.The  theme  of  my  Ph.D.  research  is  to  build  an  algorithmic  foundation  of  fair  graph  mining  by  developing  computational  models  underpinning  all  three  pillars,  namely  auditing,  debiasing,  and  safeguarding,  to  address  these  key  challenges.  First,  for  auditing,  we  develop  a  family  of  algorithms  Aurora  to  audit  PageRank  algorithm  from  the  edge,  node,  and  subgraph  level,  and  a  generic  algorithmic  framework  N2N  that  audits  a  variety  of  graph  mining  algorithms  from  the  optimization  perspective.  Moreover,  we  develop  JuryGCN,  which  is  the  first  frequentist-based  approach  to  quantify  node  uncertainty  of  graph  convolutional  network  without  any  epoch(s)  of  model  training.  JuryGCN  is  proven  to  be  useful  in  both  active  learning  on  node  classification  and  semi-supervised  node  classification,  and  achieves  the  best  effectiveness  and  lowest  memory  usage  than  the  competitors.  Second,  for  debiasing,  we  offer  the  first  systematic  study  of  individual  fairness  on  graph  mining  (InFoRM),  including  the  measurement,  mitigation  strategies,  and  cost.  We  also  design  a  family  of  algorithms  RawlsGCN  to  debias  degree  unfairness  by  analyzing  its  mathematical  root  cause.  Moreover,  we  ensure  fairness  among  intersectional  groups  from  the  information-theoretic  perspective.  Third,  for  safeguarding,  we  explore  the  adversarial  robustness  of  fair  graph  mining  algorithms  by  attacking  them  with  a  meta  learning-based  attacking  framework  named  Fate.  The  developed  framework  is  broadly  applicable  to  various  fairness  definitions  and  graph  learning  models,  as  well  as  arbitrary  choices  of  manipulation  operations.  We  also  conduct  analysis  on  the  poisoned  edges  to  reveal  edges  with  which  property  would  contribute  most  to  the  bias  amplification  on  graph  neural  networks.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0090.
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■650  4▼aEngineering
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■653    ▼aGraph  mining
■653    ▼aAlgorithmic  fairness
■653    ▼aComputational  models
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼bComputer  Science.
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■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17365936▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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