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Three Essays on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Three Essays on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Three Essays on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105212
ISBN  
9798291564097
DDC  
641
저자명  
Wei, Min-Fang.
서명/저자  
Three Essays on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
124 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Gundersen, Craig.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약Food insecurity has emerged as a leading, if not the leading, indicator of well-being among vulnerable persons in the United States. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as the Food Stamp Program) is the central component of the social safety net against food insecurity. Extensive evidence has shown that SNAP plays a pivotal role in reducing the prevalence of food insecurity; still, a high proportion of SNAP recipients are food insecure. To explore these mysteries, this dissertation uses the 2018 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and examines SNAP from three aspects. First, is the eligible population being accurately identified? Second, following closely to the previous question, how does the eligibility issue influence the examination of SNAP's impact on food insecurity? And third, how is the probability of food insecurity related to the structure of the SNAP benefit formula?The first chapter of my dissertation studies the extent to which the literature addressing SNAP's impact accurately identifies the eligible population. Eligibility for SNAP depends on three criteria - gross income, net income, and assets that each needs to be below a threshold. Partly due to the lack of information needed to calculate the net income and assets on nationally representative datasets, existing studies define eligibility based on only the gross income criterion (and ignore the asset and net income criteria). If there is a misclassification of who is SNAP-eligible, these findings could be biased. As the first comprehensive investigation of SNAP's eligibility issues, we find that among households at lower risk of food insecurity (e.g., seniors, homeowners), over a third of those who are eligible under the gross income criterion is, in fact, ineligible under the complete criteria. In addition, in an effort to increase SNAP enrollments, states have the flexibility to waive the asset test or set a more lenient gross income criterion. We document that the former policy does increase the proportion of households eligible for SNAP, whereas the latter still leaves many ineligible. We also show that the impact of SNAP differs by the eligible samples being applied. In particular, the gap in food insecurity rates between participants and non-participants is markedly lower when the asset and gross income tests are applied rather than one just the gross income test is applied.The second chapter contributes to a parallel frame of work that has examined the adequacy of the SNAP maximum benefit as a means to address the relatively high food insecurity among SNAP recipients. Here we examine the relationship between food insecurity and two components of benefit determination - gross income and deductions - among SNAP recipients. Our primary findings are three-fold. First, we find that, in most specifications, food insecurity and very low food security (VLFS) rates are lower among those with higher gross incomes, even after controlling for relevant covariates. This relationship is more pronounced for VLFS than for food insecurity. Second, the deductions used to construct net income are positively related to food insecurity and VLFS. Insofar as deductions are designed to be higher for those in greater need, this finding is evidence of effective targeting of SNAP benefits. Third, we find potential scope for SNAP to allocate benefits more effectively to households with someone with a disability.The third chapter primarily builds on the findings in the first chapter; namely, the truly eligible SNAP population under the complete set of criteria differs from those that are only gross income eligible. Insofar as the latter category has lower food insecurity rates, this could distort comparisons between SNAP-eligible participants and non-participants and might bias the estimation of SNAP's impact on food insecurity. In this paper, we apply a partial identification approach under several classifications of eligible samples. Specifically, we examine how the average treatment effect (ATE) of SNAP on household food insecurity varies by imposing a partial or a complete set of eligibility tests. We find that, consistent with existing literature, SNAP reduces food insecurity under the majority of specifications of eligible samples. We also show that the net impact of SNAP is more substantial when accounting for the asset test along with the gross income test. These results are, in the main, similar to that using the eligible samples under the complete set of SNAP criteria.
일반주제명  
Food science
일반주제명  
Nutrition
키워드  
Food insecurity
키워드  
Average treatment effect
키워드  
Food Stamp Program
키워드  
Food stamps
키워드  
Eligible samples
기타저자  
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Agr & Consumer Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aWei,  Min-Fang.
■24510▼aThree  Essays  on  the  Supplemental  Nutrition  Assistance  Program  (SNAP)
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a124  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Gundersen,  Craig.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign,  2023.
■520    ▼aFood  insecurity  has  emerged  as  a  leading,  if  not  the  leading,  indicator  of  well-being  among  vulnerable  persons  in  the  United  States.  The  Supplemental  Nutrition  Assistance  Program  (SNAP,  formerly  known  as  the  Food  Stamp  Program)  is  the  central  component  of  the  social  safety  net  against  food  insecurity.  Extensive  evidence  has  shown  that  SNAP  plays  a  pivotal  role  in  reducing  the  prevalence  of  food  insecurity;  still,  a  high  proportion  of  SNAP  recipients  are  food  insecure.  To  explore  these  mysteries,  this  dissertation  uses  the  2018  Survey  of  Income  and  Program  Participation  (SIPP)  and  examines  SNAP  from  three  aspects.  First,  is  the  eligible  population  being  accurately  identified?  Second,  following  closely  to  the  previous  question,  how  does  the  eligibility  issue  influence  the  examination  of  SNAP's  impact  on  food  insecurity?  And  third,  how  is  the  probability  of  food  insecurity  related  to  the  structure  of  the  SNAP  benefit  formula?The  first  chapter  of  my  dissertation  studies  the  extent  to  which  the  literature  addressing  SNAP's  impact  accurately  identifies  the  eligible  population.  Eligibility  for  SNAP  depends  on  three  criteria  -  gross  income,  net  income,  and  assets  that  each  needs  to  be  below  a  threshold.  Partly  due  to  the  lack  of  information  needed  to  calculate  the  net  income  and  assets  on  nationally  representative  datasets,  existing  studies  define  eligibility  based  on  only  the  gross  income  criterion  (and  ignore  the  asset  and  net  income  criteria).  If  there  is  a  misclassification  of  who  is  SNAP-eligible,  these  findings  could  be  biased.  As  the  first  comprehensive  investigation  of  SNAP's  eligibility  issues,  we  find  that  among  households  at  lower  risk  of  food  insecurity  (e.g.,  seniors,  homeowners),  over  a  third  of  those  who  are  eligible  under  the  gross  income  criterion  is,  in  fact,  ineligible  under  the  complete  criteria.  In  addition,  in  an  effort  to  increase  SNAP  enrollments,  states  have  the  flexibility  to  waive  the  asset  test  or  set  a  more  lenient  gross  income  criterion.  We  document  that  the  former  policy  does  increase  the  proportion  of  households  eligible  for  SNAP,  whereas  the  latter  still  leaves  many  ineligible.  We  also  show  that  the  impact  of  SNAP  differs  by  the  eligible  samples  being  applied.  In  particular,  the  gap  in  food  insecurity  rates  between  participants  and  non-participants  is  markedly  lower  when  the  asset  and  gross  income  tests  are  applied  rather  than  one  just  the  gross  income  test  is  applied.The  second  chapter  contributes  to  a  parallel  frame  of  work  that  has  examined  the  adequacy  of  the  SNAP  maximum  benefit  as  a  means  to  address  the  relatively  high  food  insecurity  among  SNAP  recipients.  Here  we  examine  the  relationship  between  food  insecurity  and  two  components  of  benefit  determination  -  gross  income  and  deductions  -  among  SNAP  recipients.  Our  primary  findings  are  three-fold.  First,  we  find  that,  in  most  specifications,  food  insecurity  and  very  low  food  security  (VLFS)  rates  are  lower  among  those  with  higher  gross  incomes,  even  after  controlling  for  relevant  covariates.  This  relationship  is  more  pronounced  for  VLFS  than  for  food  insecurity.  Second,  the  deductions  used  to  construct  net  income  are  positively  related  to  food  insecurity  and  VLFS.  Insofar  as  deductions  are  designed  to  be  higher  for  those  in  greater  need,  this  finding  is  evidence  of  effective  targeting  of  SNAP  benefits.  Third,  we  find  potential  scope  for  SNAP  to  allocate  benefits  more  effectively  to  households  with  someone  with  a  disability.The  third  chapter  primarily  builds  on  the  findings  in  the  first  chapter;  namely,  the  truly  eligible  SNAP  population  under  the  complete  set  of  criteria  differs  from  those  that  are  only  gross  income  eligible.  Insofar  as  the  latter  category  has  lower  food  insecurity  rates,  this  could  distort  comparisons  between  SNAP-eligible  participants  and  non-participants  and  might  bias  the  estimation  of  SNAP's  impact  on  food  insecurity.  In  this  paper,  we  apply  a  partial  identification  approach  under  several  classifications  of  eligible  samples.  Specifically,  we  examine  how  the  average  treatment  effect  (ATE)  of  SNAP  on  household  food  insecurity  varies  by  imposing  a  partial  or  a  complete  set  of  eligibility  tests.  We  find  that,  consistent  with  existing  literature,  SNAP  reduces  food  insecurity  under  the  majority  of  specifications  of  eligible  samples.  We  also  show  that  the  net  impact  of  SNAP  is  more  substantial  when  accounting  for  the  asset  test  along  with  the  gross  income  test.  These  results  are,  in  the  main,  similar  to  that  using  the  eligible  samples  under  the  complete  set  of  SNAP  criteria.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0090.
■650  4▼aFood  science
■650  4▼aNutrition
■653    ▼aFood  insecurity
■653    ▼aAverage  treatment  effect
■653    ▼aFood  Stamp  Program
■653    ▼aFood  stamps
■653    ▼aEligible  samples
■690    ▼a0503
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0359
■690    ▼a0570
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼bAgr  &  Consumer  Economics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0090
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359774▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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