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Examining the Role of Viral Interaction in Household Transmission of Respiratory Viruses
Examining the Role of Viral Interaction in Household Transmission of Respiratory Viruses
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105212
- ISBN
- 9798291564769
- DDC
- 614
- 서명/저자
- Examining the Role of Viral Interaction in Household Transmission of Respiratory Viruses
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 169 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Martin, Emily Toth;Monto, Arnold S.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Viral interaction has long been hypothesized as a potential explanation for variations in the timing of respiratory virus waves within populations. Studies at the host-level reveal numerous potential mechanisms and manifestations of viral interaction. However, there is a paucity of data surrounding the implications of viral interaction on respiratory virus transmission. The three aims of this dissertation have been designed to address this gap in the literature by exploring possible manifestations of viral interaction on respiratory virus transmission through analyzing transmission patterns within households where multiple viruses circulated. The overall hypothesis of this dissertation is that virus transmission is affected by the presence of multiples respiratory viruses within a household. In Aim 1 of this dissertation, I examine the role of viral interaction in household transmission of symptomatic influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) using ten years of data from a prospective cohort study of households in Michigan. Results from mixed effects regression models show that exposure to symptomatic coinfected index cases was associated with reduced risk of influenza A virus and RSV transmission compared to exposure to singly infected cases, while infection with another virus was associated with increased risk of acquiring these viruses. Exposure to coinfected cases among contacts infected with other viruses was associated with increased influenza B virus acquisition. These results suggest that the circulation of multiple viruses may impact the transmission of influenza and RSV within households. In Aim 2, I evaluate transmission patterns of common human coronaviruses (HCoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within households amid multi-virus circulation using data from a case-ascertained sub-study nested within the prospective cohort study introduced in Aim 1. This sub-study utilized serial swabbing of household members exposed to individuals reporting acute respiratory illness. Results from a time-to-event analysis utilizing mixed effects cox proportional hazards models with a time-varying predictor show that coinfection among index cases was associated with reduced hazards of common HCoV and SARS-CoV-2 acquisition; infection with other viruses among contacts was associated with a lower hazard of common HCoV acquisition and was not strongly associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition. These results suggest that the transmission of common HCoV and SARS-CoV-2 may be impacted by other viruses co-circulating within households. Further, the exact implications of viral interaction on transmission may depend on the specific viruses involved. In Aim 3, I utilize transmission modeling to examine the association between viral coinfection among index cases on household transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Using data from the same case-ascertained sub-study utilized in Aim 2, I adapted a household transmission model to simulate the impact of changing the distribution of households with coinfected index cases on the secondary attack rate (SAR) of SARS-CoV-2. Results from multiple simulations show that increasing the proportion of households with coinfected index cases led to a reduced SAR, while decreasing this proportion resulted in an increased SAR. These results indicate that coinfection among index cases may alter the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 within households. This dissertation describes associations that have not been examined in the existing literature. The findings suggest that the transmission patterns of respiratory viruses may be affected by the co-circulation of other viruses. Public health interventions, including resource allocation, may be informed by knowledge of interaction between viruses, especially in preparation for large epidemics of certain viruses.
- 일반주제명
- Public health
- 일반주제명
- Health sciences
- 일반주제명
- Epidemiology
- 일반주제명
- Virology
- 기타저자
- University of Michigan Epidemiological Science
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798291564769
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32271718
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham006340
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a614
■1001 ▼aIbiebele, Jessica Clark.
■24510▼aExamining the Role of Viral Interaction in Household Transmission of Respiratory Viruses
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Michigan▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a169 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Martin, Emily Toth;Monto, Arnold S.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
■520 ▼aViral interaction has long been hypothesized as a potential explanation for variations in the timing of respiratory virus waves within populations. Studies at the host-level reveal numerous potential mechanisms and manifestations of viral interaction. However, there is a paucity of data surrounding the implications of viral interaction on respiratory virus transmission. The three aims of this dissertation have been designed to address this gap in the literature by exploring possible manifestations of viral interaction on respiratory virus transmission through analyzing transmission patterns within households where multiple viruses circulated. The overall hypothesis of this dissertation is that virus transmission is affected by the presence of multiples respiratory viruses within a household. In Aim 1 of this dissertation, I examine the role of viral interaction in household transmission of symptomatic influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) using ten years of data from a prospective cohort study of households in Michigan. Results from mixed effects regression models show that exposure to symptomatic coinfected index cases was associated with reduced risk of influenza A virus and RSV transmission compared to exposure to singly infected cases, while infection with another virus was associated with increased risk of acquiring these viruses. Exposure to coinfected cases among contacts infected with other viruses was associated with increased influenza B virus acquisition. These results suggest that the circulation of multiple viruses may impact the transmission of influenza and RSV within households. In Aim 2, I evaluate transmission patterns of common human coronaviruses (HCoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within households amid multi-virus circulation using data from a case-ascertained sub-study nested within the prospective cohort study introduced in Aim 1. This sub-study utilized serial swabbing of household members exposed to individuals reporting acute respiratory illness. Results from a time-to-event analysis utilizing mixed effects cox proportional hazards models with a time-varying predictor show that coinfection among index cases was associated with reduced hazards of common HCoV and SARS-CoV-2 acquisition; infection with other viruses among contacts was associated with a lower hazard of common HCoV acquisition and was not strongly associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition. These results suggest that the transmission of common HCoV and SARS-CoV-2 may be impacted by other viruses co-circulating within households. Further, the exact implications of viral interaction on transmission may depend on the specific viruses involved. In Aim 3, I utilize transmission modeling to examine the association between viral coinfection among index cases on household transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Using data from the same case-ascertained sub-study utilized in Aim 2, I adapted a household transmission model to simulate the impact of changing the distribution of households with coinfected index cases on the secondary attack rate (SAR) of SARS-CoV-2. Results from multiple simulations show that increasing the proportion of households with coinfected index cases led to a reduced SAR, while decreasing this proportion resulted in an increased SAR. These results indicate that coinfection among index cases may alter the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 within households. This dissertation describes associations that have not been examined in the existing literature. The findings suggest that the transmission patterns of respiratory viruses may be affected by the co-circulation of other viruses. Public health interventions, including resource allocation, may be informed by knowledge of interaction between viruses, especially in preparation for large epidemics of certain viruses.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0127.
■650 4▼aPublic health
■650 4▼aHealth sciences
■650 4▼aEpidemiology
■650 4▼aVirology
■653 ▼aInfectious diseases
■653 ▼aRespiratory viruses
■653 ▼aVirus transmission
■653 ▼aViral interaction
■653 ▼aViral coinfection
■690 ▼a0766
■690 ▼a0566
■690 ▼a0573
■690 ▼a0720
■71020▼aUniversity of Michigan▼bEpidemiological Science.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03B.
■790 ▼a0127
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359777▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
