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Disasters Divided: Federalism, Authority, and the Role of States in US COVID-19 Pandemic Response
Disasters Divided: Federalism, Authority, and the Role of States in US COVID-19 Pandemic Response
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105212
- ISBN
- 9798291564752
- DDC
- 614
- 서명/저자
- Disasters Divided: Federalism, Authority, and the Role of States in US COVID-19 Pandemic Response
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 875 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Greer, Scott L.;Jarman, Holly.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented, catastrophic disaster. But why did the United States-despite its wealth of resources and strong institutions-have a slow, fragmented, and highly politicized pandemic response? Moreover, why did US states vary in their responses to COVID-19? Using a qualitative approach, I conducted elite interviews of state-level bureaucrats across public health agencies, emergency management agencies, and the governor's office and a historical analysis of the development of disaster and pandemic policy in the United States to answer these questions. I frame my analysis through a theory of policy alignment: the ability of two or more actors to agree on a goal, adopt policies that do not conflict towards the agreed upon goal, and implement said policies. Alignment occurs when the methods, processes, and structures employed are congruent with the identified and agreed upon goals. Misalignment happens when there is a lack of congruence on goals, on policies adopted, or on the implementation of policies, resulting in a failure to meet the original goal(s). While important, neither partisanship, federalism, nor COVID-19 policy choices independently or completely explain the US pandemic response. I argue that US COVID-19 pandemic response stemmed from path dependent policy decisions which impacted how disaster and public health emergency response frameworks developed. These path dependent policy decisions predisposed the US towards policy misalignment. The US developed a two-tier disaster response framework: a federal centralized, command-and-control system and a subnational varied, fragmented system. US pandemic policy developed separately and independently from disaster policy, placing public health emergencies outside of the traditional disaster response framework. While pandemic policy originated in the public health domain, pandemic response was split between the public health system and the private medical healthcare system. The US pandemic response framework became further bifurcated between public health and biosecurity policy priorities, impacting federal pandemic response capacity. I further find that 3 variables act as "levers" of alignment (or misalignment): authority, bureaucratic structures, and capacity. Authority is having the power (or ability) to make decisions, implement them, and enforce them. Bureaucratic structures are the formal or informal set of expectations within federal or state agencies that determine who is expected to do what, how, and when. Capacity is the state's ability to achieve its policy goals. Capacity is critical in achieving alignment because goals (once agreed upon and passed as policy) cannot be implemented without it. Process tracing across 3 distinct time periods ("arcs of crisis") during the COVID-19 pandemic, I highlight how the 3 "levers" interacted with federalism, fragmentation, and partisanship to predispose the US towards misalignment. I identify broad patterns of alignment and misalignment: the use of the Stafford Act for COVID-19; the important role of executive authority (president, governors) and disaster emergency powers; fragmentation of bureaucratic authorities in public health emergency response; variation in state emergency management and public health bureaucratic institutions and their baseline capacities; breakdown of disaster response coordination structures; entrenchment of disaster federalism; strong federal biosecurity capacity; and state legislative partisanship. Political partisanship from state legislatures grew over time, leading to state legislative backlash against gubernatorial pandemic emergency powers. As a result, state legislatures began to reshape state statutory frameworks to limit gubernatorial and public health emergency powers. These findings have broad implications for future US disaster response and public health emergency response capacities and capabilities.
- 일반주제명
- Public health
- 일반주제명
- Political science
- 일반주제명
- Public policy
- 키워드
- Policy alignment
- 기타저자
- University of Michigan Health Services Organization & Policy
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a614
■1001 ▼aKlasa, Katarzyna A.
■24510▼aDisasters Divided: Federalism, Authority, and the Role of States in US COVID-19 Pandemic Response
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Michigan▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a875 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Greer, Scott L.;Jarman, Holly.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
■520 ▼aThe COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented, catastrophic disaster. But why did the United States-despite its wealth of resources and strong institutions-have a slow, fragmented, and highly politicized pandemic response? Moreover, why did US states vary in their responses to COVID-19? Using a qualitative approach, I conducted elite interviews of state-level bureaucrats across public health agencies, emergency management agencies, and the governor's office and a historical analysis of the development of disaster and pandemic policy in the United States to answer these questions. I frame my analysis through a theory of policy alignment: the ability of two or more actors to agree on a goal, adopt policies that do not conflict towards the agreed upon goal, and implement said policies. Alignment occurs when the methods, processes, and structures employed are congruent with the identified and agreed upon goals. Misalignment happens when there is a lack of congruence on goals, on policies adopted, or on the implementation of policies, resulting in a failure to meet the original goal(s). While important, neither partisanship, federalism, nor COVID-19 policy choices independently or completely explain the US pandemic response. I argue that US COVID-19 pandemic response stemmed from path dependent policy decisions which impacted how disaster and public health emergency response frameworks developed. These path dependent policy decisions predisposed the US towards policy misalignment. The US developed a two-tier disaster response framework: a federal centralized, command-and-control system and a subnational varied, fragmented system. US pandemic policy developed separately and independently from disaster policy, placing public health emergencies outside of the traditional disaster response framework. While pandemic policy originated in the public health domain, pandemic response was split between the public health system and the private medical healthcare system. The US pandemic response framework became further bifurcated between public health and biosecurity policy priorities, impacting federal pandemic response capacity. I further find that 3 variables act as "levers" of alignment (or misalignment): authority, bureaucratic structures, and capacity. Authority is having the power (or ability) to make decisions, implement them, and enforce them. Bureaucratic structures are the formal or informal set of expectations within federal or state agencies that determine who is expected to do what, how, and when. Capacity is the state's ability to achieve its policy goals. Capacity is critical in achieving alignment because goals (once agreed upon and passed as policy) cannot be implemented without it. Process tracing across 3 distinct time periods ("arcs of crisis") during the COVID-19 pandemic, I highlight how the 3 "levers" interacted with federalism, fragmentation, and partisanship to predispose the US towards misalignment. I identify broad patterns of alignment and misalignment: the use of the Stafford Act for COVID-19; the important role of executive authority (president, governors) and disaster emergency powers; fragmentation of bureaucratic authorities in public health emergency response; variation in state emergency management and public health bureaucratic institutions and their baseline capacities; breakdown of disaster response coordination structures; entrenchment of disaster federalism; strong federal biosecurity capacity; and state legislative partisanship. Political partisanship from state legislatures grew over time, leading to state legislative backlash against gubernatorial pandemic emergency powers. As a result, state legislatures began to reshape state statutory frameworks to limit gubernatorial and public health emergency powers. These findings have broad implications for future US disaster response and public health emergency response capacities and capabilities.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0127.
■650 4▼aPublic health
■650 4▼aPolitical science
■650 4▼aPublic policy
■653 ▼aDisaster politics
■653 ▼aDisaster federalism
■653 ▼aPolicy alignment
■653 ▼aCrisis governance
■653 ▼aPublic health policy
■653 ▼aPublic health emergencies
■690 ▼a0573
■690 ▼a0615
■690 ▼a0630
■71020▼aUniversity of Michigan▼bHealth Services Organization & Policy.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-02B.
■790 ▼a0127
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359778▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


