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Why Households Hate Grocery Inflation and Other Essays in Economic Measurement
Why Households Hate Grocery Inflation and Other Essays in Economic Measurement
Why Households Hate Grocery Inflation and Other Essays in Economic Measurement

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260209102853
ISBN  
9798291567012
DDC  
658
저자명  
O'Flaherty, Kelsey.
서명/저자  
Why Households Hate Grocery Inflation and Other Essays in Economic Measurement
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
189 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Shapiro, Matthew D.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Each chapter of this dissertation makes a methodological contribution to economic measurement. Empirical applications of these new methods show the value of more granular or comprehensive measures for challenging long-standing assumptions and raising fundamental questions about economic behavior.Using a detailed panel of consumer purchases and matched retail scanner data, Chapter I uncovers important new aspects of how households experience inflation. Inflation varies widely across households for a reason overlooked by aggregate measures: the individual product choices households make among ostensibly close substitutes. The price changes of different product varieties became more widely dispersed when inflation rose in 2021 and 2022, and households frequently failed to substitute to items with slower price growth. A model of consumption with idiosyncratic preferences rationalizes this behavior and implies that household-level inflation rates represent observable bounds on welfare losses. Grocery price inflation in 2022 generated annualized welfare losses ranging from $575 to $1,150 in the 10th and 90th percentiles of the inflation distribution.Chapter II develops wage measures capturing how two features of occupational change-the entry and exit of occupations over time and shocks to relative supply and demand-contributed to workers' effective wage gains and firms' effective labor costs from 1940-2020. It evaluates these contributions using a two-sided model of the labor market featuring occupational change, for which we derive exact wage indices. These indices imply increasing occupational variety and the tendency for firms and workers to reallocate labor toward occupations with lower effective costs or higher effective earnings meaningfully improved worker welfare and reduced firms' labor costs. Compared to baseline real wage growth of 1.03 percentage points annually in the absence of occupational change from 1940-2020, these forces raised workers' annualized real wage growth by 0.29 percentage points and reduced firms' annualized real labor costs by 0.20 percentage points.The last chapter addresses the challenge of using Big Data to improve economic statistics when the dataset covers only a non-representative subset of agents. It tests several methods for blending such data with surveys to produce unbiased population statistics. Several methods effectively reduce error-including a "Big Data as Strata" method which easily integrates into an existing survey framework. Results also highlight a shortcoming of survey sampling when stratification weights change rapidly, which Big Data may be uniquely suited to identify and correct. 
일반주제명  
Finance
키워드  
Inflation
키워드  
Consumption
키워드  
Economic measurement
키워드  
Idiosyncratic preferences
키워드  
Grocery price inflation
기타저자  
University of Michigan Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Shapiro,  Matthew  D.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aEach  chapter  of  this  dissertation  makes  a  methodological  contribution  to  economic  measurement.  Empirical  applications  of  these  new  methods  show  the  value  of  more  granular  or  comprehensive  measures  for  challenging  long-standing  assumptions  and  raising  fundamental  questions  about  economic  behavior.Using  a  detailed  panel  of  consumer  purchases  and  matched  retail  scanner  data,  Chapter  I  uncovers  important  new  aspects  of  how  households  experience  inflation.  Inflation  varies  widely  across  households  for  a  reason  overlooked  by  aggregate  measures:  the  individual  product  choices  households  make  among  ostensibly  close  substitutes.  The  price  changes  of  different  product  varieties  became  more  widely  dispersed  when  inflation  rose  in  2021  and  2022,  and  households  frequently  failed  to  substitute  to  items  with  slower  price  growth.  A  model  of  consumption  with  idiosyncratic  preferences  rationalizes  this  behavior  and  implies  that  household-level  inflation  rates  represent  observable  bounds  on  welfare  losses.  Grocery  price  inflation  in  2022  generated  annualized  welfare  losses  ranging  from  $575  to  $1,150  in  the  10th  and  90th  percentiles  of  the  inflation  distribution.Chapter  II  develops  wage  measures  capturing  how  two  features  of  occupational  change-the  entry  and  exit  of  occupations  over  time  and  shocks  to  relative  supply  and  demand-contributed  to  workers'  effective  wage  gains  and  firms'  effective  labor  costs  from  1940-2020.  It  evaluates  these  contributions  using  a  two-sided  model  of  the  labor  market  featuring  occupational  change,  for  which  we  derive  exact  wage  indices.  These  indices  imply  increasing  occupational  variety  and  the  tendency  for  firms  and  workers  to  reallocate  labor  toward  occupations  with  lower  effective  costs  or  higher  effective  earnings  meaningfully  improved  worker  welfare  and  reduced  firms'  labor  costs.  Compared  to  baseline  real  wage  growth  of  1.03  percentage  points  annually  in  the  absence  of  occupational  change  from  1940-2020,  these  forces  raised  workers'  annualized  real  wage  growth  by  0.29  percentage  points  and  reduced  firms'  annualized  real  labor  costs  by  0.20  percentage  points.The  last  chapter  addresses  the  challenge  of  using  Big  Data  to  improve  economic  statistics  when  the  dataset  covers  only  a  non-representative  subset  of  agents.  It  tests  several  methods  for  blending  such  data  with  surveys  to  produce  unbiased  population  statistics.  Several  methods  effectively  reduce  error-including  a  "Big  Data  as  Strata"  method  which  easily  integrates  into  an  existing  survey  framework.  Results  also  highlight  a  shortcoming  of  survey  sampling  when  stratification  weights  change  rapidly,  which  Big  Data  may  be  uniquely  suited  to  identify  and  correct. 
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aFinance
■653    ▼aInflation
■653    ▼aConsumption
■653    ▼aEconomic  measurement
■653    ▼aIdiosyncratic  preferences  
■653    ▼aGrocery  price  inflation
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0508
■690    ▼a1001
■690    ▼a0509
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03A.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17365908▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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