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Development of Chemical Genomic Tools Using DNA-Modifying Enzymes to Profile Chromatin Structure and Regulatory Elements
Development of Chemical Genomic Tools Using DNA-Modifying Enzymes to Profile Chromatin Str...
Development of Chemical Genomic Tools Using DNA-Modifying Enzymes to Profile Chromatin Structure and Regulatory Elements

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105100
ISBN  
9798265410320
DDC  
574
저자명  
Roh, Hee Jin.
서명/저자  
Development of Chemical Genomic Tools Using DNA-Modifying Enzymes to Profile Chromatin Structure and Regulatory Elements
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
186 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Liau, Brian B.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Chromatin structure, accessibility, and the spatial organization of DNA within the nucleus play essential roles in gene regulation and contribute to cellular heterogeneity. There is also growing interest in understanding how genome editing affects these features. Developing new genomic tools can help elucidate this complex system, and DNA-modifying enzymes offer powerful biochemical strategies by introducing sequence changes that can be captured through sequencing. In this thesis, I develop and apply novel chemical genomic tools, primarily using double-stranded DNA cytidine deaminases, to advance our understanding of chromatin structure and gene regulation. Chapter 1 provides relevant backgrounds including the advantages and limitations of existing methods.In Chapter 2, I present a new approach that we developed to measure chromatin accessibility: Targeted Deaminase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (TDAC-seq). Cis-regulatory elements regulate gene expression, and CRISPR-based genome editing of these regions has enabled breakthrough gene therapies for diseases such as sickle cell disease. Understanding how genome editing affects chromatin accessibility is crucial for elucidating underlying molecular mechanisms. However, existing technologies that simultaneously perturb and map cis-regulatory elements have significant limitations in detecting endogenous edits and linking them to chromatin accessibility with high resolution and throughput. TDAC-seq addresses this by using variants of dsDNA cytidine deaminase (DddA) to mark accessible regions through cytidine deamination. These edits are detected as C•G-to-T•A mutations after targeted long-range PCR and long-read sequencing. TDAC-seq thereby provides single-molecule, single-nucleotide resolution of chromatin accessibility and protein footprints across target regions. Furthermore, TDAC-seq simultaneously captures chromatin accessibility and CRISPR edits from the same DNA molecules, and we combined TDAC-seq with pooled CRISPR-Cas9 and adenosine base editor screens targeting the HS2 enhancer of the β-globin locus. We further expanded this method to perform a large-scale pooled CRISPR screen targeting an enhancer downstream of GFI1B linked to myeloproliferative neoplasm risk in CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, identifying key regulatory motifs of this enhancer. These results highlight the scalability and resolution of TDAC-seq for fine-mapping sequence-function relationships of target cis-regulatory elements.Chapter 3 discusses the broader utility of DddA-based mutagenesis. Because DddA-induced edits are PCR-compatible, they can be easily combined with other sequencing strategies. I describe additional applications that we have explored, as well as those reported by other research groups. These applications include recruiting DddA11 to single-stranded DNA regions via N3-kethoxal labeling to mark transcription bubbles, site-specific labeling of chromatin-associated factors using DddA fusion proteins, and integrating DddA mutagenesis with single-cell sequencing to reveal transcription factor footprints. I also propose several future directions for expanding the chemical genomic toolkit using dsDNA deaminases, emphasizing their versatility for probing genome structure and regulation.Appendix A describes Lamina-Inducible Methylation and Hi-C (LIMe-Hi-C), another method we developed that jointly measures chromosome conformation, DNA methylation, and lamina positioning by fusing the GpC cytosine methyltransferase M.CviPI to Lamin B1. This GpC methylation signature was integrated into a bisulfite Hi-C workflow to study the role of H3K27me3 at the boundaries of lamina-associated domains and compartments.Overall, this thesis demonstrates multiple approaches for using DNA-modifying enzymes to develop novel chemical genomic tools for studying genome structure. These new tools generate unique datasets unachievable through existing methods and provide new insights that advance our understanding of gene regulatory mechanisms.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Chemistry
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
키워드  
Chromatin structure
키워드  
Cytidine deamination
키워드  
Chemical genomic tools
키워드  
Regulatory elements
기타저자  
Harvard University Chemistry and Chemical Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aRoh,  Hee  Jin.
■24510▼aDevelopment  of  Chemical  Genomic  Tools  Using  DNA-Modifying  Enzymes  to  Profile  Chromatin  Structure  and  Regulatory  Elements
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a186  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Liau,  Brian  B.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aChromatin  structure,  accessibility,  and  the  spatial  organization  of  DNA  within  the  nucleus  play  essential  roles  in  gene  regulation  and  contribute  to  cellular  heterogeneity.  There  is  also  growing  interest  in  understanding  how  genome  editing  affects  these  features.  Developing  new  genomic  tools  can  help  elucidate  this  complex  system,  and  DNA-modifying  enzymes  offer  powerful  biochemical  strategies  by  introducing  sequence  changes  that  can  be  captured  through  sequencing.  In  this  thesis,  I  develop  and  apply  novel  chemical  genomic  tools,  primarily  using  double-stranded  DNA  cytidine  deaminases,  to  advance  our  understanding  of  chromatin  structure  and  gene  regulation.  Chapter  1  provides  relevant  backgrounds  including  the  advantages  and  limitations  of  existing  methods.In  Chapter  2,  I  present  a  new  approach  that  we  developed  to  measure  chromatin  accessibility:  Targeted  Deaminase-Accessible  Chromatin  sequencing  (TDAC-seq).  Cis-regulatory  elements  regulate  gene  expression,  and  CRISPR-based  genome  editing  of  these  regions  has  enabled  breakthrough  gene  therapies  for  diseases  such  as  sickle  cell  disease.  Understanding  how  genome  editing  affects  chromatin  accessibility  is  crucial  for  elucidating  underlying  molecular  mechanisms.  However,  existing  technologies  that  simultaneously  perturb  and  map  cis-regulatory  elements  have  significant  limitations  in  detecting  endogenous  edits  and  linking  them  to  chromatin  accessibility  with  high  resolution  and  throughput.  TDAC-seq  addresses  this  by  using  variants  of  dsDNA  cytidine  deaminase  (DddA)  to  mark  accessible  regions  through  cytidine  deamination.  These  edits  are  detected  as  C•G-to-T•A  mutations  after  targeted  long-range  PCR  and  long-read  sequencing.  TDAC-seq  thereby  provides  single-molecule,  single-nucleotide  resolution  of  chromatin  accessibility  and  protein  footprints  across  target  regions.  Furthermore,  TDAC-seq  simultaneously  captures  chromatin  accessibility  and  CRISPR  edits  from  the  same  DNA  molecules,  and  we  combined  TDAC-seq  with  pooled  CRISPR-Cas9  and  adenosine  base  editor  screens  targeting  the  HS2  enhancer  of  the  β-globin  locus.  We  further  expanded  this  method  to  perform  a  large-scale  pooled  CRISPR  screen  targeting  an  enhancer  downstream  of  GFI1B  linked  to  myeloproliferative  neoplasm  risk  in  CD34+  hematopoietic  stem  and  progenitor  cells,  identifying  key  regulatory  motifs  of  this  enhancer.  These  results  highlight  the  scalability  and  resolution  of  TDAC-seq  for  fine-mapping  sequence-function  relationships  of  target  cis-regulatory  elements.Chapter  3  discusses  the  broader  utility  of  DddA-based  mutagenesis.  Because  DddA-induced  edits  are  PCR-compatible,  they  can  be  easily  combined  with  other  sequencing  strategies.  I  describe  additional  applications  that  we  have  explored,  as  well  as  those  reported  by  other  research  groups.  These  applications  include  recruiting  DddA11  to  single-stranded  DNA  regions  via  N3-kethoxal  labeling  to  mark  transcription  bubbles,  site-specific  labeling  of  chromatin-associated  factors  using  DddA  fusion  proteins,  and  integrating  DddA  mutagenesis  with  single-cell  sequencing  to  reveal  transcription  factor  footprints.  I  also  propose  several  future  directions  for  expanding  the  chemical  genomic  toolkit  using  dsDNA  deaminases,  emphasizing  their  versatility  for  probing  genome  structure  and  regulation.Appendix  A  describes  Lamina-Inducible  Methylation  and  Hi-C  (LIMe-Hi-C),  another  method  we  developed  that  jointly  measures  chromosome  conformation,  DNA  methylation,  and  lamina  positioning  by  fusing  the  GpC  cytosine  methyltransferase  M.CviPI  to  Lamin  B1.  This  GpC  methylation  signature  was  integrated  into  a  bisulfite  Hi-C  workflow  to  study  the  role  of  H3K27me3  at  the  boundaries  of  lamina-associated  domains  and  compartments.Overall,  this  thesis  demonstrates  multiple  approaches  for  using  DNA-modifying  enzymes  to  develop  novel  chemical  genomic  tools  for  studying  genome  structure.  These  new  tools  generate  unique  datasets  unachievable  through  existing  methods  and  provide  new  insights  that  advance  our  understanding  of  gene  regulatory  mechanisms.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aChemistry
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■653    ▼aChromatin  structure
■653    ▼aCytidine  deamination
■653    ▼aChemical  genomic  tools
■653    ▼aRegulatory  elements
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0487
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0485
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bChemistry  and  Chemical  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359319▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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