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A Panchromatic Study of the Metal-Poor Massive Stars in the Local Group
A Panchromatic Study of the Metal-Poor Massive Stars in the Local Group
A Panchromatic Study of the Metal-Poor Massive Stars in the Local Group

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105102
ISBN  
9798297601444
DDC  
520
저자명  
Gull, Maude.
서명/저자  
A Panchromatic Study of the Metal-Poor Massive Stars in the Local Group
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
175 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Weisz, Daniel R.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Metal-poor massive stars are central to a wide range of astrophysics. They are thought to give rise to exciting transients and explosive enrichment in the early Universe, power cosmic reionization, and to pump large amounts of kinetic energy into the interstellar medium, thereby shaping the evolution of galaxies. They are the most likely progenitors of gravitational wave events and dominate the evolution and spectral energy distribution (SEDs) of star-forming galaxies across cosmic time. Despite their importance, observing and studying populations of metal-poor massive stars is challenging. Luckily, the Local Group (z=0, our cosmic neighborhood) harbors dozens of metal-poor star-forming dwarf galaxies that meet the sub-SMC metallicity threshold and are home to extremely metalpoor massive stars.In this thesis, I will presents the results of HST and JWST photometric and Keck and MMT optical spectroscopic studies in three of these dwarf galaxies; Leo A (Z ∼ 5% Z⊙; D ∼ 800 kpc), Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte (WLM, Z ∼ 14% Z⊙; D ∼ 970 kpc) and Sextans A (Z ∼ 6% Z⊙; D ∼ 1.32 Mpc).In Leo A, the spectroscopic sample of eighteen massive stars comprises a significant fraction of all known metal-poor massive stars with high-quality optical spectra at sub-SMC metallicities. More than half the stars in the sample show emission lines not associated with surrounding H II regions, and half the stars can be considered isolated star candidates (not within ∼ 40 pc of the nearest H II region). I adapt the The Payne, a highly efficient, multi-dimensional interpolator, to train a neural net on the TLUSTY non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) models, creating an infrastructure to fit metal-poor massive stars rapidly. I show that there are early indications that near-ultraviolet/optical/nearinfrared photometry fitted using the BEAST can be used to reliably characterize massive main-sequence star properties relative to low-resolution optical spectroscopy. I present six spectroscopically identified Be stars, representing the first sub-SMC Be stars to have both photometric and spectroscopic analysis. I postulate that Be stars may contaminate parts of the core helium burning branch in the optical CMD.In WLM, I present the lowest metallicity massive contact binary candidate to date. Identified through optical HST time-series photometry, I supplement these light-curves with novel JWST and UV HST photometry, providing light-curve data across six bands. Using machine learning, I emulate the eclipsing binary modeling software (PHysics Of Eclipsing BinariEs; PHOEBE), integrating it within a nested sampling framework to simultaneously fit the multi-band light curves. The best fit model consists of two hot massive stars stars (T1 = 29800+2300 −1700 K, M1 = 16+2 −3 M⊙, and T2 = 18000+5000 −5000 K, M2 = 7 +5 −3 M⊙). The contact system candidate shows a mass-ratio of q = 0.41+0.24 −0.14, which provides an important observational data point, as theoretically predicted mass ratio ranges are sensitive to model assumptions that drive our current binary population models. We expect time series imaging from LSST, BlackGEM, etc., to uncover similar objects in nearby galaxies and aid us in constraining the population of massive metal-poor binaries.In Sextans A, I analyze bright stars (F475W 8 and Loggp50 3.7). I compare the derived stellar parameters to existing spectral typing of a subset of the stars, based on existing low-resolution optical spectroscopy. Overall, I find good agreement, with outliers explainable by binarity, binary interaction, or low-quality spectra. I discuss the shortcomings of SED fitting when it comes to capturing binaries and binary products, and showcase the importance of UV photometry in studying massive stars accurately. I identify promising stripped star candidates and find an increasing fraction of OBe stars at low metallicity.
일반주제명  
Astronomy
일반주제명  
Astrophysics
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
키워드  
Spectral energy distribution
키워드  
Cosmic reionization
키워드  
Kinetic energy
키워드  
Optical spectroscopy
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Astrophysics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aGull,  Maude.
■24512▼aA  Panchromatic  Study  of  the  Metal-Poor  Massive  Stars  in  the  Local  Group
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a175  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Weisz,  Daniel  R.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aMetal-poor  massive  stars  are  central  to  a  wide  range  of  astrophysics.  They  are  thought  to  give  rise  to  exciting  transients  and  explosive  enrichment  in  the  early  Universe,  power  cosmic  reionization,  and  to  pump  large  amounts  of  kinetic  energy  into  the  interstellar  medium,  thereby  shaping  the  evolution  of  galaxies.  They  are  the  most  likely  progenitors  of  gravitational  wave  events  and  dominate  the  evolution  and  spectral  energy  distribution  (SEDs)  of  star-forming  galaxies  across  cosmic  time.  Despite  their  importance,  observing  and  studying  populations  of  metal-poor  massive  stars  is  challenging.  Luckily,  the  Local  Group  (z=0,  our  cosmic  neighborhood)  harbors  dozens  of  metal-poor  star-forming  dwarf  galaxies  that  meet  the  sub-SMC  metallicity  threshold  and  are  home  to  extremely  metalpoor  massive  stars.In  this  thesis,  I  will  presents  the  results  of  HST  and  JWST  photometric  and  Keck  and  MMT  optical  spectroscopic  studies  in  three  of  these  dwarf  galaxies;  Leo  A  (Z  ∼  5%  Z⊙;  D  ∼  800  kpc),  Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte  (WLM,  Z  ∼  14%  Z⊙;  D  ∼  970  kpc)  and  Sextans  A  (Z  ∼  6%  Z⊙;  D  ∼  1.32  Mpc).In  Leo  A,  the  spectroscopic  sample  of  eighteen  massive  stars  comprises  a  significant  fraction  of  all  known  metal-poor  massive  stars  with  high-quality  optical  spectra  at  sub-SMC  metallicities.  More  than  half  the  stars  in  the  sample  show  emission  lines  not  associated  with  surrounding  H  II  regions,  and  half  the  stars  can  be  considered  isolated  star  candidates  (not  within  ∼  40  pc  of  the  nearest  H  II  region).  I  adapt  the  The  Payne,  a  highly  efficient,  multi-dimensional  interpolator,  to  train  a  neural  net  on  the  TLUSTY  non-local  thermodynamic  equilibrium  (non-LTE)  models,  creating  an  infrastructure  to  fit  metal-poor  massive  stars  rapidly.  I  show  that  there  are  early  indications  that  near-ultraviolet/optical/nearinfrared  photometry  fitted  using  the  BEAST  can  be  used  to  reliably  characterize  massive  main-sequence  star  properties  relative  to  low-resolution  optical  spectroscopy.  I  present  six  spectroscopically  identified  Be  stars,  representing  the  first  sub-SMC  Be  stars  to  have  both  photometric  and  spectroscopic  analysis.  I  postulate  that  Be  stars  may  contaminate  parts  of  the  core  helium  burning  branch  in  the  optical  CMD.In  WLM,  I  present  the  lowest  metallicity  massive  contact  binary  candidate  to  date.  Identified  through  optical  HST  time-series  photometry,  I  supplement  these  light-curves  with  novel  JWST  and  UV  HST  photometry,  providing  light-curve  data  across  six  bands.  Using  machine  learning,  I  emulate  the  eclipsing  binary  modeling  software  (PHysics  Of  Eclipsing  BinariEs;  PHOEBE),  integrating  it  within  a  nested  sampling  framework  to  simultaneously  fit  the  multi-band  light  curves.  The  best  fit  model  consists  of  two  hot  massive  stars  stars  (T1  =  29800+2300  −1700  K,  M1  =  16+2  −3  M⊙,  and  T2  =  18000+5000  −5000  K,  M2  =  7  +5  −3  M⊙).  The  contact  system  candidate  shows  a  mass-ratio  of  q  =  0.41+0.24  −0.14,  which  provides  an  important  observational  data  point,  as  theoretically  predicted  mass  ratio  ranges  are  sensitive  to  model  assumptions  that  drive  our  current  binary  population  models.  We  expect  time  series  imaging  from  LSST,  BlackGEM,  etc.,  to  uncover  similar  objects  in  nearby  galaxies  and  aid  us  in  constraining  the  population  of  massive  metal-poor  binaries.In  Sextans  A,  I  analyze  bright  stars  (F475W    8  and  Loggp50    3.7).  I  compare  the  derived  stellar  parameters  to  existing  spectral  typing  of  a  subset  of  the  stars,  based  on  existing  low-resolution  optical  spectroscopy.  Overall,  I  find  good  agreement,  with  outliers  explainable  by  binarity,  binary  interaction,  or  low-quality  spectra.  I  discuss  the  shortcomings  of  SED  fitting  when  it  comes  to  capturing  binaries  and  binary  products,  and  showcase  the  importance  of  UV  photometry  in  studying  massive  stars  accurately.  I  identify  promising  stripped  star  candidates  and  find  an  increasing  fraction  of  OBe  stars  at  low  metallicity.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aAstronomy
■650  4▼aAstrophysics
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■653    ▼aSpectral  energy  distribution
■653    ▼aCosmic  reionization
■653    ▼aKinetic  energy
■653    ▼aOptical  spectroscopy
■690    ▼a0606
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0486
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bAstrophysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359324▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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