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Fluorescence-Based Investigation of Chemical Reactions in Single Levitated Aqueous Droplets
Fluorescence-Based Investigation of Chemical Reactions in Single Levitated Aqueous Droplets
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105104
- ISBN
- 9798297601567
- DDC
- 541
- 서명/저자
- Fluorescence-Based Investigation of Chemical Reactions in Single Levitated Aqueous Droplets
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 141 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Wilson, Kevin R.;Saykally, Richard J.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Microcompartments, such as aerosols, cells, and geological pores, are ubiquitous in nature and often exhibit unique chemical behaviors compared to the bulk phase. Reactions occurring in these confined spaces frequently proceed at vastly different rates than in bulk environments, which has important implications for industrial synthesis, atmospheric modeling, and cellular processes. Despite this, the mechanisms behind this distinct behavior remain poorly understood. The goal of this work is to investigate the mechanisms behind the modification of reaction rates in microdroplets.In Chapter 2 of this work, reaction kinetics are measured in individual aqueous droplets to minimize external variables and explore the mechanisms driving altered reaction rates. The experiments are conducted using a quadrupole electrodynamic trap (QET), which enables observation of single droplets in a controlled environment. Using fluorescence measurements, the reaction between dopamine and resorcinol is investigated in droplets and compared to bulk cuvette measurements across a range of conditions. The reaction is found to be significantly accelerated in droplets, and kinetic modeling reveals that this acceleration is due to rapid oxygen diffusion into aerosol droplets and increased reactant concentrations at the droplet interface. In order to explore other mechanisms behind reaction acceleration in droplets, nanodiamond (ND) sensors are deployed in droplets.Chapters 3 and 4 explore the use of NDs with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects for sensing in microcompartments. In particular, the potential of NDs as sensors for paramagnetic species in single droplets is explored to increase the range of possible measurements in the QET. In Chapter 3, the influence of environmental factors, such as pH, on the paramagnetic sensing properties of these sensors is examined using gadolinium (Gd3+), a highly paramagnetic ion, as a test case. It is determined that Gd3+ must bind to the ND surface to be effectively sensed. A comprehensive model is developed to predict trends in paramagnetic species sensing accounting for pH, competitive binding, nanodiamond size, and depletion effects. This model highlights the sensitivity of these NDs to any species in solution that can impact Gd3+ binding to the diamond surface. While quantitative determination of paramagnetic species concentrations in complex matrices is possible, it requires extensive calibration.In Chapter 4, the transmetalation reaction of gadolinium (III) diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) with zinc is studied in both droplets and bulk solution in order to evaluate the effectiveness of commercially available ND sensors for measuring reaction kinetics in microcompartments. In the bulk, reaction kinetics are also benchmarked against nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements using established procedures. While the sensors successfully capture trends in reaction rates in droplets and in the bulk environment, concentrations of Gd3+ are underestimated by the ND sensors. A significant deceleration of the reaction is observed in droplets compared to the bulk. Correcting for differences in pH and acetic acid concentration between the two environments cannot account for this deceleration which is attributed to a property of the droplet interface. In Chapter 5, the future of these NDs for sensing in microcompartments is discussed. In order to improve their ability to quantify paramagnetic species concentrations, targeted surface functionalization is likely needed.
- 일반주제명
- Physical chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Analytical chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Nanoscience
- 키워드
- Droplets
- 키워드
- Kinetics
- 키워드
- Nanodiamonds
- 키워드
- Nitrogen-vacancy
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Chemistry
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202105104
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798297601567
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32236495
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a541
■1001 ▼aBrown, Emily Kirsten.
■24510▼aFluorescence-Based Investigation of Chemical Reactions in Single Levitated Aqueous Droplets
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a141 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Wilson, Kevin R.;Saykally, Richard J.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aMicrocompartments, such as aerosols, cells, and geological pores, are ubiquitous in nature and often exhibit unique chemical behaviors compared to the bulk phase. Reactions occurring in these confined spaces frequently proceed at vastly different rates than in bulk environments, which has important implications for industrial synthesis, atmospheric modeling, and cellular processes. Despite this, the mechanisms behind this distinct behavior remain poorly understood. The goal of this work is to investigate the mechanisms behind the modification of reaction rates in microdroplets.In Chapter 2 of this work, reaction kinetics are measured in individual aqueous droplets to minimize external variables and explore the mechanisms driving altered reaction rates. The experiments are conducted using a quadrupole electrodynamic trap (QET), which enables observation of single droplets in a controlled environment. Using fluorescence measurements, the reaction between dopamine and resorcinol is investigated in droplets and compared to bulk cuvette measurements across a range of conditions. The reaction is found to be significantly accelerated in droplets, and kinetic modeling reveals that this acceleration is due to rapid oxygen diffusion into aerosol droplets and increased reactant concentrations at the droplet interface. In order to explore other mechanisms behind reaction acceleration in droplets, nanodiamond (ND) sensors are deployed in droplets.Chapters 3 and 4 explore the use of NDs with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects for sensing in microcompartments. In particular, the potential of NDs as sensors for paramagnetic species in single droplets is explored to increase the range of possible measurements in the QET. In Chapter 3, the influence of environmental factors, such as pH, on the paramagnetic sensing properties of these sensors is examined using gadolinium (Gd3+), a highly paramagnetic ion, as a test case. It is determined that Gd3+ must bind to the ND surface to be effectively sensed. A comprehensive model is developed to predict trends in paramagnetic species sensing accounting for pH, competitive binding, nanodiamond size, and depletion effects. This model highlights the sensitivity of these NDs to any species in solution that can impact Gd3+ binding to the diamond surface. While quantitative determination of paramagnetic species concentrations in complex matrices is possible, it requires extensive calibration.In Chapter 4, the transmetalation reaction of gadolinium (III) diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) with zinc is studied in both droplets and bulk solution in order to evaluate the effectiveness of commercially available ND sensors for measuring reaction kinetics in microcompartments. In the bulk, reaction kinetics are also benchmarked against nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements using established procedures. While the sensors successfully capture trends in reaction rates in droplets and in the bulk environment, concentrations of Gd3+ are underestimated by the ND sensors. A significant deceleration of the reaction is observed in droplets compared to the bulk. Correcting for differences in pH and acetic acid concentration between the two environments cannot account for this deceleration which is attributed to a property of the droplet interface. In Chapter 5, the future of these NDs for sensing in microcompartments is discussed. In order to improve their ability to quantify paramagnetic species concentrations, targeted surface functionalization is likely needed.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aPhysical chemistry
■650 4▼aChemistry
■650 4▼aAnalytical chemistry
■650 4▼aNanoscience
■653 ▼aDroplets
■653 ▼aKinetics
■653 ▼aMicrocompartments
■653 ▼aNanodiamonds
■653 ▼aNitrogen-vacancy
■690 ▼a0494
■690 ▼a0485
■690 ▼a0565
■690 ▼a0486
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bChemistry.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-04B.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359337▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
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