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Fluorescence-Based Investigation of Chemical Reactions in Single Levitated Aqueous Droplets
Fluorescence-Based Investigation of Chemical Reactions in Single Levitated Aqueous Droplet...
Fluorescence-Based Investigation of Chemical Reactions in Single Levitated Aqueous Droplets

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105104
ISBN  
9798297601567
DDC  
541
저자명  
Brown, Emily Kirsten.
서명/저자  
Fluorescence-Based Investigation of Chemical Reactions in Single Levitated Aqueous Droplets
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
141 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Wilson, Kevin R.;Saykally, Richard J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Microcompartments, such as aerosols, cells, and geological pores, are ubiquitous in nature and often exhibit unique chemical behaviors compared to the bulk phase. Reactions occurring in these confined spaces frequently proceed at vastly different rates than in bulk environments, which has important implications for industrial synthesis, atmospheric modeling, and cellular processes. Despite this, the mechanisms behind this distinct behavior remain poorly understood. The goal of this work is to investigate the mechanisms behind the modification of reaction rates in microdroplets.In Chapter 2 of this work, reaction kinetics are measured in individual aqueous droplets to minimize external variables and explore the mechanisms driving altered reaction rates. The experiments are conducted using a quadrupole electrodynamic trap (QET), which enables observation of single droplets in a controlled environment. Using fluorescence measurements, the reaction between dopamine and resorcinol is investigated in droplets and compared to bulk cuvette measurements across a range of conditions. The reaction is found to be significantly accelerated in droplets, and kinetic modeling reveals that this acceleration is due to rapid oxygen diffusion into aerosol droplets and increased reactant concentrations at the droplet interface. In order to explore other mechanisms behind reaction acceleration in droplets, nanodiamond (ND) sensors are deployed in droplets.Chapters 3 and 4 explore the use of NDs with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects for sensing in microcompartments. In particular, the potential of NDs as sensors for paramagnetic species in single droplets is explored to increase the range of possible measurements in the QET. In Chapter 3, the influence of environmental factors, such as pH, on the paramagnetic sensing properties of these sensors is examined using gadolinium (Gd3+), a highly paramagnetic ion, as a test case. It is determined that Gd3+ must bind to the ND surface to be effectively sensed. A comprehensive model is developed to predict trends in paramagnetic species sensing accounting for pH, competitive binding, nanodiamond size, and depletion effects. This model highlights the sensitivity of these NDs to any species in solution that can impact Gd3+ binding to the diamond surface. While quantitative determination of paramagnetic species concentrations in complex matrices is possible, it requires extensive calibration.In Chapter 4, the transmetalation reaction of gadolinium (III) diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) with zinc is studied in both droplets and bulk solution in order to evaluate the effectiveness of commercially available ND sensors for measuring reaction kinetics in microcompartments. In the bulk, reaction kinetics are also benchmarked against nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements using established procedures. While the sensors successfully capture trends in reaction rates in droplets and in the bulk environment, concentrations of Gd3+ are underestimated by the ND sensors. A significant deceleration of the reaction is observed in droplets compared to the bulk. Correcting for differences in pH and acetic acid concentration between the two environments cannot account for this deceleration which is attributed to a property of the droplet interface. In Chapter 5, the future of these NDs for sensing in microcompartments is discussed. In order to improve their ability to quantify paramagnetic species concentrations, targeted surface functionalization is likely needed.
일반주제명  
Physical chemistry
일반주제명  
Chemistry
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
일반주제명  
Nanoscience
키워드  
Droplets
키워드  
Kinetics
키워드  
Microcompartments
키워드  
Nanodiamonds
키워드  
Nitrogen-vacancy
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Chemistry
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aBrown,  Emily  Kirsten.
■24510▼aFluorescence-Based  Investigation  of  Chemical  Reactions  in  Single  Levitated  Aqueous  Droplets
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a141  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Wilson,  Kevin  R.;Saykally,  Richard  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aMicrocompartments,  such  as  aerosols,  cells,  and  geological  pores,  are  ubiquitous  in  nature  and  often  exhibit  unique  chemical  behaviors  compared  to  the  bulk  phase.  Reactions  occurring  in  these  confined  spaces  frequently  proceed  at  vastly  different  rates  than  in  bulk  environments,  which  has  important  implications  for  industrial  synthesis,  atmospheric  modeling,  and  cellular  processes.  Despite  this,  the  mechanisms  behind  this  distinct  behavior  remain  poorly  understood.  The  goal  of  this  work  is  to  investigate  the  mechanisms  behind  the  modification  of  reaction  rates  in  microdroplets.In  Chapter  2  of  this  work,  reaction  kinetics  are  measured  in  individual  aqueous  droplets  to  minimize  external  variables  and  explore  the  mechanisms  driving  altered  reaction  rates.  The  experiments  are  conducted  using  a  quadrupole  electrodynamic  trap  (QET),  which  enables  observation  of  single  droplets  in  a  controlled  environment.  Using  fluorescence  measurements,  the  reaction  between  dopamine  and  resorcinol  is  investigated  in  droplets  and  compared  to  bulk  cuvette  measurements  across  a  range  of  conditions.  The  reaction  is  found  to  be  significantly  accelerated  in  droplets,  and  kinetic  modeling  reveals  that  this  acceleration  is  due  to  rapid  oxygen  diffusion  into  aerosol  droplets  and  increased  reactant  concentrations  at  the  droplet  interface.  In  order  to  explore  other  mechanisms  behind  reaction  acceleration  in  droplets,  nanodiamond  (ND)  sensors  are  deployed  in  droplets.Chapters  3  and  4  explore  the  use  of  NDs  with  nitrogen-vacancy  (NV)  defects  for  sensing  in  microcompartments.  In  particular,  the  potential  of  NDs  as  sensors  for  paramagnetic  species  in  single  droplets  is  explored  to  increase  the  range  of  possible  measurements  in  the  QET.  In  Chapter  3,  the  influence  of  environmental  factors,  such  as  pH,  on  the  paramagnetic  sensing  properties  of  these  sensors  is  examined  using  gadolinium  (Gd3+),  a  highly  paramagnetic  ion,  as  a  test  case.  It  is  determined  that  Gd3+  must  bind  to  the  ND  surface  to  be  effectively  sensed.  A  comprehensive  model  is  developed  to  predict  trends  in  paramagnetic  species  sensing  accounting  for  pH,  competitive  binding,  nanodiamond  size,  and  depletion  effects.  This  model  highlights  the  sensitivity  of  these  NDs  to  any  species  in  solution  that  can  impact  Gd3+  binding  to  the  diamond  surface.  While  quantitative  determination  of  paramagnetic  species  concentrations  in  complex  matrices  is  possible,  it  requires  extensive  calibration.In  Chapter  4,  the  transmetalation  reaction  of  gadolinium  (III)  diethylenetriaminepentaacetic  acid  (Gd-DTPA)  with  zinc  is  studied  in  both  droplets  and  bulk  solution  in  order  to  evaluate  the  effectiveness  of  commercially  available  ND  sensors  for  measuring  reaction  kinetics  in  microcompartments.  In  the  bulk,  reaction  kinetics  are  also  benchmarked  against  nuclear  magnetic  resonance  (NMR)  measurements  using  established  procedures.  While  the  sensors  successfully  capture  trends  in  reaction  rates  in  droplets  and  in  the  bulk  environment,  concentrations  of  Gd3+  are  underestimated  by  the  ND  sensors.  A  significant  deceleration  of  the  reaction  is  observed  in  droplets  compared  to  the  bulk.  Correcting  for  differences  in  pH  and  acetic  acid  concentration  between  the  two  environments  cannot  account  for  this  deceleration  which  is  attributed  to  a  property  of  the  droplet  interface.  In  Chapter  5,  the  future  of  these  NDs  for  sensing  in  microcompartments  is  discussed.  In  order  to  improve  their  ability  to  quantify  paramagnetic  species  concentrations,  targeted  surface  functionalization  is  likely  needed.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aPhysical  chemistry
■650  4▼aChemistry
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■650  4▼aNanoscience
■653    ▼aDroplets
■653    ▼aKinetics
■653    ▼aMicrocompartments
■653    ▼aNanodiamonds
■653    ▼aNitrogen-vacancy
■690    ▼a0494
■690    ▼a0485
■690    ▼a0565
■690    ▼a0486
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bChemistry.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359337▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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