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High-Throughput Genomics for Understanding and Engineering Immune Cell Memory
High-Throughput Genomics for Understanding and Engineering Immune Cell Memory
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105617
- ISBN
- 9798265428387
- DDC
- 616.079
- 저자명
- Chen, Yi Hsuan.
- 서명/저자
- High-Throughput Genomics for Understanding and Engineering Immune Cell Memory
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 145 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Satpathy, Ansuman.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Making durable and safe immunotherapy requires a comprehensive view of the immune system. A central feature of that system is immunological memory, the capacity to mount stronger and faster responses after an initial encounter. Memory helps eradicate tumors and recurring infections, so understanding how it forms and persists is essential to engineering next-generation durable therapies. Immune memory arises from two orthogonal yet interacting branches of host defense: the innate immune system, which can be "trained," and the adaptive immune system of antigen-specific T and B lymphocytes. Recent advances in high-throughput genomic profiling technologies in both 1D and 3D genome, coupled with precise CRISPR-based editing, now let us interrogate both branches at a granular resolution and rewire their regulatory circuitry.My thesis work leverages this modern toolkit to dissect and engineer immune memory on two fronts. First, I studied short-term memory formation in the innate immune system using primary macrophages as a model. Recent studies have demonstrated roles for epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprogramming in innate immune memory. In this work, I further investigate how three-dimensional chromatin architecture regulates macrophage responses to a secondary stimulus following initial IL-4 priming. Using base-pair- resolution Micro-Capture-C, I show that IL-4 establishes new enhancer-promoter loops, positioning Toll-like receptor, interferon-gamma, and glucocorticoid response elements adjacent to their target gene promoters. These IL-4-induced interactions amplify the secondary transcriptional response upon dexamethasone, IFN-γ, or LPS challenge. Precision editing of these loop anchors then enables targeted reprogramming of innate memory formation. Second, I turn to adaptive immunity and demonstrate that memory can be intentionally programmed into therapeutic T cells. Through pharmacologic inhibition, CRISPR editing, and lentiviral over-expression, I identify the pioneer transcription factor FOXO1 as a master regulator of human CAR-T persistence. FOXO1 over-expression creates a memory-like transcriptome, enhances chromatin accessibility at memory loci, preserves oxidative metabolism during chronic antigen stress, and yields superior tumor control in vivo. Loss of FOXO1 activity, by contrast, accelerates exhaustion and loss of efficacy. Analyses of patient-derived CAR-T and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte products confirm that endogenous FOXO1 levels correlate with clinical response.Together, these studies demonstrate the various layers of the immune system to encode immune memory such as in 3-dimensional chromatin architecture in macrophages and transcription factor driven chromatin remodeling in T cells. The final chapter looks ahead, outlining how single-cell multi-omics can better help us understand the immune memory formation, and how synthetic transcription factors, and generative AI models for sequence design can expand the search space for regulatory elements and create immunotherapies with better durability and safety.
- 일반주제명
- Immunotherapy
- 일반주제명
- Genomics
- 일반주제명
- Gene loci
- 일반주제명
- Bioengineering
- 일반주제명
- Medical research
- 일반주제명
- Genetics
- 일반주제명
- Immunology
- 일반주제명
- Medicine
- 기타저자
- Stanford University.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798265428387
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■1001 ▼aChen, Yi Hsuan.
■24510▼aHigh-Throughput Genomics for Understanding and Engineering Immune Cell Memory
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a145 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Satpathy, Ansuman.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
■520 ▼aMaking durable and safe immunotherapy requires a comprehensive view of the immune system. A central feature of that system is immunological memory, the capacity to mount stronger and faster responses after an initial encounter. Memory helps eradicate tumors and recurring infections, so understanding how it forms and persists is essential to engineering next-generation durable therapies. Immune memory arises from two orthogonal yet interacting branches of host defense: the innate immune system, which can be "trained," and the adaptive immune system of antigen-specific T and B lymphocytes. Recent advances in high-throughput genomic profiling technologies in both 1D and 3D genome, coupled with precise CRISPR-based editing, now let us interrogate both branches at a granular resolution and rewire their regulatory circuitry.My thesis work leverages this modern toolkit to dissect and engineer immune memory on two fronts. First, I studied short-term memory formation in the innate immune system using primary macrophages as a model. Recent studies have demonstrated roles for epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprogramming in innate immune memory. In this work, I further investigate how three-dimensional chromatin architecture regulates macrophage responses to a secondary stimulus following initial IL-4 priming. Using base-pair- resolution Micro-Capture-C, I show that IL-4 establishes new enhancer-promoter loops, positioning Toll-like receptor, interferon-gamma, and glucocorticoid response elements adjacent to their target gene promoters. These IL-4-induced interactions amplify the secondary transcriptional response upon dexamethasone, IFN-γ, or LPS challenge. Precision editing of these loop anchors then enables targeted reprogramming of innate memory formation. Second, I turn to adaptive immunity and demonstrate that memory can be intentionally programmed into therapeutic T cells. Through pharmacologic inhibition, CRISPR editing, and lentiviral over-expression, I identify the pioneer transcription factor FOXO1 as a master regulator of human CAR-T persistence. FOXO1 over-expression creates a memory-like transcriptome, enhances chromatin accessibility at memory loci, preserves oxidative metabolism during chronic antigen stress, and yields superior tumor control in vivo. Loss of FOXO1 activity, by contrast, accelerates exhaustion and loss of efficacy. Analyses of patient-derived CAR-T and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte products confirm that endogenous FOXO1 levels correlate with clinical response.Together, these studies demonstrate the various layers of the immune system to encode immune memory such as in 3-dimensional chromatin architecture in macrophages and transcription factor driven chromatin remodeling in T cells. The final chapter looks ahead, outlining how single-cell multi-omics can better help us understand the immune memory formation, and how synthetic transcription factors, and generative AI models for sequence design can expand the search space for regulatory elements and create immunotherapies with better durability and safety.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aImmunotherapy
■650 4▼aGenomics
■650 4▼aGene loci
■650 4▼aBioengineering
■650 4▼aMedical research
■650 4▼aGenetics
■650 4▼aImmunology
■650 4▼aMedicine
■690 ▼a0202
■690 ▼a0369
■690 ▼a0982
■690 ▼a0564
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-05B.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360774▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


