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Immersive Virtual Environments and Patient-Centered Design in the Pediatric Healthcare Built Environment
Immersive Virtual Environments and Patient-Centered Design in the Pediatric Healthcare Built Environment
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103006
- ISBN
- 9798288864988
- DDC
- 614
- 서명/저자
- Immersive Virtual Environments and Patient-Centered Design in the Pediatric Healthcare Built Environment
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 396 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Caldas, Luisa.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Pediatric healthcare environments significantly influence the emotional, physiological, and psychological well-being of young patients and their families. Despite advancements in healthcare design, existing practices often fail to address pediatric patients' specialized needs fully. This dissertation investigates the integration of immersive technologies, biosensors, and participatory design methods to create pediatric healthcare environments that prioritize well-being and family-centered care. It addresses gaps in traditional design approaches by employing a mixed-methods framework that integrates virtual reality (VR), physiological monitoring, and participatory engagement to evaluate user-centered design interventions.The research begins with an exploratory phase involving semi-structured interviews with 15 experts, including architects, pediatric nurses, and child life specialists. Thematic analysis identified key priorities for pediatric healthcare design: flexibility, patient and family-centered, and sensory-friendly spaces that cater to diverse patient populations, including neurodivergent children. Experts also highlighted the potential of emerging technologies, such as VR and biosensors, to enhance patient engagement and operational efficiency while recognizing the implementation challenges in practice.A pilot study was designed to test tools to capture pediatric patients' and their families' needs and preferences, using art-based engagement techniques for children and surveys for parents. Preliminary findings revealed that children valued sensory-rich environments, access to nature, and personal spaces, while parents emphasized privacy, ease of caregiving, and stress-reducing design elements. These insights informed the subsequent studies, demonstrating the feasibility and importance of integrating participatory tools into healthcare design research. The dissertation presents two experimental studies to evaluate the impact of specific design features on pediatric patients and their families:Study 1: This study used VR and eye-tracking technologies to assess how children and parents perceive comfort, care, and likeability in pediatric acute care patient rooms. Using 32 photographic stimuli, we analyzed visual attention patterns and subjective preferences across different age groups. The study included 44 participants-23 children (ages 8-11 and 12-17) and 21 parents-who evaluated hospital rooms in a controlled within-subjects experimental design.Findings indicate that younger children exhibited longer gaze durations (p 0.0001) on vibrant, interactive features such as artwork, toys, and colorful curtains, associating them with comfort and familiarity. Older children prioritized privacy and autonomy, showing higher fixation rates (p = 0.041) on furniture that supported personal space and reduced social exposure. Parents exhibited the most extended fixation durations (p 0.0001) on large windows and decluttered spaces, suggesting a preference for designs that balance functionality and emotional comfort.Linear regression analysis revealed that window views, personal items, and seating areas significantly influenced comfort and care perceptions across all age groups (p 0.05). Younger children rated rooms with nature views and playful elements higher for comfort, while older children preferred rooms with neutral tones and designated family spaces. Parentsemphasized caregiving-supportive features such as seating for visitors and accessible storage.These findings underscore the importance of age-sensitive design considerations in pediatric healthcare settings. Younger children benefit from sensory-rich environments, older children require autonomy-supportive layouts, and parents prioritize family-oriented and stress-reducing features. This study highlights the potential of VR and eye-tracking as effective tools for capturing real-time, data-driven feedback to inform evidence-based hospital design that enhances pediatric patient and family well-being.Study 2: This study employed fully immersive VR environments to assess physiological, emotional, and visual responses to pediatric room layouts and design features. Using eye-tracking, facial electromyography (fEMG), and heart rate variability (HRV), we examined how children and parents responded to window size, social support areas, and artwork in inboard vs. outboard layouts. The study included 28 participants: eight younger children (ages 8-11), eight older children (ages 12-17), and twelve parents.Younger children exhibited significantly lower HR in outboard rooms with large windows (Inboard: 88.76 bpm, Outboard: 81.56 bpm, p = 0.003), indicating a calming effect. Older children also showed HR reductions (Inboard: 82.54 bpm, Outboard: 78.38 bpm, p = 0.090). HRV (RMSSD) was significantly higher in Outboard layouts with large windows (p = 0.045), suggesting improved relaxation. Eye-tracking data revealed longer fixations on large windows compared to small windows, particularly among younger children (p = 0.032). Subjective feedback emphasized that larger windows contributed to openness and relaxation, though older children expressed concerns about brightness and privacy.Findings indicate that younger children exhibited positive emotional engagement with vibrant artwork (higher zygomaticus activity, p = 0.048). At the same time, high-visibility areas (e.g., glazed corridor walls) increased stress responses (higher corrugator activation, p = 0.041). Older children displayed heightened stress in Nurse View Window rooms (p = 0.018), reinforcing their preference for privacy. Parents prioritized caregiving-supportive features, favoring large windows and social spaces, which correlated with higher HRV (p = 0.045) and reduced stress responses.Eye-tracking data revealed significantly longer fixation durations on large windows (p = 0.032), linking them to visual engagement and emotional regulation. Younger children fixated more frequently on artwork. Heart rate data showed that outboard layouts increased arousal (higher HR, p = 0.003), whereas inboard layouts promoted relaxation (higher HRV, p =0.045).The 'Super Room' which integrated multiple design features, elicited mixed responses. Younger children experienced cognitive overload (shorter fixation durations, more frequent gaze shifts), while older children engaged more with structured social spaces. In terms of specific room rankings, younger children and parents ranked the Art Room highest in the outboard layout, whereas older children showed a preference for the Panoramic Window Room. The Small Window Room consistently received the lowest rankings across all groups. In the inboard layout, younger children and parents again favored the Art and Social Support Rooms, while older children ranked the Art Room lower and the Large Window Room highest.These findings underscore the importance of age-sensitive hospital room design. While younger children benefit from sensory-rich environments, older children require privacy, and parents seek stress-reducing spatial configurations. These insights support the development of evidence-based pediatric healthcare environments that enhance psychological comfort, engagement, and well-being.The dissertation also demonstrates the application of biosensors-including HRV, fEMG, and eye-tracking-to capture objective physiological responses to environmental stimuli. Combined with subjective feedback, these metrics provide a comprehensive understanding of how specific design elements influence stress, arousal, and emotional comfort. Key contributions of this research include introducing an innovative participatory design approach that integrates VR simulations and biosensor data to evaluate and inform pediatric healthcare environments, identifying age-specific preferences and needs in room design that emphasize sensory engagement and autonomy-supportive features for children, as well as family-centered spaces for caregiving and stress reduction, and providing evidence-based recommendations for architects, healthcare designers, and policymakers to create inclusive, supportive, and healing environments tailored to the needs of pediatric patients and their families.This dissertation provides a framework for integrating immersive technologies and physiological metrics into pediatric healthcare design practices, validated through empirical studies.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The findings highlight the role of user-centered approaches that address emotional comfort, family involvement, and the adaptability of spaces to diverse needs. By combining participatory design with tools such as virtual reality (VR) and biosensors, this research offers evidence-based recommendations for architects, healthcare providers, and policymakers to design environments that reduce stress, support healing, and improve care outcomes for pediatric patients and their families.
- 일반주제명
- Public health
- 일반주제명
- Pediatrics
- 키워드
- Eye tracking
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Architecture
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■1001 ▼aSathyanarayanan, Haripriya.
■24510▼aImmersive Virtual Environments and Patient-Centered Design in the Pediatric Healthcare Built Environment
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a396 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Caldas, Luisa.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aPediatric healthcare environments significantly influence the emotional, physiological, and psychological well-being of young patients and their families. Despite advancements in healthcare design, existing practices often fail to address pediatric patients' specialized needs fully. This dissertation investigates the integration of immersive technologies, biosensors, and participatory design methods to create pediatric healthcare environments that prioritize well-being and family-centered care. It addresses gaps in traditional design approaches by employing a mixed-methods framework that integrates virtual reality (VR), physiological monitoring, and participatory engagement to evaluate user-centered design interventions.The research begins with an exploratory phase involving semi-structured interviews with 15 experts, including architects, pediatric nurses, and child life specialists. Thematic analysis identified key priorities for pediatric healthcare design: flexibility, patient and family-centered, and sensory-friendly spaces that cater to diverse patient populations, including neurodivergent children. Experts also highlighted the potential of emerging technologies, such as VR and biosensors, to enhance patient engagement and operational efficiency while recognizing the implementation challenges in practice.A pilot study was designed to test tools to capture pediatric patients' and their families' needs and preferences, using art-based engagement techniques for children and surveys for parents. Preliminary findings revealed that children valued sensory-rich environments, access to nature, and personal spaces, while parents emphasized privacy, ease of caregiving, and stress-reducing design elements. These insights informed the subsequent studies, demonstrating the feasibility and importance of integrating participatory tools into healthcare design research. The dissertation presents two experimental studies to evaluate the impact of specific design features on pediatric patients and their families:Study 1: This study used VR and eye-tracking technologies to assess how children and parents perceive comfort, care, and likeability in pediatric acute care patient rooms. Using 32 photographic stimuli, we analyzed visual attention patterns and subjective preferences across different age groups. The study included 44 participants-23 children (ages 8-11 and 12-17) and 21 parents-who evaluated hospital rooms in a controlled within-subjects experimental design.Findings indicate that younger children exhibited longer gaze durations (p 0.0001) on vibrant, interactive features such as artwork, toys, and colorful curtains, associating them with comfort and familiarity. Older children prioritized privacy and autonomy, showing higher fixation rates (p = 0.041) on furniture that supported personal space and reduced social exposure. Parents exhibited the most extended fixation durations (p 0.0001) on large windows and decluttered spaces, suggesting a preference for designs that balance functionality and emotional comfort.Linear regression analysis revealed that window views, personal items, and seating areas significantly influenced comfort and care perceptions across all age groups (p 0.05). Younger children rated rooms with nature views and playful elements higher for comfort, while older children preferred rooms with neutral tones and designated family spaces. Parentsemphasized caregiving-supportive features such as seating for visitors and accessible storage.These findings underscore the importance of age-sensitive design considerations in pediatric healthcare settings. Younger children benefit from sensory-rich environments, older children require autonomy-supportive layouts, and parents prioritize family-oriented and stress-reducing features. This study highlights the potential of VR and eye-tracking as effective tools for capturing real-time, data-driven feedback to inform evidence-based hospital design that enhances pediatric patient and family well-being.Study 2: This study employed fully immersive VR environments to assess physiological, emotional, and visual responses to pediatric room layouts and design features. Using eye-tracking, facial electromyography (fEMG), and heart rate variability (HRV), we examined how children and parents responded to window size, social support areas, and artwork in inboard vs. outboard layouts. The study included 28 participants: eight younger children (ages 8-11), eight older children (ages 12-17), and twelve parents.Younger children exhibited significantly lower HR in outboard rooms with large windows (Inboard: 88.76 bpm, Outboard: 81.56 bpm, p = 0.003), indicating a calming effect. Older children also showed HR reductions (Inboard: 82.54 bpm, Outboard: 78.38 bpm, p = 0.090). HRV (RMSSD) was significantly higher in Outboard layouts with large windows (p = 0.045), suggesting improved relaxation. Eye-tracking data revealed longer fixations on large windows compared to small windows, particularly among younger children (p = 0.032). Subjective feedback emphasized that larger windows contributed to openness and relaxation, though older children expressed concerns about brightness and privacy.Findings indicate that younger children exhibited positive emotional engagement with vibrant artwork (higher zygomaticus activity, p = 0.048). At the same time, high-visibility areas (e.g., glazed corridor walls) increased stress responses (higher corrugator activation, p = 0.041). Older children displayed heightened stress in Nurse View Window rooms (p = 0.018), reinforcing their preference for privacy. Parents prioritized caregiving-supportive features, favoring large windows and social spaces, which correlated with higher HRV (p = 0.045) and reduced stress responses.Eye-tracking data revealed significantly longer fixation durations on large windows (p = 0.032), linking them to visual engagement and emotional regulation. Younger children fixated more frequently on artwork. Heart rate data showed that outboard layouts increased arousal (higher HR, p = 0.003), whereas inboard layouts promoted relaxation (higher HRV, p =0.045).The 'Super Room' which integrated multiple design features, elicited mixed responses. Younger children experienced cognitive overload (shorter fixation durations, more frequent gaze shifts), while older children engaged more with structured social spaces. In terms of specific room rankings, younger children and parents ranked the Art Room highest in the outboard layout, whereas older children showed a preference for the Panoramic Window Room. The Small Window Room consistently received the lowest rankings across all groups. In the inboard layout, younger children and parents again favored the Art and Social Support Rooms, while older children ranked the Art Room lower and the Large Window Room highest.These findings underscore the importance of age-sensitive hospital room design. While younger children benefit from sensory-rich environments, older children require privacy, and parents seek stress-reducing spatial configurations. These insights support the development of evidence-based pediatric healthcare environments that enhance psychological comfort, engagement, and well-being.The dissertation also demonstrates the application of biosensors-including HRV, fEMG, and eye-tracking-to capture objective physiological responses to environmental stimuli. Combined with subjective feedback, these metrics provide a comprehensive understanding of how specific design elements influence stress, arousal, and emotional comfort. Key contributions of this research include introducing an innovative participatory design approach that integrates VR simulations and biosensor data to evaluate and inform pediatric healthcare environments, identifying age-specific preferences and needs in room design that emphasize sensory engagement and autonomy-supportive features for children, as well as family-centered spaces for caregiving and stress reduction, and providing evidence-based recommendations for architects, healthcare designers, and policymakers to create inclusive, supportive, and healing environments tailored to the needs of pediatric patients and their families.This dissertation provides a framework for integrating immersive technologies and physiological metrics into pediatric healthcare design practices, validated through empirical studies.
■520 ▼aThe findings highlight the role of user-centered approaches that address emotional comfort, family involvement, and the adaptability of spaces to diverse needs. By combining participatory design with tools such as virtual reality (VR) and biosensors, this research offers evidence-based recommendations for architects, healthcare providers, and policymakers to design environments that reduce stress, support healing, and improve care outcomes for pediatric patients and their families.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aPublic health
■650 4▼aPediatrics
■653 ▼aEvidence-based design
■653 ▼aEye tracking
■653 ▼aImmersive virtual environments
■653 ▼aPediatric healthcare environments
■690 ▼a0729
■690 ▼a0573
■690 ▼a0767
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bArchitecture.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356631▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


