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The Role of Macrophage Efferocytosis in Bone
The Role of Macrophage Efferocytosis in Bone
The Role of Macrophage Efferocytosis in Bone

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103639
ISBN  
9798314884881
DDC  
574
저자명  
Kannan, Rahasudha.
서명/저자  
The Role of Macrophage Efferocytosis in Bone
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
105 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Baker, Brendon M.;McCauley, Laurie Kay.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Bone tissue can repair itself after injury and is constantly remodeled by bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts during homeostasis. As 50-70% of bone-lining osteoblasts ultimately undergo apoptosis, dead/dying cell clearance is crucial for normal tissue function. Macrophages are professional phagocytes that clear out apoptotic cells (AC) in an extremely efficient process called efferocytosis. In fact, billions of AC in the human body are cleared daily. Defective efferocytosis has been implicated in many chronic inflammatory diseases and in impaired bone repair. Though known to be crucial for bone remodeling during homeostasis and repair after injury, the mechanisms underlying post-efferocytosis macrophage reprogramming towards reparative activity in bone are still unclear. The inherent heterogeneity and plasticity of macrophages, which enables them to rapidly respond to environmental cues, poses an additional challenge in characterizing the effects of this important process. Efferocytic macrophages may aid in bone remodeling and repair in multiple ways: by producing various factors that promote an anti-inflammatory environment, facilitating continual efferocytosis, recruiting osteogenic precursor cells, and influencing the balance of bone anabolism vs. catabolism. The overall focus of this dissertation is to 1) characterize efferocytic macrophages with AC relevant to bone and 2) identify factors that were elevated in macrophages post-efferocytosis and investigate their impact on bone remodeling and repair.This thesis firstly focuses on CCL2 and its role in mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell (MSPC) recruitment and early fracture repair. As a pleiotropic factor known to influence bone remodeling, AC-specific upregulation of CCL2 in efferocytic macrophages was notable. In vitro migration assays and Ccr2-/- (KO) murine models were utilized to investigate the relevance of CCL/R2 signaling to MSPC chemotaxis. Both collagen type 1 hydrogel migration assays and subcutaneous ossicle implantation in KO mice demonstrated that CCL/R2 signaling positively regulates MSPC migration. Next, the relevance of CCL/R2 signaling in early bone repair (5- & 7-days post injury) was probed using an ulnar stress fracture model in KO and WT mice and evaluated using standard micro-CT and immunohistochemistry techniques. While the callus formed in KO mice had increased bone, no significant changes in osteoprogenitors within the callus were seen at these early time points.Subsequently, this thesis broadens its scope to further characterize efferocytic macrophages and elucidate the bone-specific impacts of efferocytosis-induced factors. Using transcriptomics data from bone marrow-derived macrophages engulfing apoptotic osteoblasts, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed two subpopulations of macrophages unique to efferocytosis that exhibited profiles of enhanced glycolytic energy metabolism with anti-inflammatory activity. Various molecular biology methods confirmed increased expression of key enzymes, solute carriers, and metabolites involved in glycolysis, including lactate. As a metabolite with emerging roles in macrophage reprogramming, lactate was examined further for its effects on cells involved in bone homeostasis-osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and macrophages. Lactate exposure reduced osteoclast differentiation, while increasing anti-inflammatory and decreasing pro-inflammatory gene expression in macrophages.Overall, the work presented in this dissertation utilizes molecular biology and bioinformatics approaches to study efferocytosis in bone remodeling and repair. The data reported demonstrate a clear transformation of macrophages post-efferocytosis, with ensuing modulation of various factors and processes that promote reparative activity in the osteogenic microenvironment. Furthermore, the approach of probing efferocytosis in a tissue-specific manner used in this thesis provides avenues for more in-depth investigation of macrophage contributions to bone, including several efferocytosis-modulated targets that require further exploration using multiomic tools and apoptosis & injury models.
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Biomedical engineering
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Biomechanics
일반주제명  
Immunology
키워드  
Macrophage efferocytosis
키워드  
Osteoimmunology
키워드  
Bone remodeling
키워드  
Immunometabolism
키워드  
Single-cell RNA sequencing
기타저자  
University of Michigan Biomedical Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a105  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Baker,  Brendon  M.;McCauley,  Laurie  Kay.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aBone  tissue  can  repair  itself  after  injury  and  is  constantly  remodeled  by  bone-forming  osteoblasts  and  bone-resorbing  osteoclasts  during  homeostasis.  As  50-70%  of  bone-lining  osteoblasts  ultimately  undergo  apoptosis,  dead/dying  cell  clearance  is  crucial  for  normal  tissue  function.  Macrophages  are  professional  phagocytes  that  clear  out  apoptotic  cells  (AC)  in  an  extremely  efficient  process  called  efferocytosis.  In  fact,  billions  of  AC  in  the  human  body  are  cleared  daily.  Defective  efferocytosis  has  been  implicated  in  many  chronic  inflammatory  diseases  and  in  impaired  bone  repair.  Though  known  to  be  crucial  for  bone  remodeling  during  homeostasis  and  repair  after  injury,  the  mechanisms  underlying  post-efferocytosis  macrophage  reprogramming  towards  reparative  activity  in  bone  are  still  unclear.  The  inherent  heterogeneity  and  plasticity  of  macrophages,  which  enables  them  to  rapidly  respond  to  environmental  cues,  poses  an  additional  challenge  in  characterizing  the  effects  of  this  important  process.  Efferocytic  macrophages  may  aid  in  bone  remodeling  and  repair  in  multiple  ways:  by  producing  various  factors  that  promote  an  anti-inflammatory  environment,  facilitating  continual  efferocytosis,  recruiting  osteogenic  precursor  cells,  and  influencing  the  balance  of  bone  anabolism  vs.  catabolism.  The  overall  focus  of  this  dissertation  is  to  1)  characterize  efferocytic  macrophages  with  AC  relevant  to  bone  and  2)  identify  factors  that  were  elevated  in  macrophages  post-efferocytosis  and  investigate  their  impact  on  bone  remodeling  and  repair.This  thesis  firstly  focuses  on  CCL2  and  its  role  in  mesenchymal  stem/progenitor  cell  (MSPC)  recruitment  and  early  fracture  repair.  As  a  pleiotropic  factor  known  to  influence  bone  remodeling,  AC-specific  upregulation  of  CCL2  in  efferocytic  macrophages  was  notable.  In  vitro  migration  assays  and  Ccr2-/-  (KO)  murine  models  were  utilized  to  investigate  the  relevance  of  CCL/R2  signaling  to  MSPC  chemotaxis.  Both  collagen  type  1  hydrogel  migration  assays  and  subcutaneous  ossicle  implantation  in  KO  mice  demonstrated  that  CCL/R2  signaling  positively  regulates  MSPC  migration.  Next,  the  relevance  of  CCL/R2  signaling  in  early  bone  repair  (5-  &  7-days  post  injury)  was  probed  using  an  ulnar  stress  fracture  model  in  KO  and  WT  mice  and  evaluated  using  standard  micro-CT  and  immunohistochemistry  techniques.  While  the  callus  formed  in  KO  mice  had  increased  bone,  no  significant  changes  in  osteoprogenitors  within  the  callus  were  seen  at  these  early  time  points.Subsequently,  this  thesis  broadens  its  scope  to  further  characterize  efferocytic  macrophages  and  elucidate  the  bone-specific  impacts  of  efferocytosis-induced  factors.  Using  transcriptomics  data  from  bone  marrow-derived  macrophages  engulfing  apoptotic  osteoblasts,  single-cell  RNA  sequencing  analysis  revealed  two  subpopulations  of  macrophages  unique  to  efferocytosis  that  exhibited  profiles  of  enhanced  glycolytic  energy  metabolism  with  anti-inflammatory  activity.  Various  molecular  biology  methods  confirmed  increased  expression  of  key  enzymes,  solute  carriers,  and  metabolites  involved  in  glycolysis,  including  lactate.  As  a  metabolite  with  emerging  roles  in  macrophage  reprogramming,  lactate  was  examined  further  for  its  effects  on  cells  involved  in  bone  homeostasis-osteoblasts,  osteoclasts,  and  macrophages.  Lactate  exposure  reduced  osteoclast  differentiation,  while  increasing  anti-inflammatory  and  decreasing  pro-inflammatory  gene  expression  in  macrophages.Overall,  the  work  presented  in  this  dissertation  utilizes  molecular  biology  and  bioinformatics  approaches  to  study  efferocytosis  in  bone  remodeling  and  repair.  The  data  reported  demonstrate  a  clear  transformation  of  macrophages  post-efferocytosis,  with  ensuing  modulation  of  various  factors  and  processes  that  promote  reparative  activity  in  the  osteogenic  microenvironment.  Furthermore,  the  approach  of  probing  efferocytosis  in  a  tissue-specific  manner  used  in  this  thesis  provides  avenues  for  more  in-depth  investigation  of  macrophage  contributions  to  bone,  including  several  efferocytosis-modulated  targets  that  require  further  exploration  using  multiomic  tools  and  apoptosis  &  injury  models.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aBiomedical  engineering
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aBiomechanics
■650  4▼aImmunology
■653    ▼aMacrophage  efferocytosis
■653    ▼aOsteoimmunology
■653    ▼aBone  remodeling
■653    ▼aImmunometabolism
■653    ▼aSingle-cell  RNA  sequencing
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■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0715
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■690    ▼a0648
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bBiomedical  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-11B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358070▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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