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Associations Between Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution, Neighborhood Physical Disinvestment, and Incident Diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Associations Between Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution, Neighborhood Physical Disinvestment,...
Associations Between Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution, Neighborhood Physical Disinvestment, and Incident Diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104655
ISBN  
9798288822872
DDC  
613
저자명  
Smith, Cara.
서명/저자  
Associations Between Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution, Neighborhood Physical Disinvestment, and Incident Diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Washington, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
151 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kaufman, Joel.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) include genetics, age, adiposity, diet, physical activity (PA) levels and environmental conditions. Putative environmental risk factors include exposure to air pollution-- specifically traffic-related air pollutants--and neighborhood conditions. A meta-analysis by Yang et al. of 11 studies reported an association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and incident T2D (HR= 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.17 per 10 μg/m3 increment). Studies on NO2 have been limited and associations more mixed for incident T2D. There have previously been a limited number of studies on neighborhood environment, specifically neighborhood physical disinvestment (formerly referred to as disorder), and T2D. Disinvestment in the built environment is a result of systemic social and economic processes that deprive areas of resources needed to maintain and develop physical environments. Disinvestment is reflected in visual indicators of deterioration and neglect, and is a concern for health as areas of high disinvestment may reduce resident's ability and willingness to engage in PA. Increasing neighborhood disorder has also been found to interact with genetic risk of T2D, as those with higher polygenic score for T2D (a summary of genome-wide genetic risk) living in neighborhoods of higher levels of disorder had a greater risk of T2D. Data on air pollution, neighborhood environment, and T2D risk is limited and even more so in Hispanic/Latino populations and subgroups at high risk of diabetes. This dissertation addresses those data gaps in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a longitudinal community-based cohort study of 16,415 self-identified Hispanic/Latinos recruited between 2008 and 2011 from the Bronx, Chicago, Miami, and San Diego. Yearly follow-up calls were conducted and a second visit occurred between 2014-2017. Laboratory analysis from both exams includes fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Diabetes was defined in two way: the primary definition for diabetes required a FPG ≥126 mg/dL; HbA1c level ≥6.5%; post-OGTT glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL; and/or self-reported use of antihyperglycemic drugs, and the secondary definition included all those who fit the primary definition of T2D and additionally includes those who self-reported diabetes or high sugar in their blood. Additionally, different progression of diabetes were investigated and pre-diabetes was defined as having a FPG ≥100 mg/dL and 126 mg/dL; and HbA1c level ≥5.7% and 6.5%.10 The different progression of diabetes were: 1) progression from pre-diabetes to diabetes, where the sample only included those with pre-diabetes at baseline, 2) Progression of those free of diabetes and pre-diabetes to diabetes and 3) progression of those free of diabetes and pre-diabetes at baseline to pre-diabetes at visit 2.The first aim of this dissertation focuses on estimating long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and NO2 in HCHS/SOL cohort members and the association of these pollutants with incident diabetes, and if these associations are modified by physical activity levels and/or adiposity. A spatiotemporal model was used to estimate air pollution exposure at residential addresses. Individual survey-weighted Poisson regression models were used to assess the association between each air pollutant's average concentration over the follow-up period and incident diabetes at visit 2. Of the 8248 participants free of diabetes (primary definition) at visit 1, there were 950 incident diabetes cases at visit 2 with an age-centered adjusted incidence rate of 16.3 per 1000 person-years. For the secondary diabetes definition, 8129 participants were free of diabetes at visit 1 and there were 1354 incident cases by visit 2 with an age-centered adjusted incidence rate of 24.5 per 1000 person-years. When utilizing the primary definition of diabetes, a 2.48 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 27% increased risk of incident diabetes when adjusting for age and sex (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.49). An 8.69 ppb increase in NO2 was associated with a 22% increased risk of incident diabetes when adjusting for age and sex (IRR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08 - 1.37). Associations with both PM2.5 and NO2 were attenuated and no longer statistically significant when adjusting for years living in the US, income, educational attainment, family history of diabetes, neighborhood SES, waist circumference, and study center/ethnic heritage. There was no evidence of effect modification by physical activity or waist circumference. When adjusting for our main set of covariates at each study center, higher exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 were only associated with increased risk of incident diabetes at the Bronx study center. Future studies should continue to investigate the association between PM2.5 and NO2 and incident diabetes in a less spatially clustered cohort with a longer follow-up period. Future studies should also continue to investigate the potential modifying effects of physical activity and adiposity. The second aim of this dissertation focused on generating neighborhood disinvestment scores for each participants' residential address in the HCHS/SOL and investigated the association between baseline neighborhood disinvestment and incident diabetes at visit 2. A virtual street audit of Google Street View Imagery was conducted and an item response theory model was fit to indicators (litter, graffiti, under-maintained buildings, bars on windows, and abandoned buildings) to form a scale measuring a latent level of disinvestment. Ordinary kriging was used to estimate levels for each residential address within the HCHS/SOL census tracts via spatial interpolation. Covariate-adjusted and survey-weighted Poisson regression models were used to investigate the association between neighborhood disinvestment and incident diabetes at visit 2 among 9120 participants free of diabetes at visit 1. A sensitivity analysis among those who did not move during the follow-up period was conducted as well. A one-standard deviation increase in neighborhood disinvestment score was associated with a 13% (95% CI: 1%-23%) lower risk of incident diabetes when adjusting for age, sex, education, income, study center/heritage, years in the US, family history, and a neighborhood socioeconomic index. Our sensitivity analysis yielded qualitatively similar results with lower precision. Overall, our analysis does not support the hypothesis that neighborhood physical disinvestment is associated with incident type 2 diabetes in this Hispanic/Latino population. Future studies should continue to evaluate the role of food environment, greenspace, and physical activity when considering neighborhood scale infrastructure impacts on diabetes risk.
일반주제명  
Environmental health
일반주제명  
Hispanic American studies
일반주제명  
Environmental engineering
키워드  
Air pollution
키워드  
Hispanic community health study/study of latinos
키워드  
Neighborhood environment
키워드  
Type 2 diabetes
기타저자  
University of Washington Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aSmith,  Cara.
■24510▼aAssociations  Between  Long-Term  Ambient  Air  Pollution,  Neighborhood  Physical  Disinvestment,  and  Incident  Diabetes  in  the  Hispanic  Community  Health  Study/Study  of  Latinos
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Washington▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a151  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kaufman,  Joel.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Washington,  2025.
■520    ▼aRisk  factors  for  type  2  diabetes  (T2D)  include  genetics,  age,  adiposity,  diet,  physical  activity  (PA)  levels  and  environmental  conditions.  Putative  environmental  risk  factors  include  exposure  to  air  pollution--  specifically  traffic-related  air  pollutants--and  neighborhood  conditions.  A  meta-analysis  by  Yang  et  al.  of  11  studies  reported  an  association  between  fine  particulate  matter  (PM2.5)  and  incident  T2D  (HR=  1.10,  95%  CI:  1.04-1.17  per  10  μg/m3  increment).  Studies  on  NO2  have  been  limited  and  associations  more  mixed  for  incident  T2D.  There  have  previously  been  a  limited  number  of  studies  on  neighborhood  environment,  specifically  neighborhood  physical  disinvestment  (formerly  referred  to  as  disorder),  and  T2D.  Disinvestment  in  the  built  environment  is  a  result  of  systemic  social  and  economic  processes  that  deprive  areas  of  resources  needed  to  maintain  and  develop  physical  environments.  Disinvestment  is  reflected  in  visual  indicators  of  deterioration  and  neglect,  and  is  a  concern  for  health  as  areas  of  high  disinvestment  may  reduce  resident's  ability  and  willingness  to  engage  in  PA.  Increasing  neighborhood  disorder  has  also  been  found  to  interact  with  genetic  risk  of  T2D,  as  those  with  higher  polygenic  score  for  T2D  (a  summary  of  genome-wide  genetic  risk)  living  in  neighborhoods  of  higher  levels  of  disorder  had  a  greater  risk  of  T2D.  Data  on  air  pollution,  neighborhood  environment,  and  T2D  risk  is  limited  and  even  more  so  in  Hispanic/Latino  populations  and  subgroups  at  high  risk  of  diabetes.  This  dissertation  addresses  those  data  gaps  in  the  Hispanic  Community  Health  Study/Study  of  Latinos  (HCHS/SOL),  a  longitudinal  community-based  cohort  study  of  16,415  self-identified  Hispanic/Latinos  recruited  between  2008  and  2011  from  the  Bronx,  Chicago,  Miami,  and  San  Diego.  Yearly  follow-up  calls  were  conducted  and  a  second  visit  occurred  between  2014-2017.  Laboratory  analysis  from  both  exams  includes  fasting  plasma  glucose  (FPG)  and  Glycosylated  hemoglobin  (HbA1c).  Diabetes  was  defined  in  two  way:  the  primary  definition  for  diabetes  required  a  FPG  ≥126  mg/dL;  HbA1c  level  ≥6.5%;  post-OGTT  glucose  ≥  200  mg/dL;  and/or  self-reported  use  of  antihyperglycemic  drugs,  and  the  secondary  definition  included  all  those  who  fit  the  primary  definition  of  T2D  and  additionally  includes  those  who  self-reported  diabetes  or  high  sugar  in  their  blood.  Additionally,  different  progression  of  diabetes  were  investigated  and  pre-diabetes  was  defined  as  having  a  FPG  ≥100  mg/dL  and  126  mg/dL;  and  HbA1c  level  ≥5.7%  and  6.5%.10  The  different  progression  of  diabetes  were:  1)  progression  from  pre-diabetes  to  diabetes,  where  the  sample  only  included  those  with  pre-diabetes  at  baseline,  2)  Progression  of  those  free  of  diabetes  and  pre-diabetes  to  diabetes  and  3)  progression  of  those  free  of  diabetes  and  pre-diabetes  at  baseline  to  pre-diabetes  at  visit  2.The  first  aim  of  this  dissertation  focuses  on  estimating  long-term  exposure  to  ambient  PM2.5  and  NO2  in  HCHS/SOL  cohort  members  and  the  association  of  these  pollutants  with  incident  diabetes,  and  if  these  associations  are  modified  by  physical  activity  levels  and/or  adiposity.  A  spatiotemporal  model  was  used  to  estimate  air  pollution  exposure  at  residential  addresses.  Individual  survey-weighted  Poisson  regression  models  were  used  to  assess  the  association  between  each  air  pollutant's  average  concentration  over  the  follow-up  period  and  incident  diabetes  at  visit  2.  Of  the  8248  participants  free  of  diabetes  (primary  definition)  at  visit  1,  there  were  950  incident  diabetes  cases  at  visit  2  with  an  age-centered  adjusted  incidence  rate  of  16.3  per  1000  person-years.  For  the  secondary  diabetes  definition,  8129  participants  were  free  of  diabetes  at  visit  1  and  there  were  1354  incident  cases  by  visit  2  with  an  age-centered  adjusted  incidence  rate  of  24.5  per  1000  person-years.  When  utilizing  the  primary  definition  of  diabetes,  a  2.48  μg/m3  increase  in  PM2.5  was  associated  with  a  27%  increased  risk  of  incident  diabetes  when  adjusting  for  age  and  sex  (IRR  =  1.27,  95%  CI:  1.09  -  1.49).  An  8.69  ppb  increase  in  NO2  was  associated  with  a  22%  increased  risk  of  incident  diabetes  when  adjusting  for  age  and  sex  (IRR  =  1.22,  95%  CI:  1.08  -  1.37).  Associations  with  both  PM2.5  and  NO2  were  attenuated  and  no  longer  statistically  significant  when  adjusting  for  years  living  in  the  US,  income,  educational  attainment,  family  history  of  diabetes,  neighborhood  SES,  waist  circumference,  and  study  center/ethnic  heritage.  There  was  no  evidence  of  effect  modification  by  physical  activity  or  waist  circumference.  When  adjusting  for  our  main  set  of  covariates  at  each  study  center,  higher  exposure  to  PM2.5  and  NO2  were  only  associated  with  increased  risk  of  incident  diabetes  at  the  Bronx  study  center.  Future  studies  should  continue  to  investigate  the  association  between  PM2.5  and  NO2  and  incident  diabetes  in  a  less  spatially  clustered  cohort  with  a  longer  follow-up  period.  Future  studies  should  also  continue  to  investigate  the  potential  modifying  effects  of  physical  activity  and  adiposity.  The  second  aim  of  this  dissertation  focused  on  generating  neighborhood  disinvestment  scores  for  each  participants'  residential  address  in  the  HCHS/SOL  and  investigated  the  association  between  baseline  neighborhood  disinvestment  and  incident  diabetes  at  visit  2.  A  virtual  street  audit  of  Google  Street  View  Imagery  was  conducted  and  an  item  response  theory  model  was  fit  to  indicators  (litter,  graffiti,  under-maintained  buildings,  bars  on  windows,  and  abandoned  buildings)  to  form  a  scale  measuring  a  latent  level  of  disinvestment.  Ordinary  kriging  was  used  to  estimate  levels  for  each  residential  address  within  the  HCHS/SOL  census  tracts  via  spatial  interpolation.  Covariate-adjusted  and  survey-weighted  Poisson  regression  models  were  used  to  investigate  the  association  between  neighborhood  disinvestment  and  incident  diabetes  at  visit  2  among  9120  participants  free  of  diabetes  at  visit  1.  A  sensitivity  analysis  among  those  who  did  not  move  during  the  follow-up  period  was  conducted  as  well.  A  one-standard  deviation  increase  in  neighborhood  disinvestment  score  was  associated  with  a  13%  (95%  CI:  1%-23%)  lower  risk  of  incident  diabetes  when  adjusting  for  age,  sex,  education,  income,  study  center/heritage,  years  in  the  US,  family  history,  and  a  neighborhood  socioeconomic  index.  Our  sensitivity  analysis  yielded  qualitatively  similar  results  with  lower  precision.  Overall,  our  analysis  does  not  support  the  hypothesis  that  neighborhood  physical  disinvestment  is  associated  with  incident  type  2  diabetes  in  this  Hispanic/Latino  population.  Future  studies  should  continue  to  evaluate  the  role  of  food  environment,  greenspace,  and  physical  activity  when  considering  neighborhood  scale  infrastructure  impacts  on  diabetes  risk.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0250.
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  health
■650  4▼aHispanic  American  studies
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  engineering
■653    ▼aAir  pollution
■653    ▼aHispanic  community  health  study/study  of  latinos
■653    ▼aNeighborhood  environment
■653    ▼aType  2  diabetes
■690    ▼a0470
■690    ▼a0775
■690    ▼a0737
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Washington▼bEnvironmental  and  Occupational  Health  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01A.
■790    ▼a0250
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358394▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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