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Discovery and SAR-Guided Development of Small-Molecule SERCA2a Activators for Cardiovascular Applications
Discovery and SAR-Guided Development of Small-Molecule SERCA2a Activators for Cardiovascul...
Discovery and SAR-Guided Development of Small-Molecule SERCA2a Activators for Cardiovascular Applications

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105227
ISBN  
9798291566701
DDC  
615
저자명  
Ard, Adam L.
서명/저자  
Discovery and SAR-Guided Development of Small-Molecule SERCA2a Activators for Cardiovascular Applications
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
493 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Clasby, Martin.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, affecting over six million Americans and placing an increasing burden on healthcare systems as its prevalence rises with the aging population. Despite pharmacological advancements, current treatment strategies remain largely symptom-focused, targeting parameters like blood pressure and fluid overload rather than the molecular dysfunctions driving disease progression. One hallmark of HF pathophysiology is reduced expression and function of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a), an ATP-dependent pump that re-sequesters cytosolic calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during diastole. This dysfunction impairs cytosolic Ca2+ clearance and SR reuptake, contributing to poor cardiac relaxation and contractile inefficiency. Pharmacological activation of SERCA2a has emerged as a promising strategy to restore intracellular calcium handling, but the development of small-molecule activators has been hindered by poor potency, insufficient selectivity, and limited structure-activity relationship (SAR) data.This dissertation describes the discovery and SAR-guided development of small-molecule SERCA2a activators. Hits were identified using a ligand-based virtual screening platform trained on known SERCA2a activators and applied to a diverse natural product library. Three molecules-Alpinoid D, Yakuchinone A, and 6-paradol-enhanced ATPase activity in SERCA2a-enriched microsomes and served as starting points for systematic hit-to-lead development. These scaffolds shared a common three-region pharmacophore: a methoxyphenol head, electrophilic linker, and hydrophobic alkyl or aryl tail. Through modular synthetic strategies and iterative SAR development, over 80 analogs were designed, synthesized, and evaluated using an NADH-linked ATPase activity assay in SERCA2a-enriched microsomes, directly quantifying activation or inhibition relative to untreated controls at physiologically relevant calcium concentrations.These efforts produced 34 modulators-20 activators, 8 dual-effectors, and 6 inhibitors-comprising the largest library of SERCA2a-targeting small molecules reported to date. Several analogs, including indoline, benzofuran, and benzodioxole derivatives, enhanced maximal ATPase activity by up to 57% at low micromolar concentrations (EC50= 0.7-9.0 µM). SAR trends revealed distinct structural requirements across the three pharmacophoric regions. Moderate tail hydrophobicity favored activation, while excessive bulk hindered efficacy. Linker polarity and rigidity impacted performance, favoring flexible, hydrogen bond-accepting functionalities. The head region tolerated diverse modifications, with variations in fused ring size, substitution pattern, heteroatom content, and aromatic character yielding generally consistent ATPase activation. Although the precise binding site remains undefined, we hypothesize a mechanism involving direct or membrane-mediated engagement at an allosteric site within SERCA2a's hydrophobic transmembrane domain, as supported by consistent activation among highly lipophilic analogs (clogD7.4 ~ 8.0).A key mechanistic insight emerged from this SAR campaign: ATPase activity was strongly and inversely correlated with Ca2+ affinity (r= -0.75), suggesting that increased SERCA2a activity comes at the expense of calcium binding. This represents the first systematic evidence that small-molecule SERCA2a activation generally reduces the pump's apparent affinity for calcium. While additional studies are needed to determine whether this trade-off is chemotype-specific or more universal, the observed correlation provides valuable insight into the mechanistic consequences of SERCA2a modulation.In summary, this work defines structural features associated with SERCA2a ATPase modulation, establishes several chemically tractable scaffolds, and identifies a novel functional relationship between activation and calcium affinity. Although compound properties such as isoform selectivity, pharmacokinetics, and in vivo efficacy remain to be explored, these findings lay a foundation for the development of next-generation SERCA2a-targeted therapeutics and provide valuable tool compounds for further investigation of calcium handling dysfunction in HF and related pathologies.
일반주제명  
Pharmacology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
키워드  
Calcium handling dysfunction
키워드  
Heart failure
키워드  
Mortality
기타저자  
University of Michigan Medicinal Chemistry
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aArd,  Adam  L.
■24510▼aDiscovery  and  SAR-Guided  Development  of  Small-Molecule  SERCA2a  Activators  for  Cardiovascular  Applications
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a493  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Clasby,  Martin.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aHeart  failure  (HF)  is  a  leading  cause  of  morbidity  and  mortality  in  the  United  States,  affecting  over  six  million  Americans  and  placing  an  increasing  burden  on  healthcare  systems  as  its  prevalence  rises  with  the  aging  population.  Despite  pharmacological  advancements,  current  treatment  strategies  remain  largely  symptom-focused,  targeting  parameters  like  blood  pressure  and  fluid  overload  rather  than  the  molecular  dysfunctions  driving  disease  progression.  One  hallmark  of  HF  pathophysiology  is  reduced  expression  and  function  of  cardiac  sarcoplasmic  reticulum  Ca2+-ATPase  (SERCA2a),  an  ATP-dependent  pump  that  re-sequesters  cytosolic  calcium  into  the  sarcoplasmic  reticulum  (SR)  during  diastole.  This  dysfunction  impairs  cytosolic  Ca2+  clearance  and  SR  reuptake,  contributing  to  poor  cardiac  relaxation  and  contractile  inefficiency.  Pharmacological  activation  of  SERCA2a  has  emerged  as  a  promising  strategy  to  restore  intracellular  calcium  handling,  but  the  development  of  small-molecule  activators  has  been  hindered  by  poor  potency,  insufficient  selectivity,  and  limited  structure-activity  relationship  (SAR)  data.This  dissertation  describes  the  discovery  and  SAR-guided  development  of  small-molecule  SERCA2a  activators.  Hits  were  identified  using  a  ligand-based  virtual  screening  platform  trained  on  known  SERCA2a  activators  and  applied  to  a  diverse  natural  product  library.  Three  molecules-Alpinoid  D,  Yakuchinone  A,  and  6-paradol-enhanced  ATPase  activity  in  SERCA2a-enriched  microsomes  and  served  as  starting  points  for  systematic  hit-to-lead  development.  These  scaffolds  shared  a  common  three-region  pharmacophore:  a  methoxyphenol  head,  electrophilic  linker,  and  hydrophobic  alkyl  or  aryl  tail.  Through  modular  synthetic  strategies  and  iterative  SAR  development,  over  80  analogs  were  designed,  synthesized,  and  evaluated  using  an  NADH-linked  ATPase  activity  assay  in  SERCA2a-enriched  microsomes,  directly  quantifying  activation  or  inhibition  relative  to  untreated  controls  at  physiologically  relevant  calcium  concentrations.These  efforts  produced  34  modulators-20  activators,  8  dual-effectors,  and  6  inhibitors-comprising  the  largest  library  of  SERCA2a-targeting  small  molecules  reported  to  date.  Several  analogs,  including  indoline,  benzofuran,  and  benzodioxole  derivatives,  enhanced  maximal  ATPase  activity  by  up  to  57%  at  low  micromolar  concentrations  (EC50=  0.7-9.0  µM).  SAR  trends  revealed  distinct  structural  requirements  across  the  three  pharmacophoric  regions.  Moderate  tail  hydrophobicity  favored  activation,  while  excessive  bulk  hindered  efficacy.  Linker  polarity  and  rigidity  impacted  performance,  favoring  flexible,  hydrogen  bond-accepting  functionalities.  The  head  region  tolerated  diverse  modifications,  with  variations  in  fused  ring  size,  substitution  pattern,  heteroatom  content,  and  aromatic  character  yielding  generally  consistent  ATPase  activation.  Although  the  precise  binding  site  remains  undefined,  we  hypothesize  a  mechanism  involving  direct  or  membrane-mediated  engagement  at  an  allosteric  site  within  SERCA2a's  hydrophobic  transmembrane  domain,  as  supported  by  consistent  activation  among  highly  lipophilic  analogs  (clogD7.4  ~  8.0).A  key  mechanistic  insight  emerged  from  this  SAR  campaign:  ATPase  activity  was  strongly  and  inversely  correlated  with  Ca2+  affinity  (r=  -0.75),  suggesting  that  increased  SERCA2a  activity  comes  at  the  expense  of  calcium  binding.  This  represents  the  first  systematic  evidence  that  small-molecule  SERCA2a  activation  generally  reduces  the  pump's  apparent  affinity  for  calcium.  While  additional  studies  are  needed  to  determine  whether  this  trade-off  is  chemotype-specific  or  more  universal,  the  observed  correlation  provides  valuable  insight  into  the  mechanistic  consequences  of  SERCA2a  modulation.In  summary,  this  work  defines  structural  features  associated  with  SERCA2a  ATPase  modulation,  establishes  several  chemically  tractable  scaffolds,  and  identifies  a  novel  functional  relationship  between  activation  and  calcium  affinity.  Although  compound  properties  such  as  isoform  selectivity,  pharmacokinetics,  and  in  vivo  efficacy  remain  to  be  explored,  these  findings  lay  a  foundation  for  the  development  of  next-generation  SERCA2a-targeted  therapeutics  and  provide  valuable  tool  compounds  for  further  investigation  of  calcium  handling  dysfunction  in  HF  and  related  pathologies.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aPharmacology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■653    ▼aCalcium  handling  dysfunction
■653    ▼aHeart  failure
■653    ▼aMortality
■690    ▼a0419
■690    ▼a0487
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bMedicinal  Chemistry.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359865▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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