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Algorithms as Forward Salients: Examining the Politics of Algorithmic Infrastructure
Algorithms as Forward Salients: Examining the Politics of Algorithmic Infrastructure
Algorithms as Forward Salients: Examining the Politics of Algorithmic Infrastructure

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105232
ISBN  
9798291567326
DDC  
020
저자명  
Grill, Gabriel.
서명/저자  
Algorithms as Forward Salients: Examining the Politics of Algorithmic Infrastructure
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
208 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Lindtner, Silvia;Sandvig, Christian.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약As algorithmic technologies have increasingly been adopted in industry and the public sector, they have also become more essential to how we live, work, and govern. This dissertation examines what it means for algorithms to become increasingly infrastructural, and, conversely, for contemporary infrastructures to become more algorithmic. This work contributes to infrastructure and algorithm studies, as well as to the fields of science and technology and information studies, by offering the following theoretical and empirical insights. First, I introduce the analytic forward salient to describe how algorithms are promoted as the next frontier, thus marking established infrastructures and practices as problems in need of intervention. Second, I contribute the conceptual hybrid of algorithmic infrastructure by unpacking its characteristics and the contradictions that emerge as algorithms and infrastructures are intertwined. Finally, I apply these concepts to analyze three case studies that focus on algorithmic technologies intended to alter and supplant existing infrastructure. I unpack the social and political consequences of their adoption, such as the undermining of public interest infrastructure, and how it is justified. The first case concerns an algorithmic profiling tool intended to assist caseworkers of a public employment agency in making decisions about the allocation of support measures during unemployment. The algorithm became a controversy as researchers and activists highlighted how it can reinforce inequalities along dimensions such as gender, class, and disability. My analysis unpacks the various biases of the system and reflects on how these identified biases also acted as boundary objects that enabled disparate groups, like activists, researchers, and legal experts, to challenge the system. The second case examines research and software products that promise to detect and predict social and political unrest by analyzing social media data to aid risk analysts in mitigating the impact of disruptions. I highlight how these systems expand algorithmic surveillance, point to underlying faulty assumptions around the power of big data, and discuss how they construct risk in ways that produce increased suspicion about grievances voiced online. The third case centers on globalized testing infrastructures intended to enhance generative AI products and produce evaluation results that certify their capabilities. I unpack how technology companies benefit from incentive structures and platforms that promote and mask under- and unpaid testing labor and point to structural issues in current evaluation and testing practices that create overly optimistic impressions of the capabilities of AI systems, fueling hype and misguided adoption. Taken together, this dissertation provides insights into a concerning decline of "infrastructural values" such as the subversion of the public interest orientation of many infrastructures. The rise of algorithmic technologies as forward salients promises automation, efficiency, and centralized control, while concentrating power, which can undermine support structures and thereby exacerbate inequalities.
일반주제명  
Information science
일반주제명  
Philosophy of science
일반주제명  
Sociology
일반주제명  
Information technology
키워드  
Infrastructures
키워드  
Algorithms
키워드  
Science and technology studies
키워드  
Technology companies
키워드  
Information studies
기타저자  
University of Michigan Information
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aGrill,  Gabriel.
■24510▼aAlgorithms  as  Forward  Salients:  Examining  the  Politics  of  Algorithmic  Infrastructure
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Lindtner,  Silvia;Sandvig,  Christian.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aAs  algorithmic  technologies  have  increasingly  been  adopted  in  industry  and  the  public  sector,  they  have  also  become  more  essential  to  how  we  live,  work,  and  govern.  This  dissertation  examines  what  it  means  for  algorithms  to  become  increasingly  infrastructural,  and,  conversely,  for  contemporary  infrastructures  to  become  more  algorithmic.  This  work  contributes  to  infrastructure  and  algorithm  studies,  as  well  as  to  the  fields  of  science  and  technology  and  information  studies,  by  offering  the  following  theoretical  and  empirical  insights.  First,  I  introduce  the  analytic  forward  salient  to  describe  how  algorithms  are  promoted  as  the  next  frontier,  thus  marking  established  infrastructures  and  practices  as  problems  in  need  of  intervention.  Second,  I  contribute  the  conceptual  hybrid  of  algorithmic  infrastructure  by  unpacking  its  characteristics  and  the  contradictions  that  emerge  as  algorithms  and  infrastructures  are  intertwined.  Finally,  I  apply  these  concepts  to  analyze  three  case  studies  that  focus  on  algorithmic  technologies  intended  to  alter  and  supplant  existing  infrastructure.  I  unpack  the  social  and  political  consequences  of  their  adoption,  such  as  the  undermining  of  public  interest  infrastructure,  and  how  it  is  justified.  The  first  case  concerns  an  algorithmic  profiling  tool  intended  to  assist  caseworkers  of  a  public  employment  agency  in  making  decisions  about  the  allocation  of  support  measures  during  unemployment.  The  algorithm  became  a  controversy  as  researchers  and  activists  highlighted  how  it  can  reinforce  inequalities  along  dimensions  such  as  gender,  class,  and  disability.  My  analysis  unpacks  the  various  biases  of  the  system  and  reflects  on  how  these  identified  biases  also  acted  as  boundary  objects  that  enabled  disparate  groups,  like  activists,  researchers,  and  legal  experts,  to  challenge  the  system.  The  second  case  examines  research  and  software  products  that  promise  to  detect  and  predict  social  and  political  unrest  by  analyzing  social  media  data  to  aid  risk  analysts  in  mitigating  the  impact  of  disruptions.  I  highlight  how  these  systems  expand  algorithmic  surveillance,  point  to  underlying  faulty  assumptions  around  the  power  of  big  data,  and  discuss  how  they  construct  risk  in  ways  that  produce  increased  suspicion  about  grievances  voiced  online.  The  third  case  centers  on  globalized  testing  infrastructures  intended  to  enhance  generative  AI  products  and  produce  evaluation  results  that  certify  their  capabilities.  I  unpack  how  technology  companies  benefit  from  incentive  structures  and  platforms  that  promote  and  mask  under-  and  unpaid  testing  labor  and  point  to  structural  issues  in  current  evaluation  and  testing  practices  that  create  overly  optimistic  impressions  of  the  capabilities  of  AI  systems,  fueling  hype  and  misguided  adoption.  Taken  together,  this  dissertation  provides  insights  into  a  concerning  decline  of  "infrastructural  values"  such  as  the  subversion  of  the  public  interest  orientation  of  many  infrastructures.  The  rise  of  algorithmic  technologies  as  forward  salients  promises  automation,  efficiency,  and  centralized  control,  while  concentrating  power,  which  can  undermine  support  structures  and  thereby  exacerbate  inequalities.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aInformation  science
■650  4▼aPhilosophy  of  science
■650  4▼aSociology
■650  4▼aInformation  technology
■653    ▼aInfrastructures
■653    ▼aAlgorithms
■653    ▼aScience  and  technology  studies
■653    ▼aTechnology  companies
■653    ▼aInformation  studies
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■690    ▼a0402
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■690    ▼a0626
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bInformation.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359893▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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