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Development, Evaluation, and Deployment of Medical AI
Development, Evaluation, and Deployment of Medical AI
Development, Evaluation, and Deployment of Medical AI

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105618
ISBN  
9798265428547
DDC  
300
저자명  
Wu, Eric.
서명/저자  
Development, Evaluation, and Deployment of Medical AI
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
190 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Zou, James.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Artificial intelligence (AI) holds incredible promise to transform clinical care, yet its safe and effective deployment on patients depends on robust evaluation and domain-specific advancements. This dissertation advances those goals through eight peer-reviewed studies that span the full lifecycle of medical AI. First, we present a trio of works revealing limitations in the regulatory and deployment landscape of medical AI devices. Our systematic review of FDA-cleared AI devices show that 1) approvals have been based primarily single-site, retrospective studies; 2) post-market monitoring and model updating are rare; and 3) only a small subset of regulatory-approved algorithms are ever utilized in clinical care. Second, we propose three benchmarks that highlight current shortcomings in medical large language models (LLMs): 1) models often adopt erroneous retrieved text over correct prior knowledge, 2) LLMs often hallucinate supporting citations, and 3) are unable to reliably learn new and updated medical knowledge via fine-tuning. Third, moving beyond evaluation to spatial biology, we introduce 7-UP and ROSIE, complementary works that leverage generative AI to impute high-dimensional molecular information from routine clinical assays. By training deep learning models on millions of imaged cells, we can perform in silico staining to obtain dozens of spatially resolved protein markers from only H\\&E or low-plex immunofluorescence panels. Collectively, these contributions reveal shortcomings in current medical AI regulation, introduce robust benchmarks and evaluations of clinical LLM deployment, and present generative methods that widen access to high-dimensional tissue profiling. The work provides evidence-based recommendations for regulators, developers, and clinicians, and delivers open-source tools and datasets to accelerate safe and effective adoption of AI in medicine.
일반주제명  
Patients
일반주제명  
Medical equipment
일반주제명  
Citations
일반주제명  
Clinical medicine
일반주제명  
Large language models
일반주제명  
Chatbots
일반주제명  
Medicine
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aWu,  Eric.
■24510▼aDevelopment,  Evaluation,  and  Deployment  of  Medical  AI
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a190  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Zou,  James.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aArtificial  intelligence  (AI)  holds  incredible  promise  to  transform  clinical  care,  yet  its  safe  and  effective  deployment  on  patients  depends  on  robust  evaluation  and  domain-specific  advancements.  This  dissertation  advances  those  goals  through  eight  peer-reviewed  studies  that  span  the  full  lifecycle  of  medical  AI.  First,  we  present  a  trio  of  works  revealing  limitations  in  the  regulatory  and  deployment  landscape  of  medical  AI  devices.  Our  systematic  review  of  FDA-cleared  AI  devices  show  that  1)  approvals  have  been  based  primarily  single-site,  retrospective  studies;  2)  post-market  monitoring  and  model  updating  are  rare;  and  3)  only  a  small  subset  of  regulatory-approved  algorithms  are  ever  utilized  in  clinical  care.  Second,  we  propose  three  benchmarks  that  highlight  current  shortcomings  in  medical  large  language  models  (LLMs):  1)  models  often  adopt  erroneous  retrieved  text  over  correct  prior  knowledge,  2)  LLMs  often  hallucinate  supporting  citations,  and  3)  are  unable  to  reliably  learn  new  and  updated  medical  knowledge  via  fine-tuning.  Third,  moving  beyond  evaluation  to  spatial  biology,  we  introduce  7-UP  and  ROSIE,  complementary  works  that  leverage  generative  AI  to  impute  high-dimensional  molecular  information  from  routine  clinical  assays.  By  training  deep  learning  models  on  millions  of  imaged  cells,  we  can  perform  in  silico  staining  to  obtain  dozens  of  spatially  resolved  protein  markers  from  only  H\\&E  or  low-plex  immunofluorescence  panels.  Collectively,  these  contributions  reveal  shortcomings  in  current  medical  AI  regulation,  introduce  robust  benchmarks  and  evaluations  of  clinical  LLM  deployment,  and  present  generative  methods  that  widen  access  to  high-dimensional  tissue  profiling.  The  work  provides  evidence-based  recommendations  for  regulators,  developers,  and  clinicians,  and  delivers  open-source  tools  and  datasets  to  accelerate  safe  and  effective  adoption  of  AI  in  medicine.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aPatients
■650  4▼aMedical  equipment
■650  4▼aCitations
■650  4▼aClinical  medicine
■650  4▼aLarge  language  models
■650  4▼aChatbots
■650  4▼aMedicine
■690    ▼a0800
■690    ▼a0564
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360781▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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