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Microbes and Post-Burn Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest Soils
Microbes and Post-Burn Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest Soils
Microbes and Post-Burn Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest Soils

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105636
ISBN  
9798265435552
DDC  
631.4
저자명  
Johnson, Dana B.
서명/저자  
Microbes and Post-Burn Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest Soils
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
260 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Whitman, Thea.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약An ongoing shift in wildfires regimes in many areas of the boreal forests of North America towards more frequent and severe fires raises questions about the fate of the vast reservoirs of soil carbon (C) held in these ecosystems. Wildfires have a wide range of effects on boreal forest ecosystems including combustion of organic matter during the fire itself, shifts in aboveground plant community composition, changes in soil C substrate chemistry and availability, and shifts in microbial community composition. There is a growing interest in how fire-induced changes in microbial community composition may impact functions, such as respiration and carbon use efficiency, and post-fire soil C cycling. Disentangling the impacts of fire and varying fire severity on soil microbial respiration and carbon use efficiency is important for both understanding the mechanisms by which fire affects soil C cycling and for improving our model-based predictions of post-fire C emissions. In Chapter 2, I investigate the effect of fire and fire-induced changes in soil properties on post-fire soil respiration and explore the implications of reduced post-fire respiration rates on long term soil C stocks. Burning caused a decrease in respiration per gram total (post-burn) C driven by fire-induced changes in the soil C pool, indicating that soil C lost during a burn may be partially offset by burn-induced decreases in respiration rates. In Chapter 3, I use metrics of resistance and resilience to explore the effects of burning on soil microbial community composition. Microbial community resistance and resilience to burning varied across soil types and between fungi vs. bacteria highlighting the complexity of burn effects on microbial communities. In Chapter 4, I explore how burning and varying burn duration impact microbial community function as measured by changes in substrate-specific carbon use efficiency in boreal forest soils. Burning caused large decreases in glucose-specific carbon use efficiency primarily driven by decreases in microbial growth. The effect of burning on the carbon use efficiency of ground pine roots was smaller, which suggests that the effects of fire on community-level carbon use efficiency will depend on the availability of various C substrates. In Chapter 5, I use the Carbon, Organisms, Rhizosphere, and Protection in the Soil Environment (CORPSE) model to investigate the role of microbial functional groups in modulating post-fire soil respiration. I expanded the CORPSE model by splitting the microbial biomass pool into two discrete microbial functional groups - fast-growing and slow-growing taxa - each with unique decomposition abilities - and added a pyrogenic C pool. While adding multiple microbial functional groups did not improve model agreement with laboratory and field data, the 2-functional pool model allowed us to observe temporal changes in average community carbon use efficiency. Variation in microbial carbon use efficiency may be an important part in linking post-fire microbial community recovery to the fate of post-fire soil C stocks and fluxes. In conclusion, these findings imply that C storage in boreal forests following wildfires will be driven by the combination of C losses during the fire itself, fire-induced changes to the soil C pool that modulate post-fire respiration rates, and shifts in microbial community function, all of which are dependent to some degree on fire severity. Moving forward, more work is needed to expand this work beyond fire severity to other changes in predicted future fire regimes in the boreal forest, such as decreased fire return intervals and larger fire size.
일반주제명  
Soil sciences
일반주제명  
Biogeochemistry
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Forestry
키워드  
Soil carbon
키워드  
Carbon use efficiency
키워드  
Microbial community
키워드  
Fire-induced changes
키워드  
Boreal forest ecosystems
기타저자  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Soil Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aMicrobes  and  Post-Burn  Carbon  Cycling  in  Boreal  Forest  Soils
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a260  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Whitman,  Thea.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison,  2025.
■520    ▼aAn  ongoing  shift  in  wildfires  regimes  in  many  areas  of  the  boreal  forests  of  North  America  towards  more  frequent  and  severe  fires  raises  questions  about  the  fate  of  the  vast  reservoirs  of  soil  carbon  (C)  held  in  these  ecosystems.  Wildfires  have  a  wide  range  of  effects  on  boreal  forest  ecosystems  including  combustion  of  organic  matter  during  the  fire  itself,  shifts  in  aboveground  plant  community  composition,  changes  in  soil  C  substrate  chemistry  and  availability,  and  shifts  in  microbial  community  composition.  There  is  a  growing  interest  in  how  fire-induced  changes  in  microbial  community  composition  may  impact  functions,  such  as  respiration  and  carbon  use  efficiency,  and  post-fire  soil  C  cycling.  Disentangling  the  impacts  of  fire  and  varying  fire  severity  on  soil  microbial  respiration  and  carbon  use  efficiency  is  important  for  both  understanding  the  mechanisms  by  which  fire  affects  soil  C  cycling  and  for  improving  our  model-based  predictions  of  post-fire  C  emissions.  In  Chapter  2,  I  investigate  the  effect  of  fire  and  fire-induced  changes  in  soil  properties  on  post-fire  soil  respiration  and  explore  the  implications  of  reduced  post-fire  respiration  rates  on  long  term  soil  C  stocks.  Burning  caused  a  decrease  in  respiration  per  gram  total  (post-burn)  C  driven  by  fire-induced  changes  in  the  soil  C  pool,  indicating  that  soil  C  lost  during  a  burn  may  be  partially  offset  by  burn-induced  decreases  in  respiration  rates.  In  Chapter  3,  I  use  metrics  of  resistance  and  resilience  to  explore  the  effects  of  burning  on  soil  microbial  community  composition.  Microbial  community  resistance  and  resilience  to  burning  varied  across  soil  types  and  between  fungi  vs.  bacteria  highlighting  the  complexity  of  burn  effects  on  microbial  communities.  In  Chapter  4,  I  explore  how  burning  and  varying  burn  duration  impact  microbial  community  function  as  measured  by  changes  in  substrate-specific  carbon  use  efficiency  in  boreal  forest  soils.  Burning  caused  large  decreases  in  glucose-specific  carbon  use  efficiency  primarily  driven  by  decreases  in  microbial  growth.  The  effect  of  burning  on  the  carbon  use  efficiency  of  ground  pine  roots  was  smaller,  which  suggests  that  the  effects  of  fire  on  community-level  carbon  use  efficiency  will  depend  on  the  availability  of  various  C  substrates.  In  Chapter  5,  I  use  the  Carbon,  Organisms,  Rhizosphere,  and  Protection  in  the  Soil  Environment  (CORPSE)  model  to  investigate  the  role  of  microbial  functional  groups  in  modulating  post-fire  soil  respiration.  I  expanded  the  CORPSE  model  by  splitting  the  microbial  biomass  pool  into  two  discrete  microbial  functional  groups  -  fast-growing  and  slow-growing  taxa  -  each  with  unique  decomposition  abilities  -  and  added  a  pyrogenic  C  pool.  While  adding  multiple  microbial  functional  groups  did  not  improve  model  agreement  with  laboratory  and  field  data,  the  2-functional  pool  model  allowed  us  to  observe  temporal  changes  in  average  community  carbon  use  efficiency.  Variation  in  microbial  carbon  use  efficiency  may  be  an  important  part  in  linking  post-fire  microbial  community  recovery  to  the  fate  of  post-fire  soil  C  stocks  and  fluxes.  In  conclusion,  these  findings  imply  that  C  storage  in  boreal  forests  following  wildfires  will  be  driven  by  the  combination  of  C  losses  during  the  fire  itself,  fire-induced  changes  to  the  soil  C  pool  that  modulate  post-fire  respiration  rates,  and  shifts  in  microbial  community  function,  all  of  which  are  dependent  to  some  degree  on  fire  severity.  Moving  forward,  more  work  is  needed  to  expand  this  work  beyond  fire  severity  to  other  changes  in  predicted  future  fire  regimes  in  the  boreal  forest,  such  as  decreased  fire  return  intervals  and  larger  fire  size.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0262.
■650  4▼aSoil  sciences
■650  4▼aBiogeochemistry
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aForestry
■653    ▼aSoil  carbon
■653    ▼aCarbon  use  efficiency
■653    ▼aMicrobial  community
■653    ▼aFire-induced  changes
■653    ▼aBoreal  forest  ecosystems
■690    ▼a0481
■690    ▼a0425
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■690    ▼a0478
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼bSoil  Science.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0262
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360910▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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