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Instability Saturation and Turbulent Dynamos in Shear Flows
Instability Saturation and Turbulent Dynamos in Shear Flows
Instability Saturation and Turbulent Dynamos in Shear Flows

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105636
ISBN  
9798265435590
DDC  
530
저자명  
Tripathi, Bindesh.
서명/저자  
Instability Saturation and Turbulent Dynamos in Shear Flows
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
451 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Terry, Paul W.;Zweibel, Ellen G.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Instabilities in nature drive turbulence, which impedes fusion-energy gain in reactors and impacts cosmic observables such as magnetic fields and multi-messenger-astronomy signals. To understand the underlying turbulent processes, this thesis investigates two central questions: How instabilities may saturate, and how turbulence may generate astrophysical magnetic fields at large scales-a process called the dynamo. Previous efforts to address the former have relied on an energy cascade to microphysical scales and thus missed critical elements of instability-scale mode-couplings. Dynamo efforts have been frustrated because large-scale magnetic-field generation is suppressed via Alfvenization-a robust magnetohydrodynamic process that aligns fluctuations in the fluid velocity u with those in the magnetic field b, i.e., u || ± b. Addressing these challenges, this thesis develops fundamental principles of instability saturation and applies them to demonstrate a novel mechanism where Alfvenization generates magnetic fields, instead of suppressing the fields. These findings, organized in three parts, apply to shear flows driven unstable by their velocity gradients.Part I of this thesis demonstrates the new paradigm of instability saturation via stable eigenmodes. These modes spatially resemble the instability but decay exponentially in time. However, the stable modes are nonlinearly excited to significant amplitudes via mode-couplings to instability. Hence, most of the energy injected by the instability is transferred to the stable modes, which then return energy to the large-scale unstable flow, thus reducing the energy available to cascade to small scales. The stable modes sequester magnetic fields at large scales by reducing the rate-of-strain and field-line distortion. Nonlinear simulations in two dimensions without the stable modes display a splitting of otherwise merging large-scale vortices, a spreading of turbulence, and a surging of visco-resistive dissipation and momentum transport.Part II confirms the findings of Part I by considering three-dimensional turbulence. The three-dimensional (3D) stable modes are found to be more effective than the two-dimensional (2D) stable modes in transporting momentum in the direction of the large-scale flow gradient. Moreover, vortex stretching-a 3D process-is countered by the stable modes, thus transforming thin, long cylinders of vortices to thick, short cylinders. In three dimensions, the stable modes receive energy via inherently 3D zonal jets; these jets are fluctuating 3D flows that propagate in, while remaining invariant along, the direction of the large-scale 2D shear flow. In a jet-dominated system, numerical simulations validate an analytic turbulence closure model that predicts stellar spin-down rates, relevant for the solar tachocline.Part III, using 3D magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, reports the generation of magnetic fields via Alfvenization-the suppressor of the traditional dynamos. The large-scale vorticity, which traditional dynamo theories ignore, contributes here to the large-scale electromotive force. A working physical mechanism of this effect is identified, where the 3D zonal jets described in Part II interact with Alfvenized magnetic fluctuations, thereby generating large-scale, quasi-cyclic magnetic fields, consistent with astrophysical observations. This large-scale vorticity effect produces seed large-scale magnetic field, parallel to the large-scale flow, purely from small-scale flow-field correlation. Then, the large-scale cross-helicity - alignment between largescale flow and magnetic field - is transferred by turbulent stress to small scales, in a way analogous to the forward transfer of momentum and energy. Thus, the two dynamo steps cyclically reinforce each other, spontaneously magnetizing the fluid. The new dynamo mechanism explains confounding measurements of a laboratory experiment. This mechanism is also predicted to operate in binary neutron star mergers on time scales of microseconds, which in millisecond mergers can generate some of the strongest magnetic fields in the Universe.
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Plasma physics
일반주제명  
Astrophysics
일반주제명  
Electromagnetics
키워드  
Dynamo
키워드  
Instability
키워드  
Magnetohydrodynamics
키워드  
Plasmas
키워드  
Shear flows
키워드  
Turbulence
기타저자  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aTripathi,  Bindesh.
■24510▼aInstability  Saturation  and  Turbulent  Dynamos  in  Shear  Flows
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a451  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Terry,  Paul  W.;Zweibel,  Ellen  G.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison,  2025.
■520    ▼aInstabilities  in  nature  drive  turbulence,  which  impedes  fusion-energy  gain  in  reactors  and  impacts  cosmic  observables  such  as  magnetic  fields  and  multi-messenger-astronomy  signals.  To  understand  the  underlying  turbulent  processes,  this  thesis  investigates  two  central  questions:  How  instabilities  may  saturate,  and  how  turbulence  may  generate  astrophysical  magnetic  fields  at  large  scales-a  process  called  the  dynamo.  Previous  efforts  to  address  the  former  have  relied  on  an  energy  cascade  to  microphysical  scales  and  thus  missed  critical  elements  of  instability-scale  mode-couplings.  Dynamo  efforts  have  been  frustrated  because  large-scale  magnetic-field  generation  is  suppressed  via  Alfvenization-a  robust  magnetohydrodynamic  process  that  aligns  fluctuations  in  the  fluid  velocity  u  with  those  in  the  magnetic  field  b,  i.e.,  u  ||  ±  b.  Addressing  these  challenges,  this  thesis  develops  fundamental  principles  of  instability  saturation  and  applies  them  to  demonstrate  a  novel  mechanism  where  Alfvenization  generates  magnetic  fields,  instead  of  suppressing  the  fields.  These  findings,  organized  in  three  parts,  apply  to  shear  flows  driven  unstable  by  their  velocity  gradients.Part  I  of  this  thesis  demonstrates  the  new  paradigm  of  instability  saturation  via  stable  eigenmodes.  These  modes  spatially  resemble  the  instability  but  decay  exponentially  in  time.  However,  the  stable  modes  are  nonlinearly  excited  to  significant  amplitudes  via  mode-couplings  to  instability.  Hence,  most  of  the  energy  injected  by  the  instability  is  transferred  to  the  stable  modes,  which  then  return  energy  to  the  large-scale  unstable  flow,  thus  reducing  the  energy  available  to  cascade  to  small  scales.  The  stable  modes  sequester  magnetic  fields  at  large  scales  by  reducing  the  rate-of-strain  and  field-line  distortion.  Nonlinear  simulations  in  two  dimensions  without  the  stable  modes  display  a  splitting  of  otherwise  merging  large-scale  vortices,  a  spreading  of  turbulence,  and  a  surging  of  visco-resistive  dissipation  and  momentum  transport.Part  II  confirms  the  findings  of  Part  I  by  considering  three-dimensional  turbulence.  The  three-dimensional  (3D)  stable  modes  are  found  to  be  more  effective  than  the  two-dimensional  (2D)  stable  modes  in  transporting  momentum  in  the  direction  of  the  large-scale  flow  gradient.  Moreover,  vortex  stretching-a  3D  process-is  countered  by  the  stable  modes,  thus  transforming  thin,  long  cylinders  of  vortices  to  thick,  short  cylinders.  In  three  dimensions,  the  stable  modes  receive  energy  via  inherently  3D  zonal  jets;  these  jets  are  fluctuating  3D  flows  that  propagate  in,  while  remaining  invariant  along,  the  direction  of  the  large-scale  2D  shear  flow.  In  a  jet-dominated  system,  numerical  simulations  validate  an  analytic  turbulence  closure  model  that  predicts  stellar  spin-down  rates,  relevant  for  the  solar  tachocline.Part  III,  using  3D  magnetohydrodynamic  turbulence,  reports  the  generation  of  magnetic  fields  via  Alfvenization-the  suppressor  of  the  traditional  dynamos.  The  large-scale  vorticity,  which  traditional  dynamo  theories  ignore,  contributes  here  to  the  large-scale  electromotive  force.  A  working  physical  mechanism  of  this  effect  is  identified,  where  the  3D  zonal  jets  described  in  Part  II  interact  with  Alfvenized  magnetic  fluctuations,  thereby  generating  large-scale,  quasi-cyclic  magnetic  fields,  consistent  with  astrophysical  observations.  This  large-scale  vorticity  effect  produces  seed  large-scale  magnetic  field,  parallel  to  the  large-scale  flow,  purely  from  small-scale  flow-field  correlation.  Then,  the  large-scale  cross-helicity  -  alignment  between  largescale  flow  and  magnetic  field  -  is  transferred  by  turbulent  stress  to  small  scales,  in  a  way  analogous  to  the  forward  transfer  of  momentum  and  energy.  Thus,  the  two  dynamo  steps  cyclically  reinforce  each  other,  spontaneously  magnetizing  the  fluid.  The  new  dynamo  mechanism  explains  confounding  measurements  of  a  laboratory  experiment.  This  mechanism  is  also  predicted  to  operate  in  binary  neutron  star  mergers  on  time  scales  of  microseconds,  which  in  millisecond  mergers  can  generate  some  of  the  strongest  magnetic  fields  in  the  Universe.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0262.
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aPlasma  physics
■650  4▼aAstrophysics
■650  4▼aElectromagnetics
■653    ▼aDynamo
■653    ▼aInstability
■653    ▼aMagnetohydrodynamics
■653    ▼aPlasmas
■653    ▼aShear  flows
■653    ▼aTurbulence
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0759
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0607
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0262
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360912▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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