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Reachability Analysis for Characterizing the Effects of Robotic Assistive Devices on Human Stability
Reachability Analysis for Characterizing the Effects of Robotic Assistive Devices on Human...
Reachability Analysis for Characterizing the Effects of Robotic Assistive Devices on Human Stability

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105237
ISBN  
9798291567999
DDC  
620.8
저자명  
Raz, Daphna R.
서명/저자  
Reachability Analysis for Characterizing the Effects of Robotic Assistive Devices on Human Stability
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
116 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Ozay, Necmiye;Umberger, Brian.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약As humans age, maintaining stability during activities of everyday living becomes more difficult. Performance on balance-related tasks diminishes, based on both clinical and analytical metrics. This decline is due in part to age-related, joint level changes in torque production, which are in turn correlated with increased fall risk. Thus, there is great excitement in the clinical and research community regarding robotic mobility assistive devices that can supplement torque and power production at different joints. While there has been progress demonstrating that assistive devices may lower metabolic cost during walking, less is known about how these devices may affect stability, particularly during feet-in-place activities such as sit-to-stand or standing. There is therefore a need to incorporate age-related neuromuscular decrements and powered mobility assistance into a single framework for stability analysis. Such a framework will not only aid in our understanding of the mechanics underlying robot-assisted movement stability, but it can also guide the design of perturbation experiments on older adults by suggesting conditions under which stability is most likely to be affected. In this dissertation, we develop a method to characterize the effect of robotic assistance on human stability from a formal methods perspective: instead of analyzing individual control strategies for a given model, we compute a set representing all states from which it is feasible to maintain balance. We call this set the stabilizable region. In contrast to prior work, we provide mathematical guarantees that the stabilizable region includes all possible recoverable states. We also guarantee that it is always possible to remain within the region, which is an important safety property known as invariance. To validate our method, we first compute stabilizable regions for nominal full-strength models of young adults. Using a published dataset of perturbed sit-to-stand motion, we show that the boundaries of these regions accurately detect when the participant can no longer use feet-in-place strategies to maintain stability. Next, to understand how old age and assistive devices affect stabilizability, we compute stabilizable regions for sex- and age- adjusted models of adults wearing ankle exoskeletons. Lastly, we analyze how 'imperfect' ankle exoskeletons may affect feasible standing balance. We consider devices that provide lower- and higher-than-necessary torques relative to the optimal amount required to maximize static stability. We relax our assumption that the ankle exoskeleton controller is perfectly tuned to the user, and compute the stabilizable region when the mass and relative center-of-mass height of the user are under- or over-estimated. We also approximate a delay in the exoskeleton's actuation torque, quantifying how the stabilizable region changes over a range of device delays. Our analysis shows that common ankle exoskeleton control strategies can improve stability in many nominal conditions that are likely to be encountered in daily life. However, they may hinder stability under certain conditions and can amplify existing, joint-level torque deficits related to aging. When the exoskeleton model is adjusted to account for realistic defects such as poorly tuned parameters and device delay, stability is hindered even further. Thus, our results suggest that a great deal more research is needed to enable the safe and effective widespread use of these devices, particularly in clinical populations. Even exoskeletons with mild imperfections using seemingly well-understood control strategies, may have a counterintuitive and undesired effect on standing balance in older adults, particularly those with impaired strength.
일반주제명  
Biomechanics
일반주제명  
Robotics
일반주제명  
Computer engineering
키워드  
Rehabilitation robotics
키워드  
Formal methods
키워드  
Human biomechanics
키워드  
Exoskeletons
키워드  
Aging biomechanics
키워드  
Human stability
기타저자  
University of Michigan Robotics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■24510▼aReachability  Analysis  for  Characterizing  the  Effects  of  Robotic  Assistive  Devices  on  Human  Stability
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Ozay,  Necmiye;Umberger,  Brian.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aAs  humans  age,  maintaining  stability  during  activities  of  everyday  living  becomes  more  difficult.  Performance  on  balance-related  tasks  diminishes,  based  on  both  clinical  and  analytical  metrics.  This  decline  is  due  in  part  to  age-related,  joint  level  changes  in  torque  production,  which  are  in  turn  correlated  with  increased  fall  risk.  Thus,  there  is  great  excitement  in  the  clinical  and  research  community  regarding  robotic  mobility  assistive  devices  that  can  supplement  torque  and  power  production  at  different  joints.  While  there  has  been  progress  demonstrating  that  assistive  devices  may  lower  metabolic  cost  during  walking,  less  is  known  about  how  these  devices  may  affect  stability,  particularly  during  feet-in-place  activities  such  as  sit-to-stand  or  standing.  There  is  therefore  a  need  to  incorporate  age-related  neuromuscular  decrements  and  powered  mobility  assistance  into  a  single  framework  for  stability  analysis.  Such  a  framework  will  not  only  aid  in  our  understanding  of  the  mechanics  underlying  robot-assisted  movement  stability,  but  it  can  also  guide  the  design  of  perturbation  experiments  on  older  adults  by  suggesting  conditions  under  which  stability  is  most  likely  to  be  affected.  In  this  dissertation,  we  develop  a  method  to  characterize  the  effect  of  robotic  assistance  on  human  stability  from  a  formal  methods  perspective:  instead  of  analyzing  individual  control  strategies  for  a  given  model,  we  compute  a  set  representing  all  states  from  which  it  is  feasible  to  maintain  balance.  We  call  this  set  the  stabilizable  region.  In  contrast  to  prior  work,  we  provide  mathematical  guarantees  that  the  stabilizable  region  includes  all  possible  recoverable  states.  We  also  guarantee  that  it  is  always  possible  to  remain  within  the  region,  which  is  an  important  safety  property  known  as  invariance.  To  validate  our  method,  we  first  compute  stabilizable  regions  for  nominal    full-strength  models    of  young  adults.  Using  a  published  dataset  of  perturbed  sit-to-stand  motion,  we  show  that  the  boundaries  of  these  regions  accurately  detect  when  the  participant  can  no  longer  use  feet-in-place  strategies  to  maintain  stability.  Next,  to  understand  how  old  age  and  assistive  devices  affect  stabilizability,  we  compute  stabilizable  regions  for  sex-  and  age-  adjusted  models  of  adults  wearing  ankle  exoskeletons.  Lastly,  we  analyze  how  'imperfect'  ankle  exoskeletons  may  affect  feasible  standing  balance.  We  consider  devices  that  provide  lower-  and  higher-than-necessary  torques  relative  to  the  optimal  amount  required  to  maximize  static  stability.  We  relax  our  assumption  that  the  ankle  exoskeleton  controller  is  perfectly  tuned  to  the  user,  and  compute  the  stabilizable  region  when  the  mass  and  relative  center-of-mass  height  of  the  user  are  under-  or  over-estimated.  We  also  approximate  a  delay  in  the  exoskeleton's  actuation  torque,  quantifying  how  the  stabilizable  region  changes  over  a  range  of  device  delays.    Our  analysis  shows  that  common  ankle  exoskeleton  control  strategies  can  improve  stability  in  many  nominal  conditions  that  are  likely  to  be  encountered  in  daily  life.  However,  they  may  hinder  stability  under  certain  conditions  and  can  amplify  existing,  joint-level  torque  deficits  related  to  aging.  When  the  exoskeleton  model  is  adjusted  to  account  for  realistic  defects  such  as  poorly  tuned  parameters  and  device  delay,  stability  is  hindered  even  further.  Thus,  our  results  suggest  that  a  great  deal  more  research  is  needed  to  enable  the  safe  and  effective  widespread  use  of  these  devices,  particularly  in  clinical  populations.    Even  exoskeletons  with  mild  imperfections  using  seemingly  well-understood  control  strategies,  may  have  a  counterintuitive  and  undesired  effect  on  standing  balance  in  older  adults,  particularly  those  with  impaired    strength.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aBiomechanics
■650  4▼aRobotics
■650  4▼aComputer  engineering
■653    ▼aRehabilitation  robotics
■653    ▼aFormal  methods
■653    ▼aHuman  biomechanics
■653    ▼aExoskeletons
■653    ▼aAging  biomechanics
■653    ▼aHuman  stability
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■792    ▼a2025
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■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359933▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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