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Physical Modeling of Submarine Volcanic Eruption Generated Tsunamis
Physical Modeling of Submarine Volcanic Eruption Generated Tsunamis
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260209102906
- ISBN
- 9798263393694
- DDC
- 000
- 저자명
- Liu, Yibin.
- 서명/저자
- Physical Modeling of Submarine Volcanic Eruption Generated Tsunamis
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2023
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
- 형태사항
- 190 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Fritz, Hermann M.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2023.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Tsunamis generated by volcanic activities have caused some of the most catastrophic events in recorded history. For volcanic tsunamis, source mechanisms such as underwater eruptions, pyroclastic flows, landslides, caldera collapses and phreatomagmatic explosive eruptions can displace large water volumes. They are related to several catastrophic historical events. The 1883 Krakatau eruption in Indonesia caused more than 36,000 victims due to tsunami waves and pyroclastic flows in the Sunda Strait. In the recent 2022 Tonga eruption, the tsunami waves generated by underwater explosion and pressure shockwave reached Tongatapu coastline with runup heights up to 15 m. There are very limited event records and field data of tsunamis generated by submarine volcanos. Thus, we have designed the following physical experiments to better understand its complex source mechanisms.The mechanism of tsunami generation by submarine volcanic eruption was isolated, and a volcanic tsunami generator (VTG) was designed and deployed in the tsunami wave basin (TWB). The volcanic tsunami experiments were performed in the NHERI experimental facility, the O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory at Oregon State University in Corvallis, Oregon. The experiments were specifically designed to study tsunami waves generated by underwater volcanic eruption. The wave maker is a novel pneumatic volcanic tsunami generator, which allows for controlled vertical acceleration. It is designed as a telescopic column of 1.2 m diameter driven by eight pneumatic actuators with a vertical stroke of 0.3 m. A linear potentiometer is installed inside the VTG to record its vertical displacement during the wave generation process. More than 300 experimental runs were conducted, which includes 117 combinations of 13 water depths and 9 driving tank air pressures. The peak stroke velocity of the VTG is positively correlated with the driving tank pressure. The dimensions of the large-scale tsunami wave basin are 48.8 m by 26.5 m and the tested still water depth range is between 0.73 m to 1.5 m. The instrumentation deployed inside the basin includes wave gauges, runup gauges and multiple purposed cameras such as PTZ, PIV and underwater cameras. The wave gauge and potentiometer data are recorded and analyzed to characterize the generation and propagation of surface waves in radial and angular directions.The vertical stroke motion of the VTG generates leading elevation N-waves. A concentric vertical spike is formed by superposition of the circular bore from the wave generation motion. The tsunami heights generated with the VTG are measured with wave gauge array and the performance of VTG characterizes the dimensionless leading wave amplitude and period. The experiment data shows the variation of the leading wave amplitude, period, and celerity along the radial propagation distance. The dimensionless leading wave amplitude decreases with the dimensionless radial propagation distance. It is found that the attenuation rate of the leading wave exceeds the range (- 1.0, - 0.7) predicted by the linear wave theory in scenarios with relatively large Froude numbers. The dimensionless leading wave period increases with the dimensionless propagation distance according to linear wave theory. The nonlinearity diagram of the experimental data reveals that the tsunamis are mostly weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive waves. The tsunami wave characteristics from the large-scale physical model are compared with existing wave theories and models. The comparisons between wave energy and source energy show that at most 60% of the potential energy in the initial dome shaped water surface deformation is converted to the wave train and up to 40% to the leading wave. Empirical equations are derived to characterize and evaluate tsunami wave parameters such as amplitudes and periods, which can help to improve current tsunami warning and mitigation systems with consideration of volcanic tsunami hazards. The experimental data serves as benchmark to validate and advance three-dimensional numerical volcanic tsunami prediction models.
- 일반주제명
- Fatalities
- 일반주제명
- Gauges
- 일반주제명
- Landslides & mudslides
- 일반주제명
- Volcanoes
- 일반주제명
- Explosions
- 일반주제명
- Tsunamis
- 일반주제명
- Water levels
- 일반주제명
- Earthquakes
- 일반주제명
- Energy
- 일반주제명
- Deformation
- 일반주제명
- Magma
- 일반주제명
- Geology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008260203s2023 us c eng d■001000017365976
■00520260209102906
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798263393694
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32315742
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)GeorgiaTech75068
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a000
■1001 ▼aLiu, Yibin.
■24510▼aPhysical Modeling of Submarine Volcanic Eruption Generated Tsunamis
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bGeorgia Institute of Technology▼c2023
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2023
■300 ▼a190 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Fritz, Hermann M.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2023.
■520 ▼aTsunamis generated by volcanic activities have caused some of the most catastrophic events in recorded history. For volcanic tsunamis, source mechanisms such as underwater eruptions, pyroclastic flows, landslides, caldera collapses and phreatomagmatic explosive eruptions can displace large water volumes. They are related to several catastrophic historical events. The 1883 Krakatau eruption in Indonesia caused more than 36,000 victims due to tsunami waves and pyroclastic flows in the Sunda Strait. In the recent 2022 Tonga eruption, the tsunami waves generated by underwater explosion and pressure shockwave reached Tongatapu coastline with runup heights up to 15 m. There are very limited event records and field data of tsunamis generated by submarine volcanos. Thus, we have designed the following physical experiments to better understand its complex source mechanisms.The mechanism of tsunami generation by submarine volcanic eruption was isolated, and a volcanic tsunami generator (VTG) was designed and deployed in the tsunami wave basin (TWB). The volcanic tsunami experiments were performed in the NHERI experimental facility, the O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory at Oregon State University in Corvallis, Oregon. The experiments were specifically designed to study tsunami waves generated by underwater volcanic eruption. The wave maker is a novel pneumatic volcanic tsunami generator, which allows for controlled vertical acceleration. It is designed as a telescopic column of 1.2 m diameter driven by eight pneumatic actuators with a vertical stroke of 0.3 m. A linear potentiometer is installed inside the VTG to record its vertical displacement during the wave generation process. More than 300 experimental runs were conducted, which includes 117 combinations of 13 water depths and 9 driving tank air pressures. The peak stroke velocity of the VTG is positively correlated with the driving tank pressure. The dimensions of the large-scale tsunami wave basin are 48.8 m by 26.5 m and the tested still water depth range is between 0.73 m to 1.5 m. The instrumentation deployed inside the basin includes wave gauges, runup gauges and multiple purposed cameras such as PTZ, PIV and underwater cameras. The wave gauge and potentiometer data are recorded and analyzed to characterize the generation and propagation of surface waves in radial and angular directions.The vertical stroke motion of the VTG generates leading elevation N-waves. A concentric vertical spike is formed by superposition of the circular bore from the wave generation motion. The tsunami heights generated with the VTG are measured with wave gauge array and the performance of VTG characterizes the dimensionless leading wave amplitude and period. The experiment data shows the variation of the leading wave amplitude, period, and celerity along the radial propagation distance. The dimensionless leading wave amplitude decreases with the dimensionless radial propagation distance. It is found that the attenuation rate of the leading wave exceeds the range (- 1.0, - 0.7) predicted by the linear wave theory in scenarios with relatively large Froude numbers. The dimensionless leading wave period increases with the dimensionless propagation distance according to linear wave theory. The nonlinearity diagram of the experimental data reveals that the tsunamis are mostly weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive waves. The tsunami wave characteristics from the large-scale physical model are compared with existing wave theories and models. The comparisons between wave energy and source energy show that at most 60% of the potential energy in the initial dome shaped water surface deformation is converted to the wave train and up to 40% to the leading wave. Empirical equations are derived to characterize and evaluate tsunami wave parameters such as amplitudes and periods, which can help to improve current tsunami warning and mitigation systems with consideration of volcanic tsunami hazards. The experimental data serves as benchmark to validate and advance three-dimensional numerical volcanic tsunami prediction models.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0078.
■650 4▼aFatalities
■650 4▼aGauges
■650 4▼aLandslides & mudslides
■650 4▼aVolcanoes
■650 4▼aExplosions
■650 4▼aTsunamis
■650 4▼aWater levels
■650 4▼aEarthquakes
■650 4▼aEnergy
■650 4▼aDeformation
■650 4▼aMagma
■650 4▼aGeology
■690 ▼a0791
■690 ▼a0372
■71020▼aGeorgia Institute of Technology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-05B.
■790 ▼a0078
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2023
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17365976▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


