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Macroevolution of Gene Expression in Passerine Birds
Macroevolution of Gene Expression in Passerine Birds
Macroevolution of Gene Expression in Passerine Birds

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103018
ISBN  
9798280710320
DDC  
590
저자명  
DiGiacomo, Alexandria A.
서명/저자  
Macroevolution of Gene Expression in Passerine Birds
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
323 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Edwards, Scott V.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약A key objective of evolutionary biology is to decipher the molecular mechanisms driving phenotypic diversity. Whereas genomes provide the informational foundation of life, gene expression compromises how that information is used to define the biology of an organism. As part of the biological cascade from information to function, gene expression dynamics play a critical role in influencing the evolutionary trajectory of diversity. It is therefore crucial to the understanding of evolutionary processes that we investigate how gene expression evolves on a macroevolutionary level and what role it plays in life history variation. Advancements in technologies such as RNA-Seq and evolving computational tools have enabled comparative transcriptomics research to blossom in recent years with studies steadily gaining in species count and tissue scope. To elucidate the role of gene expression in macroevolutionary dynamics, my dissertation investigates interspecific differences in gene expression and their connection to life history trait evolution using passerine birds as a focal system. I provide a review of the historical progression of transcriptomic technology, the challenges facing transcriptomic researchers, and the current landscape of comparative transcriptomics. I discuss the vital role of RNA preservation in museum collections and provide an original analysis of over 300 museum-preserved tissue samples demonstrating that RNA quality was not significantly affected by preservation method, collection method, or tissue type, underscoring the suitability of these samples for transcriptomic research. I further discuss recent technological developments, such as single cell sequencing and multi-omic data integration, which I expect to impact the future directions of comparative transcriptomic research. Empirically, I investigate the macroevolutionary dynamics of gene expression in the two major clades of passerines: oscines and suboscines. For this analysis, I sequenced 327 transcriptomes from six key tissues (heart, pectoralis major, liver, brain, eye, and testis) across 22 passerine species and two outgroup species. Using this dataset, I ask which macroevolutionary models - specifically the Brownian motion and Ornstein- Uhlenbeck process - best ft the patterns of gene expression observed in these clades and what genes are differentially expressed between oscines and suboscines. My findings indicate that most genes' expression are best ft by a Brownian motion model of evolution with only a small selection best ft by the Ornstein Uhlenbeck process indicating the strong role of phylogenetic structure or drift in between-clade gene expression evolution dynamics. I further find that differential expression between avian clades is enriched for genes with broad, systemic roles rather than tissue-specific functions. Expanding on this, I examine the relationship between gene expression evolution and life history traits by interrogating the correlation of differential expression with the key avian traits of diet and migration. My results from evolutionary model ft analyses indicate that migratory strategy significantly influences gene expression in the brain whereas diet had a broader impact across multiple tissues, strongly shaping gene expression in the brain, heart, liver, and pectoralis major. Similarly, the results from a differential expression analyses indicated that, of the tissues studied, gonad and muscle were most heavily impacted by migratory strategy whereas brain and eye were most heavily associated with diet. Similar to the between clade analysis, GO term enrichment revealed consistent terms across tissue types indicating an important role in differential expression of broad, systematic roles. The findings from my dissertation indicate that gene expression in passerine birds is shaped by both phylogenetic history and ecological adaptation. The overwhelming support for Brownian motion suggests that genetic drift plays a primary role in expression evolution, whereas the support for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model for subsets of genes indicates a lesser but important role of selective constraints on expression. Differential expression between oscines and suboscines primarily affects genes with broad, system-wide functions, highlighting the evolutionary divergence of core biological processes between clades. Conversely, results from life history trait analyses suggest such traits play an important role in expression evolution, particularly in metabolic and physiological pathways. Together, these results paint a picture of gene expression evolving under a balance of constraints and flexibility in which phylogenetic history dictates foundational patterns and life history traits refine expression in functionally relevant pathways.This work adds to the growing body of evidence that gene expression patterns are shaped both by phylogenetic and selective pressures linked to life history. By integrating macroevolutionary models with transcriptomic data, this study advances our understanding of how gene regulation relates to phenotypic diversity across species. As transcriptomic datasets continue to expand in taxonomic scope, such approaches will be important to disentangling the evolutionary forces shaping molecular and functional diversity. The findings presented herein enhance our understanding of gene expression evolution and provide valuable insights into how life history traits correlate with gene expression across species.
일반주제명  
Zoology
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Forestry
일반주제명  
Evolution & development
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
Gene expression
키워드  
Evolutionary biology
키워드  
Macroevolutionary dynamics
키워드  
Ornstein Uhlenbeck process
기타저자  
Harvard University Biology Organismic and Evolutionary
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31844113
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a590
■1001  ▼aDiGiacomo,  Alexandria  A.▼0(orcid)0009-0004-0463-549X
■24510▼aMacroevolution  of  Gene  Expression  in  Passerine  Birds
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a323  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Edwards,  Scott  V.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aA  key  objective  of  evolutionary  biology  is  to  decipher  the  molecular  mechanisms  driving  phenotypic  diversity.  Whereas  genomes  provide  the  informational  foundation  of  life,  gene  expression  compromises  how  that  information  is  used  to  define  the  biology  of  an  organism.  As  part  of  the  biological  cascade  from  information  to  function,  gene  expression  dynamics  play  a  critical  role  in  influencing  the  evolutionary  trajectory  of  diversity.  It  is  therefore  crucial  to  the  understanding  of  evolutionary  processes  that  we  investigate  how  gene  expression  evolves  on  a  macroevolutionary  level  and  what  role  it  plays  in  life  history  variation.  Advancements  in  technologies  such  as  RNA-Seq  and  evolving  computational  tools  have  enabled  comparative  transcriptomics  research  to  blossom  in  recent  years  with  studies  steadily  gaining  in  species  count  and  tissue  scope.  To  elucidate  the  role  of  gene  expression  in  macroevolutionary  dynamics,  my  dissertation  investigates  interspecific  differences  in  gene  expression  and  their  connection  to  life  history  trait  evolution  using  passerine  birds  as  a  focal  system.  I  provide  a  review  of  the  historical  progression  of  transcriptomic  technology,  the  challenges  facing  transcriptomic  researchers,  and  the  current  landscape  of  comparative  transcriptomics.  I  discuss  the  vital  role  of  RNA  preservation  in  museum  collections  and  provide  an  original  analysis  of  over  300  museum-preserved  tissue  samples  demonstrating  that  RNA  quality  was  not  significantly  affected  by  preservation  method,  collection  method,  or  tissue  type,  underscoring  the  suitability  of  these  samples  for  transcriptomic  research.  I  further  discuss  recent  technological  developments,  such  as  single  cell  sequencing  and  multi-omic  data  integration,  which  I  expect  to  impact  the  future  directions  of  comparative  transcriptomic  research.  Empirically,  I  investigate  the  macroevolutionary  dynamics  of  gene  expression  in  the  two  major  clades  of  passerines:  oscines  and  suboscines.  For  this  analysis,  I  sequenced  327  transcriptomes  from  six  key  tissues  (heart,  pectoralis  major,  liver,  brain,  eye,  and  testis)  across  22  passerine  species  and  two  outgroup  species.  Using  this  dataset,  I  ask  which  macroevolutionary  models  -  specifically  the  Brownian  motion  and  Ornstein-  Uhlenbeck  process  -  best  ft  the  patterns  of  gene  expression  observed  in  these  clades  and  what  genes  are  differentially  expressed  between  oscines  and  suboscines.  My  findings  indicate  that  most  genes'  expression  are  best  ft  by  a  Brownian  motion  model  of  evolution  with  only  a  small  selection  best  ft  by  the  Ornstein  Uhlenbeck  process  indicating  the  strong  role  of  phylogenetic  structure  or  drift  in  between-clade  gene  expression  evolution  dynamics.  I  further  find  that  differential  expression  between  avian  clades  is  enriched  for  genes  with  broad,  systemic  roles  rather  than  tissue-specific  functions.  Expanding  on  this,  I  examine  the  relationship  between  gene  expression  evolution  and  life  history  traits  by  interrogating  the  correlation  of  differential  expression  with  the  key  avian  traits  of  diet  and  migration.  My  results  from  evolutionary  model  ft  analyses  indicate  that  migratory  strategy  significantly  influences  gene  expression  in  the  brain  whereas  diet  had  a  broader  impact  across  multiple  tissues,  strongly  shaping  gene  expression  in  the  brain,  heart,  liver,  and  pectoralis  major.  Similarly,  the  results  from  a  differential  expression  analyses  indicated  that,  of  the  tissues  studied,  gonad  and  muscle  were  most  heavily  impacted  by  migratory  strategy  whereas  brain  and  eye  were  most  heavily  associated  with  diet.  Similar  to  the  between  clade  analysis,  GO  term  enrichment  revealed  consistent  terms  across  tissue  types  indicating  an  important  role  in  differential  expression  of  broad,  systematic  roles.  The  findings  from  my  dissertation  indicate  that  gene  expression  in  passerine  birds  is  shaped  by  both  phylogenetic  history  and  ecological  adaptation.  The  overwhelming  support  for  Brownian  motion  suggests  that  genetic  drift  plays  a  primary  role  in  expression  evolution,  whereas  the  support  for  the  Ornstein-Uhlenbeck  model  for  subsets  of  genes  indicates  a  lesser  but  important  role  of  selective  constraints  on  expression.  Differential  expression  between  oscines  and  suboscines  primarily  affects  genes  with  broad,  system-wide  functions,  highlighting  the  evolutionary  divergence  of  core  biological  processes  between  clades.  Conversely,  results  from  life  history  trait  analyses  suggest  such  traits  play  an  important  role  in  expression  evolution,  particularly  in  metabolic  and  physiological  pathways.  Together,  these  results  paint  a  picture  of  gene  expression  evolving  under  a  balance  of  constraints  and  flexibility  in  which  phylogenetic  history  dictates  foundational  patterns  and  life  history  traits  refine  expression  in  functionally  relevant  pathways.This  work  adds  to  the  growing  body  of  evidence  that  gene  expression  patterns  are  shaped  both  by  phylogenetic  and  selective  pressures  linked  to  life  history.  By  integrating  macroevolutionary  models  with  transcriptomic  data,  this  study  advances  our  understanding  of  how  gene  regulation  relates  to  phenotypic  diversity  across  species.  As  transcriptomic  datasets  continue  to  expand  in  taxonomic  scope,  such  approaches  will  be  important  to  disentangling  the  evolutionary  forces  shaping  molecular  and  functional  diversity.  The  findings  presented  herein  enhance  our  understanding  of  gene  expression  evolution  and  provide  valuable  insights  into  how  life  history  traits  correlate  with  gene  expression  across  species.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aZoology
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aForestry
■650  4▼aEvolution  &  development
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aGene  expression
■653    ▼aEvolutionary  biology
■653    ▼aMacroevolutionary  dynamics
■653    ▼aOrnstein  Uhlenbeck  process
■690    ▼a0472
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0478
■690    ▼a0412
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bBiology,  Organismic  and  Evolutionary.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356692▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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