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Structural Bases for Regulation of Actin Filament Ends by Diverse Factors
Structural Bases for Regulation of Actin Filament Ends by Diverse Factors
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103020
- ISBN
- 9798280756236
- DDC
- 574.191
- 저자명
- Barrie, Kyle R.
- 서명/저자
- Structural Bases for Regulation of Actin Filament Ends by Diverse Factors
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Pennsylvania, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 142 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Dominguez, Roberto.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Actin is the most abundant cytosolic protein in eukaryotes where it plays essential roles in a variety of ubiquitous processes including cell and organelle motility, cytokinesis, endocytosis, and muscle contraction. Central to actin's function is its ability to transition between monomeric (G-actin) and filamentous (F-actin) forms. Each actin subunit within F-actin is orientated in the same direction, affording structural and kinetic polarity to the filament; the 'barbed' (or +) end grows severalfold faster than the 'pointed' (or -) end in cells. This asymmetry underlies many actin-based processes; the barbed end is directed toward cellular membranes so that its fast growth can generate protrusive forces that reshape the membrane while the pointed end is directed away and loses subunits so that they may be recycled for incorporation at the barbed end. In turn, numerous regulatory proteins converge at the ends to fine-tune F-actin assembly and disassembly dynamics through diverse and poorly understood mechanisms. In this work, we developed a strategy for determining structures of actin filament ends, both alone and bound to several different effectors, using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). Structures of the unbound barbed end pointed ends reveal conformational differences in terminal actin subunits that are favorable for subunit association and dissociation, respectively. Structures of the barbed and pointed ends bound to CapZ and tropomodulin, respectively, show how these so-called 'capping proteins' block subunit exchange. Structures of the barbed end bound to formins and profilin reveal a stepwise mechanism for formin-mediated acceleration of barbed end elongation. Structures of the barbed end bound to gelsolin reveal its mechanism of F-actin severing and subsequent barbed end capping. Finally, we determined the cryo-EM structure of CARMIL bound to CapZ which, coupled with biochemical studies, reveals how CARMIL reduces the affinity of CapZ for the barbed end. Together, these studies substantially advance foundational understanding of actin filament end regulation by diverse and unrelated proteins.
- 일반주제명
- Biophysics
- 일반주제명
- Biochemistry
- 일반주제명
- Physiology
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology
- 일반주제명
- Molecular biology
- 키워드
- Actin filament
- 키워드
- Capping proteins
- 기타저자
- University of Pennsylvania Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798280756236
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31844380
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a574.191
■1001 ▼aBarrie, Kyle R.
■24510▼aStructural Bases for Regulation of Actin Filament Ends by Diverse Factors
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Pennsylvania▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a142 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Dominguez, Roberto.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2025.
■520 ▼aActin is the most abundant cytosolic protein in eukaryotes where it plays essential roles in a variety of ubiquitous processes including cell and organelle motility, cytokinesis, endocytosis, and muscle contraction. Central to actin's function is its ability to transition between monomeric (G-actin) and filamentous (F-actin) forms. Each actin subunit within F-actin is orientated in the same direction, affording structural and kinetic polarity to the filament; the 'barbed' (or +) end grows severalfold faster than the 'pointed' (or -) end in cells. This asymmetry underlies many actin-based processes; the barbed end is directed toward cellular membranes so that its fast growth can generate protrusive forces that reshape the membrane while the pointed end is directed away and loses subunits so that they may be recycled for incorporation at the barbed end. In turn, numerous regulatory proteins converge at the ends to fine-tune F-actin assembly and disassembly dynamics through diverse and poorly understood mechanisms. In this work, we developed a strategy for determining structures of actin filament ends, both alone and bound to several different effectors, using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). Structures of the unbound barbed end pointed ends reveal conformational differences in terminal actin subunits that are favorable for subunit association and dissociation, respectively. Structures of the barbed and pointed ends bound to CapZ and tropomodulin, respectively, show how these so-called 'capping proteins' block subunit exchange. Structures of the barbed end bound to formins and profilin reveal a stepwise mechanism for formin-mediated acceleration of barbed end elongation. Structures of the barbed end bound to gelsolin reveal its mechanism of F-actin severing and subsequent barbed end capping. Finally, we determined the cryo-EM structure of CARMIL bound to CapZ which, coupled with biochemical studies, reveals how CARMIL reduces the affinity of CapZ for the barbed end. Together, these studies substantially advance foundational understanding of actin filament end regulation by diverse and unrelated proteins.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0175.
■650 4▼aBiophysics
■650 4▼aBiochemistry
■650 4▼aPhysiology
■650 4▼aCellular biology
■650 4▼aMolecular biology
■653 ▼aActin cytoskeleton
■653 ▼aCryo-electron microscopy
■653 ▼aStructural biology
■653 ▼aActin filament
■653 ▼aCapping proteins
■690 ▼a0786
■690 ▼a0487
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0307
■690 ▼a0719
■71020▼aUniversity of Pennsylvania▼bBiochemistry and Molecular Biophysics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-12B.
■790 ▼a0175
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356703▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


