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Perspectives From the Juno Microwave Radiometer: Probing Jupiter's Deep Rock Clouds, Thermochemistry and High-Energy Electron Precipitation over Northern Aurora
Perspectives From the Juno Microwave Radiometer: Probing Jupiter's Deep Rock Clouds, Therm...
Perspectives From the Juno Microwave Radiometer: Probing Jupiter's Deep Rock Clouds, Thermochemistry and High-Energy Electron Precipitation over Northern Aurora

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103649
ISBN  
9798314875506
DDC  
621.3678
저자명  
Bhattacharya, Ananyo.
서명/저자  
Perspectives From the Juno Microwave Radiometer: Probing Jupiters Deep Rock Clouds, Thermochemistry and High-Energy Electron Precipitation over Northern Aurora
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
236 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Atreya, Sushil;Li, Cheng.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Microwave remote sensing from Earth and space-borne instruments have been crucial to understanding the atmospheric dynamics of Jupiter and monitoring its space environment. Probing Jupiter's atmosphere below the water cloud region offers valuable insights into Jupiter's deep convective-diffusive transport and overall energy balance. The inventory of heavy elements in the Jovian envelope, including condensable volatile species, provides us with inference about the origin and evolution of Jupiter. Jupiter's magnetic field interacts with its upper atmosphere through precipitation of energetic electrons and ions. The contribution of high-energy electrons to auroral heating, ionization, and chemical kinetic processes serves to couple the Jovian magnetosphere to its upper atmosphere.The Juno Microwave Radiometer instrument measures the thermal radiation emitted by Jupiter's atmosphere at six different frequency bands. It is sensitive to changes in the microwave opacity of the Jovian atmosphere. The 600 MHz channel is sensitive to microwave opacity sources originating between 100-1000 bar deep into the atmosphere. Rock cloud-forming alkali metals such as sodium and potassium, are expected to undergo thermal ionization at pressures exceeding 100 bar, providing free electrons opaque to microwave radiation. Measurement of Jovian thermal emission and its angular dependence constrains the free-electron density of the deep atmosphere. Free electrons produced by the thermal ionization of alkali vapors can be leveraged to constrain the abundance of sodium and potassium, revealed to be 10-2 to 10-5 times their solar photospheric abundances. This result contrasts with the enrichment of heavy elements at pressures above 20 bar measured by the Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer, hinting at a potential compositional gradient. It has implications for heat and mass transport within the Jovian envelope.Deep below the water clouds, the alkali metals react with other constituents in the Jovian atmosphere. The thermochemistry of alkali metals with other condensable volatile affects the concentration of charge carriers and alkali salt-cloud thickness. Numerical modeling of Jovian thermochemical equilibrium reveals the formation of stable anions such as HS- and Cl- driven by partial decomposition of atmospheric H$_{2}$S and HCl, and consequent electron attachment process. These high-temperature chemical reactions remove a proportion of free electrons, elevating the alkali metal abundances ~ 0.1 times their solar abundance. Alternatively, enrichment of either Na or K partially matches with MWR observations, contingent on the existence of alkali metals sequestered at levels deeper than pressure regimes sensitive to the MWR instrument. This analysis negates the possibility of a deep radiative layer on the basis of contemporary estimations of Jupiter's atmospheric opacity. Knowledge of atmospheric chemistry improves the understanding of heavy-element reservoirs in Jupiter's envelope.The MWR measurements within the main auroral oval show low brightness temperatures compared to the deep thermal emission. Electron precipitation-driven ionization is expected to cause an increase in ionospheric electron density that leads to the absorption of microwaves near 1 GHz in a highly collisional medium. Electron energies with 1 MeV or higher penetrate below the methane homopause to increase microwave opacity, exhibiting a strong variation over tens of seconds. The microwave data provides a complementary perspective to understand magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere coupling in addition to the in-situ electron flux and ultraviolet auroral emissions observed by Juno. Atmospheric models of microwave radiative transfer, chemical kinetics, and electron precipitation are applied to present a comprehensive theory of Jupiter's deep atmosphere and polar aurorae, informed by synergistic observations from Juno.
일반주제명  
Remote sensing
일반주제명  
Astronomy
일반주제명  
Aeronomy
일반주제명  
Atmospheric chemistry
키워드  
Planetary science
키워드  
Microwave remote sensing
키워드  
Jupiter
키워드  
Aurora
키워드  
Clouds
기타저자  
University of Michigan Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■24510▼aPerspectives  From  the  Juno  Microwave  Radiometer:  Probing  Jupiter's  Deep  Rock  Clouds,  Thermochemistry  and  High-Energy  Electron  Precipitation  over  Northern  Aurora
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a236  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Atreya,  Sushil;Li,  Cheng.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aMicrowave  remote  sensing  from  Earth  and  space-borne  instruments  have  been  crucial  to  understanding  the  atmospheric  dynamics  of  Jupiter  and  monitoring  its  space  environment.  Probing  Jupiter's  atmosphere  below  the  water  cloud  region  offers  valuable  insights  into  Jupiter's  deep  convective-diffusive  transport  and  overall  energy  balance.  The  inventory  of  heavy  elements  in  the  Jovian  envelope,  including  condensable  volatile  species,  provides  us  with  inference  about  the  origin  and  evolution  of  Jupiter.  Jupiter's  magnetic  field  interacts  with  its  upper  atmosphere  through  precipitation  of  energetic  electrons  and  ions.  The  contribution  of  high-energy  electrons  to  auroral  heating,  ionization,  and  chemical  kinetic  processes  serves  to  couple  the  Jovian  magnetosphere  to  its  upper  atmosphere.The  Juno  Microwave  Radiometer  instrument  measures  the  thermal  radiation  emitted  by  Jupiter's  atmosphere  at  six  different  frequency  bands.  It  is  sensitive  to  changes  in  the  microwave  opacity  of  the  Jovian  atmosphere.  The  600  MHz  channel  is  sensitive  to  microwave  opacity  sources  originating  between  100-1000  bar  deep  into  the  atmosphere.  Rock  cloud-forming  alkali  metals  such  as  sodium  and  potassium,  are  expected  to  undergo  thermal  ionization  at  pressures  exceeding  100  bar,  providing  free  electrons  opaque  to  microwave  radiation.  Measurement  of  Jovian  thermal  emission  and  its  angular  dependence  constrains  the  free-electron  density  of  the  deep  atmosphere.  Free  electrons  produced  by  the  thermal  ionization  of  alkali  vapors  can  be  leveraged  to  constrain  the  abundance  of  sodium  and  potassium,  revealed  to  be  10-2  to  10-5  times  their  solar  photospheric  abundances.  This  result  contrasts  with  the  enrichment  of  heavy  elements  at  pressures  above  20  bar  measured  by  the  Galileo  Probe  Mass  Spectrometer,  hinting  at  a  potential  compositional  gradient.  It  has  implications  for  heat  and  mass  transport  within  the  Jovian  envelope.Deep  below  the  water  clouds,  the  alkali  metals  react  with  other  constituents  in  the  Jovian  atmosphere.  The  thermochemistry  of  alkali  metals  with  other  condensable  volatile  affects  the  concentration  of  charge  carriers  and  alkali  salt-cloud  thickness.  Numerical  modeling  of  Jovian  thermochemical  equilibrium  reveals  the  formation  of  stable  anions  such  as  HS-  and  Cl-  driven  by  partial  decomposition  of  atmospheric  H$_{2}$S  and  HCl,  and  consequent  electron  attachment  process.  These  high-temperature  chemical  reactions  remove  a  proportion  of  free  electrons,  elevating  the  alkali  metal  abundances  ~  0.1  times  their  solar  abundance.  Alternatively,  enrichment  of  either  Na  or  K  partially  matches  with  MWR  observations,  contingent  on  the  existence  of  alkali  metals  sequestered  at  levels  deeper  than  pressure  regimes  sensitive  to  the  MWR  instrument.  This  analysis  negates  the  possibility  of  a  deep  radiative  layer  on  the  basis  of  contemporary  estimations  of  Jupiter's  atmospheric  opacity.  Knowledge  of  atmospheric  chemistry  improves  the  understanding  of  heavy-element  reservoirs  in  Jupiter's  envelope.The  MWR  measurements  within  the  main  auroral  oval  show  low  brightness  temperatures  compared  to  the  deep  thermal  emission.  Electron  precipitation-driven  ionization  is  expected  to  cause  an  increase  in  ionospheric  electron  density  that  leads  to  the  absorption  of  microwaves  near  1  GHz  in  a  highly  collisional  medium.  Electron  energies  with  1  MeV  or  higher  penetrate  below  the  methane  homopause  to  increase  microwave  opacity,  exhibiting  a  strong  variation  over  tens  of  seconds.  The  microwave  data  provides  a  complementary  perspective  to  understand  magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere  coupling  in  addition  to  the  in-situ  electron  flux  and  ultraviolet  auroral  emissions  observed  by  Juno.  Atmospheric  models  of  microwave  radiative  transfer,  chemical  kinetics,  and  electron  precipitation  are  applied  to  present  a  comprehensive  theory  of  Jupiter's  deep  atmosphere  and  polar  aurorae,  informed  by  synergistic  observations  from  Juno.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aRemote  sensing
■650  4▼aAstronomy
■650  4▼aAeronomy
■650  4▼aAtmospheric  chemistry
■653    ▼aPlanetary  science
■653    ▼aMicrowave  remote  sensing
■653    ▼aJupiter
■653    ▼aAurora
■653    ▼aClouds
■690    ▼a0367
■690    ▼a0606
■690    ▼a0799
■690    ▼a0371
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bClimate  and  Space  Sciences  and  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-11B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358137▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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