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On the Effects of Radiation to REBCO-Based Superconducting Magnets in the Race to Compact High-Field Fusion
On the Effects of Radiation to REBCO-Based Superconducting Magnets in the Race to Compact High-Field Fusion
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105115
- ISBN
- 9798297601826
- DDC
- 539.76
- 서명/저자
- On the Effects of Radiation to REBCO-Based Superconducting Magnets in the Race to Compact High-Field Fusion
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 403 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Hosemann, Peter.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Controlled thermonuclear fusion research has gained tremendous momentum in recent years due to several key materials and engineering advances, as highlighted by the significant concomitant financial investment from both government and private sectors in several countries across the world. This enticing alternative to current energy paradigms promises virtually inexhaustible power with zero carbon emissions and negligible radioactive byproducts compared to conventional nuclear power plants. Magnetic confinement fusion, which utilizes high-field magnets to confine plasma heated to thermonuclear reaction, is arguably the most technologically mature path to commercially viable power plants. Recent performance and commercial advancements in the high-temperature superconductors, particularly Rare-Earth Barium Copper Oxide (REBCO), have made them leading candidate materials for near-term compact fusion magnets. However, the microstructural integrity and thus performance of REBCO is known to be sensitive to radiation, making it essential to understand its operational limits under realistic in-service conditions anticipated in these future high-field compact reactors. In this work, we theoretically and experimentally investigated the effect of radiation on REBCO and other superconducting magnet materials. We begin by reviewing the fundamental theories underlying controlled magnetic confinement fusion, including nuclear physics and reactions, nuclear materials science and engineering, basic and applied superconductivity, REBCO materials science and engineering, and the Ginzburg-Landau-mediated vortex dynamics characteristic of type-II superconducting cuprates. We conclude this chapter on theory by reviewing the literature on the known effects of radiation on REBCO coated conductors in the context of their application as fusion magnet materials. In addition to the review article, three experimental studies were performed which broadly tackled the effect of radiation on superconducting magnets. In our first study, gamma irradiations at 25, 50, 75, and 100 MGy were done on the industry-standard CTD-101K epoxy resin system, 'mix-61' developed by the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), and the resin system developed for the ATLAS Experiment's End Cap Toroid (ECT) magnet. Physical analysis, mechanical testing, and microscopy revealed generally superior properties for pristine NHMFL mix-61 and ATLAS-ECT, but superior radiation resistance for CTD-101K. In our second study, we simulated the ion spectrum expected to evolve from REBCO's nickel-based Hastelloy C-276 substrate and copper stabilizer in a compact reactor architecture and emulated this via ion implantation. This study revealed that the substrate and stabilizer are capable of producing alpha particles energetic enough to deposit 7.54x1014 ions/cm2 or 50.1 helium appm in the superconducting layer over a 30-year reactor lifetime, among other findings. In our third and final study, we examined how variations in impinging neutron spectra affect REBCO's microstructure, comparing the traditional fission neutrons of the Belgian Reactor 2 (BR2) with the harder, more fusion-like spectrum from a thick-target deuteron breakup (TTDB) neutron field, in a first-of-its-kind coated-conductor irradiation at the 88-Inch Cyclotron. Gamma spectroscopy revealed distinct 137Cs and 88Y peaks in the 88-Inch samples unseen in the BR2 samples, and electron microscopy revealed prevalent lattice distortions on both 88-Inch and BR2 samples, but classic collision cascades-~25 nm in diameter and somewhat elliptical-only in the latter. Overall, the results of both ion and neutron irradiation studies underscore the need for species and spectrum-specific evaluations of superconducting magnet materials for next-generation compact fusion reactors, since their high-energy neutrons would drive qualitatively different damage mechanisms than those observed with emulating ion-beam accelerators or conventional fission reactors.
- 일반주제명
- Nuclear engineering
- 일반주제명
- Materials science
- 일반주제명
- Physics
- 일반주제명
- Engineering
- 키워드
- Fusion
- 키워드
- Vortex dynamics
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Nuclear Engineering
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008260126s2025 us c eng d■001000017359409
■00520260202105115
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798297601826
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32237354
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a539.76
■1001 ▼aReis, Christopher.
■24510▼aOn the Effects of Radiation to REBCO-Based Superconducting Magnets in the Race to Compact High-Field Fusion
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a403 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Hosemann, Peter.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aControlled thermonuclear fusion research has gained tremendous momentum in recent years due to several key materials and engineering advances, as highlighted by the significant concomitant financial investment from both government and private sectors in several countries across the world. This enticing alternative to current energy paradigms promises virtually inexhaustible power with zero carbon emissions and negligible radioactive byproducts compared to conventional nuclear power plants. Magnetic confinement fusion, which utilizes high-field magnets to confine plasma heated to thermonuclear reaction, is arguably the most technologically mature path to commercially viable power plants. Recent performance and commercial advancements in the high-temperature superconductors, particularly Rare-Earth Barium Copper Oxide (REBCO), have made them leading candidate materials for near-term compact fusion magnets. However, the microstructural integrity and thus performance of REBCO is known to be sensitive to radiation, making it essential to understand its operational limits under realistic in-service conditions anticipated in these future high-field compact reactors. In this work, we theoretically and experimentally investigated the effect of radiation on REBCO and other superconducting magnet materials. We begin by reviewing the fundamental theories underlying controlled magnetic confinement fusion, including nuclear physics and reactions, nuclear materials science and engineering, basic and applied superconductivity, REBCO materials science and engineering, and the Ginzburg-Landau-mediated vortex dynamics characteristic of type-II superconducting cuprates. We conclude this chapter on theory by reviewing the literature on the known effects of radiation on REBCO coated conductors in the context of their application as fusion magnet materials. In addition to the review article, three experimental studies were performed which broadly tackled the effect of radiation on superconducting magnets. In our first study, gamma irradiations at 25, 50, 75, and 100 MGy were done on the industry-standard CTD-101K epoxy resin system, 'mix-61' developed by the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), and the resin system developed for the ATLAS Experiment's End Cap Toroid (ECT) magnet. Physical analysis, mechanical testing, and microscopy revealed generally superior properties for pristine NHMFL mix-61 and ATLAS-ECT, but superior radiation resistance for CTD-101K. In our second study, we simulated the ion spectrum expected to evolve from REBCO's nickel-based Hastelloy C-276 substrate and copper stabilizer in a compact reactor architecture and emulated this via ion implantation. This study revealed that the substrate and stabilizer are capable of producing alpha particles energetic enough to deposit 7.54x1014 ions/cm2 or 50.1 helium appm in the superconducting layer over a 30-year reactor lifetime, among other findings. In our third and final study, we examined how variations in impinging neutron spectra affect REBCO's microstructure, comparing the traditional fission neutrons of the Belgian Reactor 2 (BR2) with the harder, more fusion-like spectrum from a thick-target deuteron breakup (TTDB) neutron field, in a first-of-its-kind coated-conductor irradiation at the 88-Inch Cyclotron. Gamma spectroscopy revealed distinct 137Cs and 88Y peaks in the 88-Inch samples unseen in the BR2 samples, and electron microscopy revealed prevalent lattice distortions on both 88-Inch and BR2 samples, but classic collision cascades-~25 nm in diameter and somewhat elliptical-only in the latter. Overall, the results of both ion and neutron irradiation studies underscore the need for species and spectrum-specific evaluations of superconducting magnet materials for next-generation compact fusion reactors, since their high-energy neutrons would drive qualitatively different damage mechanisms than those observed with emulating ion-beam accelerators or conventional fission reactors.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aNuclear engineering
■650 4▼aMaterials science
■650 4▼aPhysics
■650 4▼aEngineering
■653 ▼aFusion
■653 ▼aRadiation effects
■653 ▼aRare-Earth Barium Copper Oxide
■653 ▼aSuperconductivity
■653 ▼aVortex dynamics
■690 ▼a0552
■690 ▼a0794
■690 ▼a0537
■690 ▼a0605
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bNuclear Engineering.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-04B.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359409▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
