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Healthcare Access, Utilization, and Cognitive Decline Among Latino Ethnic Groups: A Disaggregated Analysis of the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA)
Healthcare Access, Utilization, and Cognitive Decline Among Latino Ethnic Groups: A Disaggregated Analysis of the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA)
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105117
- ISBN
- 9798290968841
- DDC
- 610.73
- 서명/저자
- Healthcare Access, Utilization, and Cognitive Decline Among Latino Ethnic Groups: A Disaggregated Analysis of the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA)
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : New York University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 166 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Sadarangani, Tina.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Background: The Latino population in the United States (US) is expected to have the largest projected growth in persons living with dementia by 2060 relative to other racial and ethnic groups. Evidence suggests that health insurance enables access to healthcare services, which may, in turn, prevent cognitive decline and avoidable healthcare utilization (e.g., fewer hospitalizations). As such, health insurance represents a potentially modifiable intervention point, particularly for Latino populations at elevated risk for dementia. However, the dearth of data on middle-aged and older Latino ethnic groups has made it difficult to examine the relationship between health insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognitive decline across different policy-relevant population characteristics and groups. Moreover, there is limited knowledge about the role of specific Latino ethnicity and sociocultural factors (e.g., family cohesion) in influencing the relationships between health insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognitive decline. Objective: The overall objective of this dissertation was to characterize the associations between health insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognitive decline among Latino adults 50 years of age by disaggregated Latino ethnicity (Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, South American, Central American, More than One/Other). The Specific Aims were to: 1) investigate differences in health insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognitive decline across diverse Latino ethnic groups, and provide methodological considerations for data disaggregation, 2) examine the associations between cognitive impairment and healthcare utilization and whether these associations are moderated by Latino ethnicity, and 3) examine the relationship between health insurance status and cognitive decline across disaggregated Latino ethnic groups and to what extent Latino ethnicity and family cohesion moderate these relationships.Methods: To address Aim 1, we disaggregated secondary data from the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). Our analysis consisted of aggregated and disaggregated data, which was then further stratified by intersectional identities (sex and language preference). For Aim 2, a series of weighted logistic regressions and a two-way interaction term were used. Aim 3 utilized survey-weighted, sequential linear regression models, two-way, and three-way interaction terms were utilized. Results: Data disaggregation illustrated significant differences between groups that would otherwise be missed without subgroup analysis. We discussed common limitations associated with data disaggregation and how prospective researchers may improve best practices in secondary data analyses. Logistic regression analyses showed significant associations as Latino participants with cognitive impairment were twice as likely to report overall healthcare utilization (OR=1.94, p=0.013, 95% CI [1.15, 3.27]) and 1.5 times more likely to report avoidable healthcare utilization (OR=1.51, p=0.004, 95% CI [1.14, 1.98]). We observed in the two-way interaction that only one ethnic group, Puerto Ricans with cognitive impairment (OR=2.61, p =0.014, 95% CI [1.22, 5.59]), was more likely to have avoidable healthcare utilization than Mexican respondents without cognitive impairment. Results from the sequential linear regression showed a significant association between lack of health insurance and improved cognition (β = 0.14, p = 0.006, 95% CI [0.04, 0.25]) (see Table 3). However, the direction of the association suggested that the absence of health insurance was linked to improved cognitive function, an unanticipated finding that counters our initial hypothesis. After adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic status variables, the direction of the association reversed, aligning with our initial hypothesis that lack of health insurance would be associated with cognitive decline. This association was no longer statistically significant after adjustment (β = -0.01, p = 0.9, 95% CI [-0.11, 0.10]). The two-way interaction between health insurance status and Latino ethnicity on cognitive decline was not significant (e.g., Cuban; b=-0.04, p=0.8), nor was the three-way interaction between health insurance status, Latino ethnicity, and family cohesion (e.g., Dominicans; b=-0.29, p= 0.6).Conclusions: This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by disaggregating Latino ethnic groups to assess the links between insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognition. The findings underscore the need for culturally informed, community-based care models tailored to diverse Latino populations. Associations between cognitive impairment and avoidable utilization likely reflect underlying disparities in preventive care access. Current immigration policies, which exert "chilling effects" on healthcare access for Latino populations, act as political determinants of health. Findings from this dissertation support the development of inclusive public health and immigration policies that promote health equity and mitigate cognitive decline in Latino communities.
- 일반주제명
- Nursing
- 일반주제명
- Health sciences
- 일반주제명
- Latin American studies
- 키워드
- Health equity
- 키워드
- Dementia
- 키워드
- Health insurance
- 기타저자
- New York University College of Nursing
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798290968841
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32237562
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a610.73
■1001 ▼aFernandez Cajavilca, Moroni.
■24510▼aHealthcare Access, Utilization, and Cognitive Decline Among Latino Ethnic Groups: A Disaggregated Analysis of the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA)
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNew York University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a166 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Sadarangani, Tina.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2025.
■520 ▼aBackground: The Latino population in the United States (US) is expected to have the largest projected growth in persons living with dementia by 2060 relative to other racial and ethnic groups. Evidence suggests that health insurance enables access to healthcare services, which may, in turn, prevent cognitive decline and avoidable healthcare utilization (e.g., fewer hospitalizations). As such, health insurance represents a potentially modifiable intervention point, particularly for Latino populations at elevated risk for dementia. However, the dearth of data on middle-aged and older Latino ethnic groups has made it difficult to examine the relationship between health insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognitive decline across different policy-relevant population characteristics and groups. Moreover, there is limited knowledge about the role of specific Latino ethnicity and sociocultural factors (e.g., family cohesion) in influencing the relationships between health insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognitive decline. Objective: The overall objective of this dissertation was to characterize the associations between health insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognitive decline among Latino adults 50 years of age by disaggregated Latino ethnicity (Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, South American, Central American, More than One/Other). The Specific Aims were to: 1) investigate differences in health insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognitive decline across diverse Latino ethnic groups, and provide methodological considerations for data disaggregation, 2) examine the associations between cognitive impairment and healthcare utilization and whether these associations are moderated by Latino ethnicity, and 3) examine the relationship between health insurance status and cognitive decline across disaggregated Latino ethnic groups and to what extent Latino ethnicity and family cohesion moderate these relationships.Methods: To address Aim 1, we disaggregated secondary data from the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). Our analysis consisted of aggregated and disaggregated data, which was then further stratified by intersectional identities (sex and language preference). For Aim 2, a series of weighted logistic regressions and a two-way interaction term were used. Aim 3 utilized survey-weighted, sequential linear regression models, two-way, and three-way interaction terms were utilized. Results: Data disaggregation illustrated significant differences between groups that would otherwise be missed without subgroup analysis. We discussed common limitations associated with data disaggregation and how prospective researchers may improve best practices in secondary data analyses. Logistic regression analyses showed significant associations as Latino participants with cognitive impairment were twice as likely to report overall healthcare utilization (OR=1.94, p=0.013, 95% CI [1.15, 3.27]) and 1.5 times more likely to report avoidable healthcare utilization (OR=1.51, p=0.004, 95% CI [1.14, 1.98]). We observed in the two-way interaction that only one ethnic group, Puerto Ricans with cognitive impairment (OR=2.61, p =0.014, 95% CI [1.22, 5.59]), was more likely to have avoidable healthcare utilization than Mexican respondents without cognitive impairment. Results from the sequential linear regression showed a significant association between lack of health insurance and improved cognition (β = 0.14, p = 0.006, 95% CI [0.04, 0.25]) (see Table 3). However, the direction of the association suggested that the absence of health insurance was linked to improved cognitive function, an unanticipated finding that counters our initial hypothesis. After adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic status variables, the direction of the association reversed, aligning with our initial hypothesis that lack of health insurance would be associated with cognitive decline. This association was no longer statistically significant after adjustment (β = -0.01, p = 0.9, 95% CI [-0.11, 0.10]). The two-way interaction between health insurance status and Latino ethnicity on cognitive decline was not significant (e.g., Cuban; b=-0.04, p=0.8), nor was the three-way interaction between health insurance status, Latino ethnicity, and family cohesion (e.g., Dominicans; b=-0.29, p= 0.6).Conclusions: This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by disaggregating Latino ethnic groups to assess the links between insurance, healthcare utilization, and cognition. The findings underscore the need for culturally informed, community-based care models tailored to diverse Latino populations. Associations between cognitive impairment and avoidable utilization likely reflect underlying disparities in preventive care access. Current immigration policies, which exert "chilling effects" on healthcare access for Latino populations, act as political determinants of health. Findings from this dissertation support the development of inclusive public health and immigration policies that promote health equity and mitigate cognitive decline in Latino communities.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0146.
■650 4▼aNursing
■650 4▼aHealth sciences
■650 4▼aLatin American studies
■653 ▼aLatino population
■653 ▼aData disaggregation
■653 ▼aHealth equity
■653 ▼aDementia
■653 ▼aHealth insurance
■690 ▼a0569
■690 ▼a0566
■690 ▼a0769
■690 ▼a0550
■71020▼aNew York University▼bCollege of Nursing.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-02A.
■790 ▼a0146
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359420▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


