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Early-Life Pulmonary Infection, Microbiome and Trained Innate Immunity
Early-Life Pulmonary Infection, Microbiome and Trained Innate Immunity
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105238
- ISBN
- 9798291568101
- DDC
- 576
- 서명/저자
- Early-Life Pulmonary Infection, Microbiome and Trained Innate Immunity
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 166 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Huffnagle, Gary B.;Lukacs, Nicholas W.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common human pathogen that infects nearly all children by the age of two. Infection results in severe lower respiratory tract disease (e.g., bronchiolitis) due to heightened mucus production and lung damage mediated by the immune system. Severe RSV-driven bronchiolitis is strongly correlated with recurrent wheezing later in childhood. The ability of RSV to alter local lung responses has been suggested by multiple clinical studies and strongly supported by studies that examine the long-term transcriptional and epigenetic changes following infection. More recently, RSV has shown the ability to also cause long-term changes in the bone marrow, the site of hematopoiesis where all immune cell precursors develop and begin to mature. In addition to these persistent immune system changes, RSV infection alters the mucosal microbiomes of the lung and gastrointestinal tract in infants. Previous studies in asthma and other allergy-driven immunopathology have suggested interplay between the gastrointestinal microbiome and the development of allergic disease. However, the systemic differences in the gastrointestinal microbiome and immune cell development in the bone marrow following RSV have not been previously defined.Our studies on the role of microbiome alteration show that early-life (EL) RSV (ELRSV) infection leads to long-term changes in the lung and gastrointestinal microbiomes. We utilized gnotobiotic microbiome transfer models with ELRSV infection to evaluate the contribution of an altered microbiome and infection upon allergic predisposition. The presence of a microbiome during ELRSV infection protects against allergen exacerbation and the timing of colonization is important as to how effectively the microbiome alters the allergic response. Adult colonization with a conventional microbiome provides protection against airway hyperreactivity (AHR) whereas neonatal colonization provides protection against AHR, immune cell infiltration, and the production of allergy-skewing cytokines. Taken together, these data suggest that both RSV infection and microbiome both contribute to allergic predisposition.Our studies on the alteration of bone marrow (BM) precursors show that monocytes, precursors of inflammatory dendritic cells required for the development of allergic inflammation, are epigenetically altered following ELRSV infection leading to functional changes. Specifically, histone modifications associated with increased transcription were found in pro-inflammatory genes and genes encoding histone demethylases that can alter chromatin accessibility indicating 'trained innate immunity'. Intriguingly, adoptive transfer studies of BM monocytes from ELRSV mice decreased the inflammatory response to allergen. To profile the overall BM compartment, BM chimeras and BM hematopoietic progenitor single-nuclei RNA/ATAC multiomics were performed. We observed no differences in the response to allergen in naive or ELRSV-infected chimeras. However, multiomics approaches revealed increased expression of proteins that dimerize to form the transcription factor (TF), AP-1, across all progenitor populations in the bone marrow. AP-1 can function as a pioneering TF with the ability to induce global transcriptional programs in cells. Taken together, these data suggest that ELRSV infection results in widespread epigenetic and functional changes in bone marrow precursors (e.g., monocytes) that may drive allergic predisposition.Collectively, these studies highlight the importance of systemic alterations in both the bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract following ELRSV infection upon allergic predisposition. These data validate the role of the gastrointestinal microbiome upon allergic disease and long-term alteration of immune cell precursors. Following infection, both factors should be considered as potential predictors of subsequent wheezing and the development of asthma. Further studies investigating the mechanistic underpinnings of these changes are warranted.
- 일반주제명
- Microbiology
- 일반주제명
- Bioinformatics
- 일반주제명
- Immunology
- 일반주제명
- Virology
- 키워드
- Microbiome
- 키워드
- Epigenetics
- 키워드
- Bone marrow
- 기타저자
- University of Michigan Immunology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798291568101
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■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham006289
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a576
■1001 ▼aEthridge, Alexander D.
■24510▼aEarly-Life Pulmonary Infection, Microbiome and Trained Innate Immunity
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Michigan▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a166 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Huffnagle, Gary B.;Lukacs, Nicholas W.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
■520 ▼aRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common human pathogen that infects nearly all children by the age of two. Infection results in severe lower respiratory tract disease (e.g., bronchiolitis) due to heightened mucus production and lung damage mediated by the immune system. Severe RSV-driven bronchiolitis is strongly correlated with recurrent wheezing later in childhood. The ability of RSV to alter local lung responses has been suggested by multiple clinical studies and strongly supported by studies that examine the long-term transcriptional and epigenetic changes following infection. More recently, RSV has shown the ability to also cause long-term changes in the bone marrow, the site of hematopoiesis where all immune cell precursors develop and begin to mature. In addition to these persistent immune system changes, RSV infection alters the mucosal microbiomes of the lung and gastrointestinal tract in infants. Previous studies in asthma and other allergy-driven immunopathology have suggested interplay between the gastrointestinal microbiome and the development of allergic disease. However, the systemic differences in the gastrointestinal microbiome and immune cell development in the bone marrow following RSV have not been previously defined.Our studies on the role of microbiome alteration show that early-life (EL) RSV (ELRSV) infection leads to long-term changes in the lung and gastrointestinal microbiomes. We utilized gnotobiotic microbiome transfer models with ELRSV infection to evaluate the contribution of an altered microbiome and infection upon allergic predisposition. The presence of a microbiome during ELRSV infection protects against allergen exacerbation and the timing of colonization is important as to how effectively the microbiome alters the allergic response. Adult colonization with a conventional microbiome provides protection against airway hyperreactivity (AHR) whereas neonatal colonization provides protection against AHR, immune cell infiltration, and the production of allergy-skewing cytokines. Taken together, these data suggest that both RSV infection and microbiome both contribute to allergic predisposition.Our studies on the alteration of bone marrow (BM) precursors show that monocytes, precursors of inflammatory dendritic cells required for the development of allergic inflammation, are epigenetically altered following ELRSV infection leading to functional changes. Specifically, histone modifications associated with increased transcription were found in pro-inflammatory genes and genes encoding histone demethylases that can alter chromatin accessibility indicating 'trained innate immunity'. Intriguingly, adoptive transfer studies of BM monocytes from ELRSV mice decreased the inflammatory response to allergen. To profile the overall BM compartment, BM chimeras and BM hematopoietic progenitor single-nuclei RNA/ATAC multiomics were performed. We observed no differences in the response to allergen in naive or ELRSV-infected chimeras. However, multiomics approaches revealed increased expression of proteins that dimerize to form the transcription factor (TF), AP-1, across all progenitor populations in the bone marrow. AP-1 can function as a pioneering TF with the ability to induce global transcriptional programs in cells. Taken together, these data suggest that ELRSV infection results in widespread epigenetic and functional changes in bone marrow precursors (e.g., monocytes) that may drive allergic predisposition.Collectively, these studies highlight the importance of systemic alterations in both the bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract following ELRSV infection upon allergic predisposition. These data validate the role of the gastrointestinal microbiome upon allergic disease and long-term alteration of immune cell precursors. Following infection, both factors should be considered as potential predictors of subsequent wheezing and the development of asthma. Further studies investigating the mechanistic underpinnings of these changes are warranted.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0127.
■650 4▼aMicrobiology
■650 4▼aBioinformatics
■650 4▼aImmunology
■650 4▼aVirology
■653 ▼aMicrobiome
■653 ▼aPulmonary infection
■653 ▼aRespiratory syncytial virus
■653 ▼aEpigenetics
■653 ▼aBone marrow
■690 ▼a0982
■690 ▼a0410
■690 ▼a0715
■690 ▼a0720
■71020▼aUniversity of Michigan▼bImmunology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03B.
■790 ▼a0127
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359939▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


