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Early-Life Pulmonary Infection, Microbiome and Trained Innate Immunity
Early-Life Pulmonary Infection, Microbiome and Trained Innate Immunity
Early-Life Pulmonary Infection, Microbiome and Trained Innate Immunity

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105238
ISBN  
9798291568101
DDC  
576
저자명  
Ethridge, Alexander D.
서명/저자  
Early-Life Pulmonary Infection, Microbiome and Trained Innate Immunity
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
166 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Huffnagle, Gary B.;Lukacs, Nicholas W.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common human pathogen that infects nearly all children by the age of two. Infection results in severe lower respiratory tract disease (e.g., bronchiolitis) due to heightened mucus production and lung damage mediated by the immune system. Severe RSV-driven bronchiolitis is strongly correlated with recurrent wheezing later in childhood. The ability of RSV to alter local lung responses has been suggested by multiple clinical studies and strongly supported by studies that examine the long-term transcriptional and epigenetic changes following infection. More recently, RSV has shown the ability to also cause long-term changes in the bone marrow, the site of hematopoiesis where all immune cell precursors develop and begin to mature. In addition to these persistent immune system changes, RSV infection alters the mucosal microbiomes of the lung and gastrointestinal tract in infants. Previous studies in asthma and other allergy-driven immunopathology have suggested interplay between the gastrointestinal microbiome and the development of allergic disease. However, the systemic differences in the gastrointestinal microbiome and immune cell development in the bone marrow following RSV have not been previously defined.Our studies on the role of microbiome alteration show that early-life (EL) RSV (ELRSV) infection leads to long-term changes in the lung and gastrointestinal microbiomes. We utilized gnotobiotic microbiome transfer models with ELRSV infection to evaluate the contribution of an altered microbiome and infection upon allergic predisposition. The presence of a microbiome during ELRSV infection protects against allergen exacerbation and the timing of colonization is important as to how effectively the microbiome alters the allergic response. Adult colonization with a conventional microbiome provides protection against airway hyperreactivity (AHR) whereas neonatal colonization provides protection against AHR, immune cell infiltration, and the production of allergy-skewing cytokines. Taken together, these data suggest that both RSV infection and microbiome both contribute to allergic predisposition.Our studies on the alteration of bone marrow (BM) precursors show that monocytes, precursors of inflammatory dendritic cells required for the development of allergic inflammation, are epigenetically altered following ELRSV infection leading to functional changes. Specifically, histone modifications associated with increased transcription were found in pro-inflammatory genes and genes encoding histone demethylases that can alter chromatin accessibility indicating 'trained innate immunity'. Intriguingly, adoptive transfer studies of BM monocytes from ELRSV mice decreased the inflammatory response to allergen. To profile the overall BM compartment, BM chimeras and BM hematopoietic progenitor single-nuclei RNA/ATAC multiomics were performed. We observed no differences in the response to allergen in naive or ELRSV-infected chimeras. However, multiomics approaches revealed increased expression of proteins that dimerize to form the transcription factor (TF), AP-1, across all progenitor populations in the bone marrow. AP-1 can function as a pioneering TF with the ability to induce global transcriptional programs in cells. Taken together, these data suggest that ELRSV infection results in widespread epigenetic and functional changes in bone marrow precursors (e.g., monocytes) that may drive allergic predisposition.Collectively, these studies highlight the importance of systemic alterations in both the bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract following ELRSV infection upon allergic predisposition. These data validate the role of the gastrointestinal microbiome upon allergic disease and long-term alteration of immune cell precursors. Following infection, both factors should be considered as potential predictors of subsequent wheezing and the development of asthma. Further studies investigating the mechanistic underpinnings of these changes are warranted.
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
일반주제명  
Immunology
일반주제명  
Virology
키워드  
Microbiome
키워드  
Pulmonary infection
키워드  
Respiratory syncytial virus
키워드  
Epigenetics
키워드  
Bone marrow
기타저자  
University of Michigan Immunology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aEthridge,  Alexander  D.
■24510▼aEarly-Life  Pulmonary  Infection,  Microbiome  and  Trained  Innate  Immunity
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a166  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Huffnagle,  Gary  B.;Lukacs,  Nicholas  W.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aRespiratory  syncytial  virus  (RSV)  is  a  common  human  pathogen  that  infects  nearly  all  children  by  the  age  of  two.  Infection  results  in  severe  lower  respiratory  tract  disease  (e.g.,  bronchiolitis)  due  to  heightened  mucus  production  and  lung  damage  mediated  by  the  immune  system.  Severe  RSV-driven  bronchiolitis  is  strongly  correlated  with  recurrent  wheezing  later  in  childhood.  The  ability  of  RSV  to  alter  local  lung  responses  has  been  suggested  by  multiple  clinical  studies  and  strongly  supported  by  studies  that  examine  the  long-term  transcriptional  and  epigenetic  changes  following  infection.  More  recently,  RSV  has  shown  the  ability  to  also  cause  long-term  changes  in  the  bone  marrow,  the  site  of  hematopoiesis  where  all  immune  cell  precursors  develop  and  begin  to  mature.  In  addition  to  these  persistent  immune  system  changes,  RSV  infection  alters  the  mucosal  microbiomes  of  the  lung  and  gastrointestinal  tract  in  infants.  Previous  studies  in  asthma  and  other  allergy-driven  immunopathology  have  suggested  interplay  between  the  gastrointestinal  microbiome  and  the  development  of  allergic  disease.  However,  the  systemic  differences  in  the  gastrointestinal  microbiome  and  immune  cell  development  in  the  bone  marrow  following  RSV  have  not  been  previously  defined.Our  studies  on  the  role  of  microbiome  alteration  show  that  early-life  (EL)  RSV  (ELRSV)  infection  leads  to  long-term  changes  in  the  lung  and  gastrointestinal  microbiomes.  We  utilized  gnotobiotic  microbiome  transfer  models  with  ELRSV  infection  to  evaluate  the  contribution  of  an  altered  microbiome  and  infection  upon  allergic  predisposition.  The  presence  of  a  microbiome  during  ELRSV  infection  protects  against  allergen  exacerbation  and  the  timing  of  colonization  is  important  as  to  how  effectively  the  microbiome  alters  the  allergic  response.  Adult  colonization  with  a  conventional  microbiome  provides  protection  against  airway  hyperreactivity  (AHR)  whereas  neonatal  colonization  provides  protection  against  AHR,  immune  cell  infiltration,  and  the  production  of  allergy-skewing  cytokines.  Taken  together,  these  data  suggest  that  both  RSV  infection  and  microbiome  both  contribute  to  allergic  predisposition.Our  studies  on  the  alteration  of  bone  marrow  (BM)  precursors  show  that  monocytes,  precursors  of  inflammatory  dendritic  cells  required  for  the  development  of  allergic  inflammation,  are  epigenetically  altered  following  ELRSV  infection  leading  to  functional  changes.  Specifically,  histone  modifications  associated  with  increased  transcription  were  found  in  pro-inflammatory  genes  and  genes  encoding  histone  demethylases  that  can  alter  chromatin  accessibility  indicating  'trained  innate  immunity'.  Intriguingly,  adoptive  transfer  studies  of  BM  monocytes  from  ELRSV  mice  decreased  the  inflammatory  response  to  allergen.  To  profile  the  overall  BM  compartment,  BM  chimeras  and  BM  hematopoietic  progenitor  single-nuclei  RNA/ATAC  multiomics  were  performed.  We  observed  no  differences  in  the  response  to  allergen  in  naive  or  ELRSV-infected  chimeras.  However,  multiomics  approaches  revealed  increased  expression  of  proteins  that  dimerize  to  form  the  transcription  factor  (TF),  AP-1,  across  all  progenitor  populations  in  the  bone  marrow.  AP-1  can  function  as  a  pioneering  TF  with  the  ability  to  induce  global  transcriptional  programs  in  cells.  Taken  together,  these  data  suggest  that  ELRSV  infection  results  in  widespread  epigenetic  and  functional  changes  in  bone  marrow  precursors  (e.g.,  monocytes)  that  may  drive  allergic  predisposition.Collectively,  these  studies  highlight  the  importance  of  systemic  alterations  in  both  the  bone  marrow  and  gastrointestinal  tract  following  ELRSV  infection  upon  allergic  predisposition.  These  data  validate  the  role  of  the  gastrointestinal  microbiome  upon  allergic  disease  and  long-term  alteration  of  immune  cell  precursors.  Following  infection,  both  factors  should  be  considered  as  potential  predictors  of  subsequent  wheezing  and  the  development  of  asthma.  Further  studies  investigating  the  mechanistic  underpinnings  of  these  changes  are  warranted.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■650  4▼aImmunology
■650  4▼aVirology
■653    ▼aMicrobiome
■653    ▼aPulmonary  infection
■653    ▼aRespiratory  syncytial  virus
■653    ▼aEpigenetics
■653    ▼aBone  marrow
■690    ▼a0982
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0715
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bImmunology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359939▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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