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Exploring the Effects of Exposure Condition and Working Memory on L2 Spanish Morphosyntactic Development and Noticing
Exploring the Effects of Exposure Condition and Working Memory on L2 Spanish Morphosyntact...
Exploring the Effects of Exposure Condition and Working Memory on L2 Spanish Morphosyntactic Development and Noticing

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105254
ISBN  
9798297643253
DDC  
400
저자명  
Arroyo Ensuncho, Diana Cristina.
서명/저자  
Exploring the Effects of Exposure Condition and Working Memory on L2 Spanish Morphosyntactic Development and Noticing
발행사항  
[Sl] : Indiana University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
282 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Yilmaz, Yucel.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Previous research has compared learners who receive direct exposure to corrective feedback targeting their errors to those who receive such feedback indirectly by overhearing it, with findings generally favoring direct exposure. However, it remains unclear to what extent mixed exposure (a combination of direct and indirect exposure) can facilitate language development, as no study to date has rigorously examined how it compares to direct or indirect exposure alone. This dissertation seeks to fill this gap by exploring how the type of exposure to recasts (direct, indirect, and mixed) influences the acquisition of gender agreement and differential object marking (DOM) in L2 Spanish, as well as the noticing of recasts. Additionally, given the potential impact of individual cognitive abilities, such as working memory, on learners' ability to benefit from correction, it is worth examining their role in different exposure conditions. Research on how working memory interacts with these exposure conditions remains limited. This dissertation aims to fill this second gap by examining the role of working memory in the acquisition of the two linguistic targets in L2 Spanish and the noticing of recasts under the different exposure conditions. The study uses an experimental design that includes a pretest, an immediate posttest, and a delayed posttest. Eighty-five English-speaking learners of Spanish were randomly divided into four groups: mixed exposure, direct exposure, indirect exposure, and control. Participants in the treatment groups worked in pairs to complete four information-gap tasks, during which the researcher provided recasts tailored to each participant's exposure condition. Each participant in the direct exposure condition was paired with an indirect exposure condition. Both participants in this dyad contributed equally to completing the tasks, but only the participants in the direct exposure condition received corrections to their errors. Thus, the indirect exposure participant overheard the corrections addressed to the direct exposure. Participants in the mixed exposure condition completed the tasks with another participant in the same treatment condition, and they both received corrections targeting their own errors and overheard the corrections targeting the other participant. The control group completed the same tasks in dyads as well, but neither participant received feedback, and they did not overhear any corrections. Learners' linguistic development was measured using three instruments administered at pretest, posttest, and delayed posttest: self-paced reading (SPR), oral production tasks (OPT), and grammaticality judgment tests (GJT). Noticing was measured through a debriefing questionnaire. Working memory was assessed with an operation span (OSPAN) task. Results from the linguistic development measures showed that the OPT was the most sensitive to differences in exposure conditions. The results indicate that both direct and mixed exposure conditions significantly improved learners' oral production, likely due to increased opportunities for noticing and cognitive comparison, whereas indirect exposure alone resulted in more limited gains. Similarly, the mixed exposure and the direct exposure were more beneficial than the indirect exposure and the no feedback condition for learners to notice the recasts. Additionally, working memory was not a significant predictor of L2 development or learners' noticing of recasts. The positive outcomes for the direct and mixed exposure groups align with previous research (Doughty, 2001; Doughty & Williams, 1998; Gass & Mackey, 2020; Long, 1998, 2006), which emphasizes the advantages of feedback that directly targets learners' communicative output during meaningful interaction.
일반주제명  
Foreign language instruction
일반주제명  
Language arts
키워드  
Exposure condition
키워드  
L2 spanish
키워드  
Language instruction
키워드  
Noticing
키워드  
Recasts
키워드  
Working memory
기타저자  
Indiana University Second Language Studies
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aArroyo  Ensuncho,  Diana  Cristina.▼0(orcid)0000-0001-5877-1383
■24510▼aExploring  the  Effects  of  Exposure  Condition  and  Working  Memory  on  L2  Spanish  Morphosyntactic  Development  and  Noticing
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bIndiana  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a282  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Yilmaz,  Yucel.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Indiana  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aPrevious  research  has  compared  learners  who  receive  direct  exposure  to  corrective  feedback  targeting  their  errors  to  those  who  receive  such  feedback  indirectly  by  overhearing  it,  with  findings  generally  favoring  direct  exposure.  However,  it  remains  unclear  to  what  extent  mixed  exposure  (a  combination  of  direct  and  indirect  exposure)  can  facilitate  language  development,  as  no  study  to  date  has  rigorously  examined  how  it  compares  to  direct  or  indirect  exposure  alone.  This  dissertation  seeks  to  fill  this  gap  by  exploring  how  the  type  of  exposure  to  recasts  (direct,  indirect,  and  mixed)  influences  the  acquisition  of  gender  agreement  and  differential  object  marking  (DOM)  in  L2  Spanish,  as  well  as  the  noticing  of  recasts.  Additionally,  given  the  potential  impact  of  individual  cognitive  abilities,  such  as  working  memory,  on  learners'  ability  to  benefit  from  correction,  it  is  worth  examining  their  role  in  different  exposure  conditions.  Research  on  how  working  memory  interacts  with  these  exposure  conditions  remains  limited.  This  dissertation  aims  to  fill  this  second  gap  by  examining  the  role  of  working  memory  in  the  acquisition  of  the  two  linguistic  targets  in  L2  Spanish  and  the  noticing  of  recasts  under  the  different  exposure  conditions.  The  study  uses  an  experimental  design  that  includes  a  pretest,  an  immediate  posttest,  and  a  delayed  posttest.  Eighty-five  English-speaking  learners  of  Spanish  were  randomly  divided  into  four  groups:  mixed  exposure,  direct  exposure,  indirect  exposure,  and  control.  Participants  in  the  treatment  groups  worked  in  pairs  to  complete  four  information-gap  tasks,  during  which  the  researcher  provided  recasts  tailored  to  each  participant's  exposure  condition.  Each  participant  in  the  direct  exposure  condition  was  paired  with  an  indirect  exposure  condition.  Both  participants  in  this  dyad  contributed  equally  to  completing  the  tasks,  but  only  the  participants  in  the  direct  exposure  condition  received  corrections  to  their  errors.  Thus,  the  indirect  exposure  participant  overheard  the  corrections  addressed  to  the  direct  exposure.  Participants  in  the  mixed  exposure  condition  completed  the  tasks  with  another  participant  in  the  same  treatment  condition,  and  they  both  received  corrections  targeting  their  own  errors  and  overheard  the  corrections  targeting  the  other  participant.  The  control  group  completed  the  same  tasks  in  dyads  as  well,  but  neither  participant  received  feedback,  and  they  did  not  overhear  any  corrections.  Learners'  linguistic  development  was  measured  using  three  instruments  administered  at  pretest,  posttest,  and  delayed  posttest:  self-paced  reading  (SPR),  oral  production  tasks  (OPT),  and  grammaticality  judgment  tests  (GJT).  Noticing  was  measured  through  a  debriefing  questionnaire.  Working  memory  was  assessed  with  an  operation  span  (OSPAN)  task.  Results  from  the  linguistic  development  measures  showed  that  the  OPT  was  the  most  sensitive  to  differences  in  exposure  conditions.  The  results  indicate  that  both  direct  and  mixed  exposure  conditions  significantly  improved  learners'  oral  production,  likely  due  to  increased  opportunities  for  noticing  and  cognitive  comparison,  whereas  indirect  exposure  alone  resulted  in  more  limited  gains.  Similarly,  the  mixed  exposure  and  the  direct  exposure  were  more  beneficial  than  the  indirect  exposure  and  the  no  feedback  condition  for  learners  to  notice  the  recasts.  Additionally,  working  memory  was  not  a  significant  predictor  of  L2  development  or  learners'  noticing  of  recasts.  The  positive  outcomes  for  the  direct  and  mixed  exposure  groups  align  with  previous  research  (Doughty,  2001;  Doughty  &  Williams,  1998;  Gass  &  Mackey,  2020;  Long,  1998,  2006),  which  emphasizes  the  advantages  of  feedback  that  directly  targets  learners'  communicative  output  during  meaningful  interaction.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0093.
■650  4▼aForeign  language  instruction
■650  4▼aLanguage  arts
■653    ▼aExposure  condition
■653    ▼aL2  spanish
■653    ▼aLanguage  instruction
■653    ▼aNoticing
■653    ▼aRecasts
■653    ▼aWorking  memory
■690    ▼a0444
■690    ▼a0279
■71020▼aIndiana  University▼bSecond  Language  Studies.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04A.
■790    ▼a0093
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360031▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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