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Electrophiles as Tools for Protein Targeting: Applications in Inverse Drug Discovery and 19F NMR Studies
Electrophiles as Tools for Protein Targeting: Applications in Inverse Drug Discovery and 19F NMR Studies
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105255
- ISBN
- 9798297994768
- DDC
- 540
- 저자명
- Norman, Sarah M.
- 서명/저자
- Electrophiles as Tools for Protein Targeting: Applications in Inverse Drug Discovery and 19F NMR Studies
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The Scripps Research Institute, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 250 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Kelly, Jeffery W.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Scripps Research Institute, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The drug discovery process frequently faces limitations due to the large cost of time, money, energy and resources. There have therefore been large efforts, especially within recent years as we grow in our understanding of disease pathology, to render drug discovery more efficient. Historically, there were concerns surrounding the use of covalent drugs, ones which bind to their target(s) irreversibly, due to the concern of off-target reactivity and subsequent toxicity. Despite this hesitation, numerous drugs were shown to work through a covalent mechanism of action (MOA) after their therapeutic efficacy was already well established (e.g., Omeprazole, Aspirin, Penicillin), highlighting the great therapeutic potential of covalent drugs. In recent years, the advent of chemoproteomics along with the employment of weaker electrophiles has led to a vast increase in the number of covalent drugs seen in both literature and the clinic. An alternative strategy to more traditional drug discovery efforts is termed Inverse Drug Discovery (IDD) and is a proposed method from a collaboration between the Kelly, Sharpless and Cravatt labs, wherein a weakly reactive electrophile with an alkyne handle incorporated into its structure is screened against the entire proteome of a living cell. This target-agnostic method uses quantitative chemoproteomics to identify and quantify the target proteins. A summary of the history of covalent drug discovery to modern drug discovery including IDD can be found in the Introduction.Chapter II describes the application of IDD using second-generation arylfluorosulates, an electrophilic species derived from the chemistry of sulfur(VI)-fluoride exchange (SuFEx). These arylfluorosulfates were derived from novel phenols generated using C-H activation chemistry. This effort led to the identification of N1e2, a stereoprobe of the endoplasmic reticulum's (ER) resident heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Immunofluorescence (IF) imaging and cell-based fluorescence assays reveal the potential of N1e2 to be harnessed as a cellular stress sensor for imaging purposes or for screening (e.g. high throughput screening (HTS)).Chapter III differs in that it explores the use of electrophiles, not as therapeutic agents, but as tools for studying proteins by 19F NMR. Electrophiles with a trifluoromethyl group (-CF3) incorporated into their structure can be harnessed as powerful tools to study protein biology by 19F NMR. One frequently used cysteine-selective 19F NMR probe is 3-bromo-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-one (BTFA), owing to its high labeling efficiency, small size and commercial availability. BTFA rapidly hydrates in the presence of water, leading to the presence of multiple species (depending on the solvent used) by 19F NMR. This phenomenon led us to the discovery of a previously undisclosed side reaction that BTFA is capable of after cysteine alkylation. A survey of known and newly designed (and in some cases synthesized) 19F NMR probes was performed against a transthyretin (TTR) double mutant protein (C10A/S85C) to assess their labeling efficiency and cysteine selectivity. 2-Iodo-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)acetamide (ITFEA), a commercially available CF3-based probe, was identified as being the most comparable to BTFA, with a very similar labeling efficiency after 1h at RT (80 vs 90%). ITFEA also does not undergo hydration nor the same side reactivity as BTFA does under the same conditions, presenting a reasonable alternative for NMR spectroscopists and protein biochemists to use.
- 일반주제명
- Chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Biochemistry
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology
- 일반주제명
- Immunology
- 키워드
- Drug discovery
- 키워드
- Transthyretin
- 기타저자
- The Scripps Research Institute Chemistry
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798297994768
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32278069
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a540
■1001 ▼aNorman, Sarah M.
■24510▼aElectrophiles as Tools for Protein Targeting: Applications in Inverse Drug Discovery and 19F NMR Studies
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe Scripps Research Institute▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a250 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Kelly, Jeffery W.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The Scripps Research Institute, 2025.
■520 ▼aThe drug discovery process frequently faces limitations due to the large cost of time, money, energy and resources. There have therefore been large efforts, especially within recent years as we grow in our understanding of disease pathology, to render drug discovery more efficient. Historically, there were concerns surrounding the use of covalent drugs, ones which bind to their target(s) irreversibly, due to the concern of off-target reactivity and subsequent toxicity. Despite this hesitation, numerous drugs were shown to work through a covalent mechanism of action (MOA) after their therapeutic efficacy was already well established (e.g., Omeprazole, Aspirin, Penicillin), highlighting the great therapeutic potential of covalent drugs. In recent years, the advent of chemoproteomics along with the employment of weaker electrophiles has led to a vast increase in the number of covalent drugs seen in both literature and the clinic. An alternative strategy to more traditional drug discovery efforts is termed Inverse Drug Discovery (IDD) and is a proposed method from a collaboration between the Kelly, Sharpless and Cravatt labs, wherein a weakly reactive electrophile with an alkyne handle incorporated into its structure is screened against the entire proteome of a living cell. This target-agnostic method uses quantitative chemoproteomics to identify and quantify the target proteins. A summary of the history of covalent drug discovery to modern drug discovery including IDD can be found in the Introduction.Chapter II describes the application of IDD using second-generation arylfluorosulates, an electrophilic species derived from the chemistry of sulfur(VI)-fluoride exchange (SuFEx). These arylfluorosulfates were derived from novel phenols generated using C-H activation chemistry. This effort led to the identification of N1e2, a stereoprobe of the endoplasmic reticulum's (ER) resident heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Immunofluorescence (IF) imaging and cell-based fluorescence assays reveal the potential of N1e2 to be harnessed as a cellular stress sensor for imaging purposes or for screening (e.g. high throughput screening (HTS)).Chapter III differs in that it explores the use of electrophiles, not as therapeutic agents, but as tools for studying proteins by 19F NMR. Electrophiles with a trifluoromethyl group (-CF3) incorporated into their structure can be harnessed as powerful tools to study protein biology by 19F NMR. One frequently used cysteine-selective 19F NMR probe is 3-bromo-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-one (BTFA), owing to its high labeling efficiency, small size and commercial availability. BTFA rapidly hydrates in the presence of water, leading to the presence of multiple species (depending on the solvent used) by 19F NMR. This phenomenon led us to the discovery of a previously undisclosed side reaction that BTFA is capable of after cysteine alkylation. A survey of known and newly designed (and in some cases synthesized) 19F NMR probes was performed against a transthyretin (TTR) double mutant protein (C10A/S85C) to assess their labeling efficiency and cysteine selectivity. 2-Iodo-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)acetamide (ITFEA), a commercially available CF3-based probe, was identified as being the most comparable to BTFA, with a very similar labeling efficiency after 1h at RT (80 vs 90%). ITFEA also does not undergo hydration nor the same side reactivity as BTFA does under the same conditions, presenting a reasonable alternative for NMR spectroscopists and protein biochemists to use.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 1179.
■650 4▼aChemistry
■650 4▼aBiochemistry
■650 4▼aCellular biology
■650 4▼aImmunology
■653 ▼aDrug discovery
■653 ▼aInverse Drug Discovery
■653 ▼aEndoplasmic reticulum
■653 ▼aImmunofluorescence
■653 ▼aTransthyretin
■690 ▼a0485
■690 ▼a0487
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0982
■71020▼aThe Scripps Research Institute▼bChemistry.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-05B.
■790 ▼a1179
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360038▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


