본문

서브메뉴

Characterization of Water-Soluble Metals in Urban Aerosols and Comparative Analysis of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential in a Subarctic City
Characterization of Water-Soluble Metals in Urban Aerosols and Comparative Analysis of PM2...
Characterization of Water-Soluble Metals in Urban Aerosols and Comparative Analysis of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential in a Subarctic City

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260209102910
ISBN  
9798265400413
DDC  
600
저자명  
Yang, Yuhan.
서명/저자  
Characterization of Water-Soluble Metals in Urban Aerosols and Comparative Analysis of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential in a Subarctic City
발행사항  
[Sl] : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
255 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Weber, Rodney J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약Epidemiological studies have established a link between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass and adverse health-related issues. Particle oxidative potential (OP), referring to the redox ability of PM, is a possible unifying concept that connects a host of adverse health effects, but has not been well studied in subarctic regions. Furthermore, there is a notable absence of comparative investigations regarding OP across cities with distinct sources, as well as between indoor and outdoor environments. In this dissertation, we investigated the OP of PM2.5 in wintertime Fairbanks, Alaska, which is a subarctic city with episodic severe PM2.5 concentrations during winter associated with large residential heating emissions, and compared it to Atlanta and Los Angeles. Approximately 40 23.5-hr filter samples were collected during the 2022 winter heating season and analyzed for OP via the dithiothreitol-depletion (OPDTT) and hydroxyl-generation (OPOH) assays. Multivariate linear regression analysis, correlations with source tracers, and contrast between cold and warmer events indicated that OPDTT was sensitive to copper, elemental carbon and organic aerosol from residential wood burning, and OPOH to iron and organic aerosol from vehicles. Fairbanks exhibited higher PM2.5 mass concentrations than Atlanta and Los Angeles, while OPDTT levels were similar between Fairbanks and Atlanta. Los Angeles had the highest OPDTT and OPOH levels. Differences were due to contrasting emissions from biomass burning and vehicles. Indoor PM2.5 at the residential site was also investigated with OPDTT and compared to outdoor levels. Indoor perturbation experiments showed intrinsic OPDTT (OPDTT per PM2.5 mass, a measure of toxicity) was highly dependent on the type of activity; pellet stove emissions had high toxicity while cooking emissions were substantially lower. These findings demonstrate the importance of sources and specific aerosol components, such as transition metals and organic species, providing valuable insights beyond PM2.5 mass concentration in assessing air quality.While OP of organic species has been investigated in a number of studies, the linkage between transition metals and aerosol adverse health effect is not very well understood. One possibility is that transition metals, especially water-soluble redox-active transition metals, such as iron and copper ions in PM, can catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo, leading to oxidative stress and therefore are important contributors to aerosol OP and have a stronger association with adverse health outcomes than PM2.5 mass. In addition, soluble metals and metal nanoparticles are readily transported to the brain from the olfactory mucosa and have been associated with reduced cognitive function and dementia. However, water-soluble metals are operationally defined (as those species in the aqueous filter extract that can penetrate through a 0.45 쨉m syringe filter) and water-soluble species have not been well characterized. In this dissertation, we developed robust liquid spectrophotometric methods for measuring total and soluble Fe and Cu with a relatively inexpensive analytical system. These methods were applied to 24- hour filter samples collected throughout the year 2017 in urban Atlanta. The water-soluble components were further characterized by ultrafiltration, which showed that roughly 85% of both the Fe and Cu in the water-soluble fraction was composed of dissolved species or colloidal particles smaller than nominally 4 nm. The solubility and ultrafiltration components of Fe are possibly associated with both acid-promoted dissolution process and complexation by organic ligands, such as oxalate; oxalate-Fe ligand was mainly found in the smallest ultrafiltrate size ( nominally 2 nm), whereas pH cycling could lead to the formation of colloidal particles with sizes between nominally 2-4 nm. Size distributions of metals of PM samples collected at a roadside site in urban Atlanta showed a shift in watersoluble metals to smaller particle size relative to the size of total metal, moving to more acidic aerosol. The shift was inversely related to the solubility of the metal such that less soluble metals like iron were at smaller particle sizes than more soluble metals like copper, consistent with the large role of particle pH on the dissolution of highly insoluble emitted species. This thesis provides new insights into the specific components of PM2.5 that may be most detrimental to human health.
일반주제명  
Metals
일반주제명  
Nitrates
일반주제명  
Volatile organic compounds--VOCs
일반주제명  
Mass spectrometry
일반주제명  
Hydrocarbons
일반주제명  
Toxicity
일반주제명  
Emissions
일반주제명  
Carbon
일반주제명  
Mortality
일반주제명  
Aerodynamics
일반주제명  
Aerosols
일반주제명  
Suburban areas
일반주제명  
Water
일반주제명  
Copper
일반주제명  
Air pollution
일반주제명  
Morbidity
일반주제명  
Winter
일반주제명  
Scientific imaging
일반주제명  
Outdoor air quality
일반주제명  
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
일반주제명  
Oxidative stress
일반주제명  
Aerospace engineering
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
일반주제명  
Atmospheric sciences
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Organic chemistry
일반주제명  
Toxicology
기타저자  
Georgia Institute of Technology.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008260203s2023        us                              c    eng  d
■001000017365994
■00520260209102910
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798265400413
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32315822
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)GeorgiaTech76798
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a600
■1001  ▼aYang,  Yuhan.
■24510▼aCharacterization  of  Water-Soluble  Metals  in  Urban  Aerosols  and  Comparative  Analysis  of  PM2.5  Oxidative  Potential  in  a  Subarctic  City
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a255  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Weber,  Rodney  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Georgia  Institute  of  Technology,  2023.
■520    ▼aEpidemiological  studies  have  established  a  link  between  fine  particulate  matter  (PM2.5)  mass  and  adverse  health-related  issues.  Particle  oxidative  potential  (OP),  referring  to  the  redox  ability  of  PM,  is  a  possible  unifying  concept  that  connects  a  host  of  adverse  health  effects,  but  has  not  been  well  studied  in  subarctic  regions.  Furthermore,  there  is  a  notable  absence  of  comparative  investigations  regarding  OP  across  cities  with  distinct  sources,  as  well  as  between  indoor  and  outdoor  environments.  In  this  dissertation,  we  investigated  the  OP  of  PM2.5  in  wintertime  Fairbanks,  Alaska,  which  is  a  subarctic  city  with  episodic  severe  PM2.5  concentrations  during  winter  associated  with  large  residential  heating  emissions,  and  compared  it  to  Atlanta  and  Los  Angeles.  Approximately  40  23.5-hr  filter  samples  were  collected  during  the  2022  winter  heating  season  and  analyzed  for  OP  via  the  dithiothreitol-depletion  (OPDTT)  and  hydroxyl-generation  (OPOH)  assays.  Multivariate  linear  regression  analysis,  correlations  with  source  tracers,  and  contrast  between  cold  and  warmer  events  indicated  that  OPDTT  was  sensitive  to  copper,  elemental  carbon  and  organic  aerosol  from  residential  wood  burning,  and  OPOH  to  iron  and  organic  aerosol  from  vehicles.  Fairbanks  exhibited  higher  PM2.5  mass  concentrations  than  Atlanta  and  Los  Angeles,  while  OPDTT  levels  were  similar  between  Fairbanks  and  Atlanta.  Los  Angeles  had  the  highest  OPDTT  and  OPOH  levels.  Differences  were  due  to  contrasting  emissions  from  biomass  burning  and  vehicles.  Indoor  PM2.5  at  the  residential  site  was  also  investigated  with  OPDTT  and  compared  to  outdoor  levels.  Indoor  perturbation  experiments  showed  intrinsic  OPDTT  (OPDTT  per  PM2.5  mass,  a  measure  of  toxicity)  was  highly  dependent  on  the  type  of  activity;  pellet  stove  emissions  had  high  toxicity  while  cooking  emissions  were  substantially  lower.  These  findings  demonstrate  the  importance  of  sources  and  specific  aerosol  components,  such  as  transition  metals  and  organic  species,  providing  valuable  insights  beyond  PM2.5  mass  concentration  in  assessing  air  quality.While  OP  of  organic  species  has  been  investigated  in  a  number  of  studies,  the  linkage  between  transition  metals  and  aerosol  adverse  health  effect  is  not  very  well  understood.  One  possibility  is  that  transition  metals,  especially  water-soluble  redox-active  transition  metals,  such  as  iron  and  copper  ions  in  PM,  can  catalyze  the  production  of  reactive  oxygen  species  (ROS)  in  vivo,  leading  to  oxidative  stress  and  therefore  are  important  contributors  to  aerosol  OP  and  have  a  stronger  association  with  adverse  health  outcomes  than  PM2.5  mass.  In  addition,  soluble  metals  and  metal  nanoparticles  are  readily  transported  to  the  brain  from  the  olfactory  mucosa  and  have  been  associated  with  reduced  cognitive  function  and  dementia.  However,  water-soluble  metals  are  operationally  defined  (as  those  species  in  the  aqueous  filter  extract  that  can  penetrate  through  a  0.45  쨉m  syringe  filter)  and  water-soluble  species  have  not  been  well  characterized.  In  this  dissertation,  we  developed  robust  liquid  spectrophotometric  methods  for  measuring  total  and  soluble  Fe  and  Cu  with  a  relatively  inexpensive  analytical  system.  These  methods  were  applied  to  24-  hour  filter  samples  collected  throughout  the  year  2017  in  urban  Atlanta.  The  water-soluble  components  were  further  characterized  by  ultrafiltration,  which  showed  that  roughly  85%  of  both  the  Fe  and  Cu  in  the  water-soluble  fraction  was  composed  of  dissolved  species  or  colloidal  particles  smaller  than  nominally  4  nm.  The  solubility  and  ultrafiltration  components  of  Fe  are  possibly  associated  with  both  acid-promoted  dissolution  process  and  complexation  by  organic  ligands,  such  as  oxalate;  oxalate-Fe  ligand  was  mainly  found  in  the  smallest  ultrafiltrate  size  (  nominally  2  nm),  whereas  pH  cycling  could  lead  to  the  formation  of  colloidal  particles  with  sizes  between  nominally  2-4  nm.  Size  distributions  of  metals  of  PM  samples  collected  at  a  roadside  site  in  urban  Atlanta  showed  a  shift  in  watersoluble  metals  to  smaller  particle  size  relative  to  the  size  of  total  metal,  moving  to  more  acidic  aerosol.  The  shift  was  inversely  related  to  the  solubility  of  the  metal  such  that  less  soluble  metals  like  iron  were  at  smaller  particle  sizes  than  more  soluble  metals  like  copper,  consistent  with  the  large  role  of  particle  pH  on  the  dissolution  of  highly  insoluble  emitted  species.  This  thesis  provides  new  insights  into  the  specific  components  of  PM2.5  that  may  be  most  detrimental  to  human  health.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0078.
■650  4▼aMetals
■650  4▼aNitrates
■650  4▼aVolatile  organic  compounds--VOCs
■650  4▼aMass  spectrometry
■650  4▼aHydrocarbons
■650  4▼aToxicity
■650  4▼aEmissions
■650  4▼aCarbon
■650  4▼aMortality
■650  4▼aAerodynamics
■650  4▼aAerosols
■650  4▼aSuburban  areas
■650  4▼aWater
■650  4▼aCopper
■650  4▼aAir  pollution
■650  4▼aMorbidity
■650  4▼aWinter
■650  4▼aScientific  imaging
■650  4▼aOutdoor  air  quality
■650  4▼aChronic  obstructive  pulmonary  disease
■650  4▼aOxidative  stress
■650  4▼aAerospace  engineering
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■650  4▼aAtmospheric  sciences
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aOrganic  chemistry
■650  4▼aToxicology
■690    ▼a0538
■690    ▼a0486
■690    ▼a0725
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0490
■690    ▼a0383
■71020▼aGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0078
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17365994▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF16146 전자도서 대출가능 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청 야간 도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.