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Comparative Effectiveness of Levonorgestrel (LNG) Implant and Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) Injectable for Pregnancy Prevention Among Women Living With HIV on Efavirenz or Dolutegravir
Comparative Effectiveness of Levonorgestrel (LNG) Implant and Depot Medroxyprogesterone Ac...
Comparative Effectiveness of Levonorgestrel (LNG) Implant and Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) Injectable for Pregnancy Prevention Among Women Living With HIV on Efavirenz or Dolutegravir

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103023
ISBN  
9798315715078
DDC  
614.4
저자명  
Mollan, Katie R.
서명/저자  
Comparative Effectiveness of Levonorgestrel (LNG) Implant and Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) Injectable for Pregnancy Prevention Among Women Living With HIV on Efavirenz or Dolutegravir
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
121 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Pence, Brian W.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약In sub-Saharan Africa, and specifically Malawi, numerous women of reproductive age are living with HIV (WLHIV) on life-long antiretroviral treatment (ART). Effective family-planning (FP) methods prevent unintended pregnancy, and thus can reduce vertical HIV transmission and maternal mortality. However, drug-drug interactions exist between certain hormonal contraceptives and ART. This dissertation compares the effectiveness of two leading, reversible contraceptive methods in Malawi- the levonorgestrel (LNG) implant and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injectable-for WLHIV on efavirenz (EFV) or dolutegravir (DTG)-containing ART.We analyzed a prospective cohort study that enrolled 1,359 WLHIV on ART who recently initiated either LNG implant or DMPA injectable. Incident pregnancies were measured by urine pregnancy testing and pregnancy diagnosis at study visits conducted every 24 weeks over 96 to 192 weeks of follow-up. Marginal structural models were applied to evaluate comparative effectiveness of LNG implant vs. DMPA injectable.Among WLHIV using EFV-based ART, estimated pregnancy incidence rates were 6.6/100 PY (95% CI: 5.0, 8.7) in the LNG implant group and 7.3/100 PY (95% CI: 5.5, 9.7) in the DMPA group (incidence rate difference [IRD]: -0.7/100 PY, 95% CI: -3.5 to 2.0), based on the contraception initiated at study enrollment and median follow-up of 1.1 years. Results were similar when restricted to the first incident pregnancy during continued, typical use of the enrollment contraceptive method (pregnancy incidence rates: 5.7/100 PY for both LNG implant and DMPA injectable, IRD: 0.0 (95% CI: -2.6, 2.7)). Under continued DTG-based ART use among the full FP-ART cohort, we estimated the 192-week probability of incident pregnancy was 2.6% with LNG implant and 16.1% with DMPA injectable, each under continued and typical contraceptive method use (probability difference: -13.5%, 95% CI: -20.1%, -7.5%).The LNG implant had effectiveness similar to provider-administrated DMPA injectable for WLHIV using EFV-based ART. In contrast, the LNG implant was highly effective for WLHIV on DTG-based ART, with substantially better typical-use effectiveness than DMPA. For WLHIV, their ART regimen is a key consideration when selecting a new contraceptive method. Providers should carefully counsel their clients on the effectiveness, efficacy, safety risks, and potential drug-drug interactions of each contraceptive method option.
일반주제명  
Epidemiology
일반주제명  
Public health
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Obstetrics
키워드  
Antiretroviral treatment
키워드  
Effective family-planning methods
키워드  
Pregnancy
키워드  
Drug-drug interactions
기타저자  
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Epidemiology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798315715078
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31844844
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a614.4
■1001  ▼aMollan,  Katie  R.
■24510▼aComparative  Effectiveness  of  Levonorgestrel  (LNG)  Implant  and  Depot  Medroxyprogesterone  Acetate  (DMPA)  Injectable  for  Pregnancy  Prevention  Among  Women  Living  With  HIV  on  Efavirenz  or  Dolutegravir
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a121  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Pence,  Brian  W.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill,  2025.
■520    ▼aIn  sub-Saharan  Africa,  and  specifically  Malawi,  numerous  women  of  reproductive  age  are  living  with  HIV  (WLHIV)  on  life-long  antiretroviral  treatment  (ART).  Effective  family-planning  (FP)  methods  prevent  unintended  pregnancy,  and  thus  can  reduce  vertical  HIV  transmission  and  maternal  mortality.  However,  drug-drug  interactions  exist  between  certain  hormonal  contraceptives  and  ART.  This  dissertation  compares  the  effectiveness  of  two  leading,  reversible  contraceptive  methods  in  Malawi-  the  levonorgestrel  (LNG)  implant  and  depot  medroxyprogesterone  acetate  (DMPA)  injectable-for  WLHIV  on  efavirenz  (EFV)  or  dolutegravir  (DTG)-containing  ART.We  analyzed  a  prospective  cohort  study  that  enrolled  1,359  WLHIV  on  ART  who  recently  initiated  either  LNG  implant  or  DMPA  injectable.  Incident  pregnancies  were  measured  by  urine  pregnancy  testing  and  pregnancy  diagnosis  at  study  visits  conducted  every  24  weeks  over  96  to  192  weeks  of  follow-up.  Marginal  structural  models  were  applied  to  evaluate  comparative  effectiveness  of  LNG  implant  vs.  DMPA  injectable.Among  WLHIV  using  EFV-based  ART,  estimated  pregnancy  incidence  rates  were  6.6/100  PY  (95%  CI:  5.0,  8.7)  in  the  LNG  implant  group  and  7.3/100  PY  (95%  CI:  5.5,  9.7)  in  the  DMPA  group  (incidence  rate  difference  [IRD]:  -0.7/100  PY,  95%  CI:  -3.5  to  2.0),  based  on  the  contraception  initiated  at  study  enrollment  and  median  follow-up  of  1.1  years.  Results  were  similar  when  restricted  to  the  first  incident  pregnancy  during  continued,  typical  use  of  the  enrollment  contraceptive  method  (pregnancy  incidence  rates:  5.7/100  PY  for  both  LNG  implant  and  DMPA  injectable,  IRD:  0.0  (95%  CI:  -2.6,  2.7)).  Under  continued  DTG-based  ART  use  among  the  full  FP-ART  cohort,  we  estimated  the  192-week  probability  of  incident  pregnancy  was  2.6%  with  LNG  implant  and  16.1%  with  DMPA  injectable,  each  under  continued  and  typical  contraceptive  method  use  (probability  difference:  -13.5%,  95%  CI:  -20.1%,  -7.5%).The  LNG  implant  had  effectiveness  similar  to  provider-administrated  DMPA  injectable  for  WLHIV  using  EFV-based  ART.  In  contrast,  the  LNG  implant  was  highly  effective  for  WLHIV  on  DTG-based  ART,  with  substantially  better  typical-use  effectiveness  than  DMPA.  For  WLHIV,  their  ART  regimen  is  a  key  consideration  when  selecting  a  new  contraceptive  method.  Providers  should  carefully  counsel  their  clients  on  the  effectiveness,  efficacy,  safety  risks,  and  potential  drug-drug  interactions  of  each  contraceptive  method  option.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0153.
■650  4▼aEpidemiology
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aObstetrics
■653    ▼aAntiretroviral  treatment
■653    ▼aEffective  family-planning  methods
■653    ▼aPregnancy
■653    ▼aDrug-drug  interactions
■690    ▼a0766
■690    ▼a0573
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0380
■71020▼aThe  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill▼bEpidemiology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-11B.
■790    ▼a0153
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356717▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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