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Dissipative Dynamics of Stars, Planets, and Black Holes
Dissipative Dynamics of Stars, Planets, and Black Holes
Dissipative Dynamics of Stars, Planets, and Black Holes

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103652
ISBN  
9798290627342
DDC  
600
저자명  
Ma, Linhao.
서명/저자  
Dissipative Dynamics of Stars, Planets, and Black Holes
발행사항  
[Sl] : California Institute of Technology, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
224 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Fuller, Jim.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약In this dissertation, I present a series of theoretical works on two important dissipative mechanisms in the universe, namely dynamical friction and tidal dissipation. I discuss the physics of these processes, and investigate how they will affect the dynamical evolution of stars, planets, and black holes.I develop a new sub-grid dynamical friction estimator based on the discrete nature of \uD835\uDC41-body simulations. This estimator avoids the ambiguously defined quantities in Chandrasekhar's dynamical friction formula. I test the estimator in the GIZMO code, and find that it agrees well with high-resolution simulations where dynamical friction is fully captured. The additional computational cost with this estimator is negligible, making it an efficient and implementable solution to sub-grid dynamical friction modeling.I study the dynamics of massive black hole seeds in high-redshift galaxies. I analyze the direct \uD835\uDC41-body integration of seed black hole trajectories with high-resolution cosmological simulations, and calculate the dynamics of randomly generated test particles in post-processing with dynamical friction. I find that seed black holes less massive than 108\uD835\uDC40⊙(i.e. all but the already-supermassive seeds) cannot efficiently sink to the galactic center in typical high-redshift galaxies. This finding provides new constraints on the formation models of super-massive black holes in the most distant galaxies.I study the effects of tidal resonance locking for exoplanet systems, in which the planet locks into resonance with a tidally excited stellar gravity mode. I find that due to nonlinear mode damping, resonance locking in Sun-like stars likely only operates for low-mass planets (\uD835\uDC40 ≲ 0.1 \uD835\uDC40J), but in stars with convective cores it can likely operate for all planetary masses. The orbital decay timescale with resonance locking is typically comparable to the star's main-sequence lifetime, corresponding to a wide range in effective stellar quality factor (103 \uD835\uDC44' 109), depending on the planet's mass and orbital period. I make predictions for several individual systems and examine the orbital evolution resulting from both resonance locking and nonlinear wave dissipation.I investigate the tidal spin-up of subdwarf B (sdB) star binaries. I directly calculate the tidal excitation of internal gravity waves in realistic sdB stellar models, and integrate the coupled spin-orbit evolution of sdB binaries. I find that for canonical sdB (\uD835\uDC40sdB= 0.47 \uD835\uDC40⊙) binaries, the transitional orbital period below which they could reach tidal synchronization in the sdB lifetime is ∼ 0.2 days, with weak dependence on the companion masses. This value is very similar to the tidal synchronization boundary evident from observations.I investigate the scenario of tidal spin-up of Wolf-Rayet-black-hole binaries, which is a possible way to form the fast-rotating black holes observed from gravitational wave events. I directly calculate the tidal excitation of oscillation modes in Wolf- Rayet star models, determining the tidal spin-up rate, and integrating the coupled spin-orbit evolution for Wolf-Rayet-black-hole binaries. I find that for short-period orbits and massive Wolf-Rayet stars, the tidal interaction is mostly contributed by standing gravity modes, in contrast to Zahn's model of traveling waves which is frequently assumed in the literature. I show that tidal synchronization is rarely reached in Wolf-Rayet-black-hole binaries, and the resulting black hole spins have \uD835\uDC4E ≲ 0.4 for all but the shortest period (\uD835\uDC43orb≲ 0.5 d) binaries.
일반주제명  
Friction
일반주제명  
Stars & galaxies
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Black holes
기타저자  
California Institute of Technology Physics Mathematics and Astronomy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

 008260126s2024        us                              c    eng  d
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■0820  ▼a600
■1001  ▼aMa,  Linhao.
■24510▼aDissipative  Dynamics  of  Stars,  Planets,  and  Black  Holes
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCalifornia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a224  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Fuller,  Jim.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--California  Institute  of  Technology,  2024.
■520    ▼aIn  this  dissertation,  I  present  a  series  of  theoretical  works  on  two  important  dissipative  mechanisms  in  the  universe,  namely  dynamical  friction  and  tidal  dissipation.  I  discuss  the  physics  of  these  processes,  and  investigate  how  they  will  affect  the  dynamical  evolution  of  stars,  planets,  and  black  holes.I  develop  a  new  sub-grid  dynamical  friction  estimator  based  on  the  discrete  nature  of  \uD835\uDC41-body  simulations.  This  estimator  avoids  the  ambiguously  defined  quantities  in  Chandrasekhar's  dynamical  friction  formula.  I  test  the  estimator  in  the  GIZMO  code,  and  find  that  it  agrees  well  with  high-resolution  simulations  where  dynamical  friction  is  fully  captured.  The  additional  computational  cost  with  this  estimator  is  negligible,  making  it  an  efficient  and  implementable  solution  to  sub-grid  dynamical  friction  modeling.I  study  the  dynamics  of  massive  black  hole  seeds  in  high-redshift  galaxies.  I  analyze  the  direct  \uD835\uDC41-body  integration  of  seed  black  hole  trajectories  with  high-resolution  cosmological  simulations,  and  calculate  the  dynamics  of  randomly  generated  test  particles  in  post-processing  with  dynamical  friction.  I  find  that  seed  black  holes  less  massive  than  108\uD835\uDC40⊙(i.e.  all  but  the  already-supermassive  seeds)  cannot  efficiently  sink  to  the  galactic  center  in  typical  high-redshift  galaxies.  This  finding  provides  new  constraints  on  the  formation  models  of  super-massive  black  holes  in  the  most  distant  galaxies.I  study  the  effects  of  tidal  resonance  locking  for  exoplanet  systems,  in  which  the  planet  locks  into  resonance  with  a  tidally  excited  stellar  gravity  mode.  I  find  that  due  to  nonlinear  mode  damping,  resonance  locking  in  Sun-like  stars  likely  only  operates  for  low-mass  planets  (\uD835\uDC40  ≲  0.1  \uD835\uDC40J),  but  in  stars  with  convective  cores  it  can  likely  operate  for  all  planetary  masses.  The  orbital  decay  timescale  with  resonance  locking  is  typically  comparable  to  the  star's  main-sequence  lifetime,  corresponding  to  a  wide  range  in  effective  stellar  quality  factor  (103  \uD835\uDC44'    109),  depending  on  the  planet's  mass  and  orbital  period.  I  make  predictions  for  several  individual  systems  and  examine  the  orbital  evolution  resulting  from  both  resonance  locking  and  nonlinear  wave  dissipation.I  investigate  the  tidal  spin-up  of  subdwarf  B  (sdB)  star  binaries.  I  directly  calculate  the  tidal  excitation  of  internal  gravity  waves  in  realistic  sdB  stellar  models,  and  integrate  the  coupled  spin-orbit  evolution  of  sdB  binaries.  I  find  that  for  canonical  sdB  (\uD835\uDC40sdB=  0.47  \uD835\uDC40⊙)  binaries,  the  transitional  orbital  period  below  which  they  could  reach  tidal  synchronization  in  the  sdB  lifetime  is  ∼  0.2  days,  with  weak  dependence  on  the  companion  masses.  This  value  is  very  similar  to  the  tidal  synchronization  boundary  evident  from  observations.I  investigate  the  scenario  of  tidal  spin-up  of  Wolf-Rayet-black-hole  binaries,  which  is  a  possible  way  to  form  the  fast-rotating  black  holes  observed  from  gravitational  wave  events.  I  directly  calculate  the  tidal  excitation  of  oscillation  modes  in  Wolf-  Rayet  star  models,  determining  the  tidal  spin-up  rate,  and  integrating  the  coupled  spin-orbit  evolution  for  Wolf-Rayet-black-hole  binaries.  I  find  that  for  short-period  orbits  and  massive  Wolf-Rayet  stars,  the  tidal  interaction  is  mostly  contributed  by  standing  gravity  modes,  in  contrast  to  Zahn's  model  of  traveling  waves  which  is  frequently  assumed  in  the  literature.  I  show  that  tidal  synchronization  is  rarely  reached  in  Wolf-Rayet-black-hole  binaries,  and  the  resulting  black  hole  spins  have  \uD835\uDC4E  ≲  0.4  for  all  but  the  shortest  period  (\uD835\uDC43orb≲  0.5  d)  binaries.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0037.
■650  4▼aFriction
■650  4▼aStars  &  galaxies
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aBlack  holes
■690    ▼a0605
■71020▼aCalifornia  Institute  of  Technology▼bPhysics,  Mathematics  and  Astronomy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0037
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358156▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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