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Targeting Developmental and Inflammatory Factors to Enhance the Neurogenic Potential of Muller Glia
Targeting Developmental and Inflammatory Factors to Enhance the Neurogenic Potential of Mu...
Targeting Developmental and Inflammatory Factors to Enhance the Neurogenic Potential of Muller Glia

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103655
ISBN  
9798314889848
DDC  
616
저자명  
Taylor, Olivia B.
서명/저자  
Targeting Developmental and Inflammatory Factors to Enhance the Neurogenic Potential of Muller Glia
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Ohio State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
214 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Fischer, Andy J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Retinal degeneration, resulting in death of retinal neurons, is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. In non-mammalian vertebrates, Muller glia are promising targets for regeneration, due to their ability to reprogram into progenitor-like cells (MGPCs) and differentiate into retinal neurons to restore sight in cold-blooded vertebrates. Following acute retinal injury, Muller glia are capable of de-differentiating into progenitor-like cells (MGPCs), proliferating, and adopting a neural fate to replace dying neurons. This process is efficient in zebrafish, wherein Muller glia rapidly reprogram to functionally restore vision after ablation of any type of retinal neuron. In the mammalian retina, Muller glia fail to de-differentiate and instead upregulate an inflammatory gliotic program in response to retinal injury. The mature chick retina serves as a unique intermediate between these opposing models; chick Muller glia respond to acute damage by dedifferentiating and proliferating, but less than 5% of MGPCs adopt neural fate. Thus, the chick retina is an ideal "stepping stone model" for identifying a) what molecular processes are necessary and sufficient for MGPC formation, and b) what molecular processes must be manipulated for sufficient neurogenesis to occur. Further, comparing how these molecular processes are regulated in zebrafish, avian, and murine retinas leads to novel insights that may contribute to future clinical treatments for reversing vision loss in human patients with retinal diseases. The primary focus of this dissertation is to understand the interplay of developmental factors and inflammatory signaling pathways in regulating Muller glia reprogramming and neuroprotection in the chick and murine retina. The first data chapter focuses on Inhibitor of DNA-binding (Id) transcription factors, a family of transcription factors which inhibit E protein binding. Id factors are expressed dynamically in embryonic retinal progenitor cells, Muller glia, and MGPCs in the chick retina. We find that applying a pan-Id antagonist to retinas prior to excitotoxic retinal damage stunts MGPC proliferation, lowers expression of M-phase markers, and increases expression of cell cycle inhibitors. However, we find that applying the Id inhibitor following MGPC induction significantly increases the abundance of MG-derived amacrine-like cells. We report that Id factor expression is responsive to insulin and FGF, IL1β, STAT inhibitor, and Notch inhibitor treatments. Finally, we show how Id factors are expressed in the zebrafish retina. The second data chapter focuses on the inflammatory sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway, which shows conserved transcription patterns in zebrafish, chick, and human Muller glia. We describe how this pathway is dynamically regulated in the chick retina and coordinates with other pathways to suppress Muller glia proliferation and neurogenesis. We find that application of small molecule inhibitors to S1P synthesis or S1P receptor 1 (S1pr1) activation robustly enhances MGPC proliferation in a damaged retina and modestly promotes neuronal differentiation of MGPCs. In the absence of microglia, wherein the formation of MGPCs in damaged retinas is refractory, S1P-related gene expression is significantly impacted. Inhibiting S1P synthesis or S1pr1 is sufficient to partially recover MGPC proliferation in damaged retinas missing microglia. Finally, we find that S1pr1 is regulated by TGFβ/Smad3 activity, linking microglia signaling to S1P activation in MG. The third and final data chapter continues our investigation of the role of S1P in regulating neuroprotection and the reprogramming of MG in the mouse retina. We report dynamic expression patterns of S1pr1 and Sphk1 in MG following NMDA-injury. We find that overexpression of bHLH transcription factor Ascl1 in MG partially downregulates S1pr1 expression, and that inhibition of Sphk1 and S1pr1/3 promotes Ascl1-driven regeneration of bipolar-like cells in injured retinas. Finally, using transgenic mice with a conditional knockout of S1pr1 or Sphk1 in MG, we report how S1P:S1pr1 signaling regulates neuroprotection and immune cell recruitment in injured retinas. Collectively, the work outlined in these chapters contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing Muller glia reprogramming, providing insights for future therapeutic strategies of retinal regeneration in humans with retinal diseases.
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Ophthalmology
일반주제명  
Developmental biology
키워드  
Muller glia
키워드  
Retina
키워드  
Regeneration
키워드  
Inflammation
키워드  
Developmental factors
기타저자  
The Ohio State University Neuroscience Graduate Studies Program
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aTaylor,  Olivia  B.
■24510▼aTargeting  Developmental  and  Inflammatory  Factors  to  Enhance  the  Neurogenic  Potential  of  Muller  Glia
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Ohio  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a214  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Fischer,  Andy  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Ohio  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aRetinal  degeneration,  resulting  in  death  of  retinal  neurons,  is  a  leading  cause  of  irreversible  blindness.  In  non-mammalian  vertebrates,  Muller  glia  are  promising  targets  for  regeneration,  due  to  their  ability  to  reprogram  into  progenitor-like  cells  (MGPCs)  and  differentiate  into  retinal  neurons  to  restore  sight  in  cold-blooded  vertebrates.  Following  acute  retinal  injury,  Muller  glia  are  capable  of  de-differentiating  into  progenitor-like  cells  (MGPCs),  proliferating,  and  adopting  a  neural  fate  to  replace  dying  neurons.  This  process  is  efficient  in  zebrafish,  wherein  Muller  glia  rapidly  reprogram  to  functionally  restore  vision  after  ablation  of  any  type  of  retinal  neuron.  In  the  mammalian  retina,  Muller  glia  fail  to  de-differentiate  and  instead  upregulate  an  inflammatory  gliotic  program  in  response  to  retinal  injury.  The  mature  chick  retina  serves  as  a  unique  intermediate  between  these  opposing  models;  chick  Muller  glia  respond  to  acute  damage  by  dedifferentiating  and  proliferating,  but  less  than  5%  of  MGPCs  adopt  neural  fate.  Thus,  the  chick  retina  is  an  ideal  "stepping  stone  model"  for  identifying  a)  what  molecular  processes  are  necessary  and  sufficient  for  MGPC  formation,  and  b)  what  molecular  processes  must  be  manipulated  for  sufficient  neurogenesis  to  occur.  Further,  comparing  how  these  molecular  processes  are  regulated  in  zebrafish,  avian,  and  murine  retinas  leads  to  novel  insights  that  may  contribute  to  future  clinical  treatments  for  reversing  vision  loss  in  human  patients  with  retinal  diseases. The  primary  focus  of  this  dissertation  is  to  understand  the  interplay  of  developmental  factors  and  inflammatory  signaling  pathways  in  regulating  Muller  glia  reprogramming  and  neuroprotection  in  the  chick  and  murine  retina.  The  first  data  chapter  focuses  on  Inhibitor  of  DNA-binding  (Id)  transcription  factors,  a  family  of  transcription  factors  which  inhibit  E  protein  binding.  Id  factors  are  expressed  dynamically  in  embryonic  retinal  progenitor  cells,  Muller  glia,  and  MGPCs  in  the  chick  retina.  We  find  that  applying  a  pan-Id  antagonist  to  retinas  prior  to  excitotoxic  retinal  damage  stunts  MGPC  proliferation,  lowers  expression  of  M-phase  markers,  and  increases  expression  of  cell  cycle  inhibitors.  However,  we  find  that  applying  the  Id  inhibitor  following  MGPC  induction  significantly  increases  the  abundance  of  MG-derived  amacrine-like  cells.  We  report  that  Id  factor  expression  is  responsive  to  insulin  and  FGF,  IL1β,  STAT  inhibitor,  and  Notch  inhibitor  treatments.  Finally,  we  show  how  Id  factors  are  expressed  in  the  zebrafish  retina.  The  second  data  chapter  focuses  on  the  inflammatory  sphingosine  1-phosphate  (S1P)  signaling  pathway,  which  shows  conserved  transcription  patterns  in  zebrafish,  chick,  and  human  Muller  glia.  We  describe  how  this  pathway  is  dynamically  regulated  in  the  chick  retina  and  coordinates  with  other  pathways  to  suppress  Muller  glia  proliferation  and  neurogenesis.  We  find  that  application  of  small  molecule  inhibitors  to  S1P  synthesis  or  S1P  receptor  1  (S1pr1)  activation  robustly  enhances  MGPC  proliferation  in  a  damaged  retina  and  modestly  promotes  neuronal  differentiation  of  MGPCs.  In  the  absence  of  microglia,  wherein  the  formation  of  MGPCs  in  damaged  retinas  is  refractory,  S1P-related  gene  expression  is  significantly  impacted.  Inhibiting  S1P  synthesis  or  S1pr1  is  sufficient  to  partially  recover  MGPC  proliferation  in  damaged  retinas  missing  microglia.  Finally,  we  find  that  S1pr1  is  regulated  by  TGFβ/Smad3  activity,  linking  microglia  signaling  to  S1P  activation  in  MG.  The  third  and  final  data  chapter  continues  our  investigation  of  the  role  of  S1P  in  regulating  neuroprotection  and  the  reprogramming  of  MG  in  the  mouse  retina.  We  report  dynamic  expression  patterns  of  S1pr1  and  Sphk1  in  MG  following  NMDA-injury.  We  find  that  overexpression  of  bHLH  transcription  factor  Ascl1  in  MG  partially  downregulates  S1pr1  expression,  and  that  inhibition  of  Sphk1  and  S1pr1/3  promotes  Ascl1-driven  regeneration  of  bipolar-like  cells  in  injured  retinas.  Finally,  using  transgenic  mice  with  a  conditional  knockout  of  S1pr1  or  Sphk1  in  MG,  we  report  how  S1P:S1pr1  signaling  regulates  neuroprotection  and  immune  cell  recruitment  in  injured  retinas.  Collectively,  the  work  outlined  in  these  chapters  contributes  to  our  understanding  of  the  molecular  mechanisms  governing  Muller  glia  reprogramming,  providing  insights  for  future  therapeutic  strategies  of  retinal  regeneration  in  humans  with  retinal  diseases. 
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0168.
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aOphthalmology
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  biology
■653    ▼aMuller  glia
■653    ▼aRetina
■653    ▼aRegeneration
■653    ▼aInflammation
■653    ▼aDevelopmental  factors
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0381
■690    ▼a0758
■71020▼aThe  Ohio  State  University▼bNeuroscience  Graduate  Studies  Program.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-11B.
■790    ▼a0168
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358175▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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