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Sexual Violence Stigma: Construct Development, Multi-Level Measurement, and Psychosocial Consequences
Sexual Violence Stigma: Construct Development, Multi-Level Measurement, and Psychosocial C...
Sexual Violence Stigma: Construct Development, Multi-Level Measurement, and Psychosocial Consequences

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105122
ISBN  
9798265409898
DDC  
157
저자명  
Mellen, Emily.
서명/저자  
Sexual Violence Stigma: Construct Development, Multi-Level Measurement, and Psychosocial Consequences
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
228 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hatzenbuehler, Mark L.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Sexual violence (SV) is a stigmatized form of trauma, yet the stigma attached to SV has received limited empirical attention. The SV stigma literature is underdeveloped, fractionalized by SV subtype, and lacks validated and comprehensive measurement approaches for quantifying SV stigma. In this dissertation, I seek to advance this literature by developing the construct of SV stigma using multi-level measurement approaches, connecting SV stigma to numerous adverse psychosocial outcomes, and identifying mechanisms underlying the relationship between SV stigma and psychopathology.In Study 1, I conducted a scoping review of the available literature (n=63 studies), summarizing available evidence for SV stigmatization and associated psychosocial outcomes and identifying gaps in the literature. In Studies 2-5 of my dissertation, I provide an empirical investigation of four of these identified gaps.In Study 2, I adapted and tested a new measure of SV stigma, the Sexual Violence Related Stigma Scale (SVRSS), and incorporated this scale into a population-based sample of Swedish young adults (n=453) in order to investigate the associations between SV stigma and symptoms of psychopathology (anxiety, depression, PTSD), alcohol misuse, and treatment need, as well as a behavioral measure of shame. Results indicated that SV stigma burden is associated with more severe symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD as well as an behavioral measure of shame and perceived need for treatment in the past year. Unexpectedly, SV stigma burden was associated with less alcohol misuse.In Study 3, I replicated these findings from Study 2 using longitudinal data, showing that SV stigma predicted psychopathology outcomes (anxiety, depression, PTSD) at two-year follow-up after controlling for baseline symptoms. In addition, I identified two mechanisms, rumination and event centrality, that mediated this longitudinal relationship. Specifically, rumination was a strong mediator of the relationship between SV stigma and both anxiety and depression (accounting for 51% and 60% of variance explained, respectively) and event centrality was a strong mediator of the relationship between SV stigma and PTSD, accounting for 43% of variance. Our results demonstrate that SV stigma creates risk for psychopathology symptoms through distinct, potentially reinforcing, mechanisms and that targeting SV stigma itself may be an important step forward for improving psychotherapy for patients who have experienced SV.Next, in Study 4, I extend these findings to the United States by launching the National Sexual Violence Stigma Study (NSVSS), a new population-based sample (n=555) of survivors of multiple forms of SV, including rape, sexual assault, intimate partner sexual violence, childhood sexual abuse, and image based sexual abuse. Results connected SV stigma to a wide range of adverse mental health (e.g., anxiety, depression, PTSD), physical health (e.g., chronic pain, frequent headaches, difficulty sleeping), psychosocial (e.g., hypervigilance, rumination, event centrality), event-related (e.g., disclosure, help-seeking), and treatment-related (e.g., treatment use, treatment preferences) outcomes. Finally, in Study 5, I developed and tested the first multi-indicator composite measure of state-level structural SV stigma, comprising both laws/policies and community attitudes that systematically disadvantage survivors of SV. Integrating this objective structural measure into the NSVSS, I investigated whether survivors' state-level social context is associated with adverse mental health outcomes, finding that survivors living in high SV states have 19% greater anxiety symptoms than survivors living in low structural SV stigma states. Among birth-assigned female survivors, the effect size is even stronger, with female survivors in high SV stigma states demonstrating 29% more anxiety symptoms, 13% more depression symptoms, and 18% more symptoms of PTSD.Collectively, results from this set of five studies demonstrate that SV is a stigmatized form of trauma associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes. I demonstrate this association both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, across two population-based samples in two countries, and among a diverse set of SV experiences. Additionally, I identify two mechanisms that help to explain this relationship. Further, I develop and test two novel multi-level measurement approaches for SV stigma, one subjective and one objective, which are designed to improve the validity and consistency of SV stigma measurement in the literature going forward. I close by arguing for a unifying construct of SV stigma and discussing implications of this work for both treatment and policy.
일반주제명  
Clinical psychology
일반주제명  
Mental health
일반주제명  
Pathology
일반주제명  
Social psychology
일반주제명  
Criminology
키워드  
Sexual violence
키워드  
Stigma
키워드  
Trauma
키워드  
Psychopathology
키워드  
Psychosocial outcomes
기타저자  
Harvard University Psychology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aMellen,  Emily.
■24510▼aSexual  Violence  Stigma:  Construct  Development,  Multi-Level  Measurement,  and  Psychosocial  Consequences
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a228  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hatzenbuehler,  Mark  L.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aSexual  violence  (SV)  is  a  stigmatized  form  of  trauma,  yet  the  stigma  attached  to  SV  has  received  limited  empirical  attention.  The  SV  stigma  literature  is  underdeveloped,  fractionalized  by  SV  subtype,  and  lacks  validated  and  comprehensive  measurement  approaches  for  quantifying  SV  stigma.  In  this  dissertation,  I  seek  to  advance  this  literature  by  developing  the  construct  of  SV  stigma  using  multi-level  measurement  approaches,  connecting  SV  stigma  to  numerous  adverse  psychosocial  outcomes,  and  identifying  mechanisms  underlying  the  relationship  between  SV  stigma  and  psychopathology.In  Study  1,  I  conducted  a  scoping  review  of  the  available  literature  (n=63  studies),  summarizing  available  evidence  for  SV  stigmatization  and  associated  psychosocial  outcomes  and  identifying  gaps  in  the  literature.  In  Studies  2-5  of  my  dissertation,  I  provide  an  empirical  investigation  of  four  of  these  identified  gaps.In  Study  2,  I  adapted  and  tested  a  new  measure  of  SV  stigma,  the  Sexual  Violence  Related  Stigma  Scale  (SVRSS),  and  incorporated  this  scale  into  a  population-based  sample  of  Swedish  young  adults  (n=453)  in  order  to  investigate  the  associations  between  SV  stigma  and  symptoms  of  psychopathology  (anxiety,  depression,  PTSD),  alcohol  misuse,  and  treatment  need,  as  well  as  a  behavioral  measure  of  shame.  Results  indicated  that  SV  stigma  burden  is  associated  with  more  severe  symptoms  of  anxiety,  depression,  and  PTSD  as  well  as  an  behavioral  measure  of  shame  and  perceived  need  for  treatment  in  the  past  year.  Unexpectedly,  SV  stigma  burden  was  associated  with  less  alcohol  misuse.In  Study  3,  I  replicated  these  findings  from  Study  2  using  longitudinal  data,  showing  that  SV  stigma  predicted  psychopathology  outcomes  (anxiety,  depression,  PTSD)  at  two-year  follow-up  after  controlling  for  baseline  symptoms.  In  addition,  I  identified  two  mechanisms,  rumination  and  event  centrality,  that  mediated  this  longitudinal  relationship.  Specifically,  rumination  was  a  strong  mediator  of  the  relationship  between  SV  stigma  and  both  anxiety  and  depression  (accounting  for  51%  and  60%  of  variance  explained,  respectively)  and  event  centrality  was  a  strong  mediator  of  the  relationship  between  SV  stigma  and  PTSD,  accounting  for  43%  of  variance.  Our  results  demonstrate  that  SV  stigma  creates  risk  for  psychopathology  symptoms  through  distinct,  potentially  reinforcing,  mechanisms  and  that  targeting  SV  stigma  itself  may  be  an  important  step  forward  for  improving  psychotherapy  for  patients  who  have  experienced  SV.Next,  in  Study  4,  I  extend  these  findings  to  the  United  States  by  launching  the  National  Sexual  Violence  Stigma  Study  (NSVSS),  a  new  population-based  sample  (n=555)  of  survivors  of  multiple  forms  of  SV,  including  rape,  sexual  assault,  intimate  partner  sexual  violence,  childhood  sexual  abuse,  and  image  based  sexual  abuse.  Results  connected  SV  stigma  to  a  wide  range  of  adverse  mental  health  (e.g.,  anxiety,  depression,  PTSD),  physical  health  (e.g.,  chronic  pain,  frequent  headaches,  difficulty  sleeping),  psychosocial  (e.g.,  hypervigilance,  rumination,  event  centrality),  event-related  (e.g.,  disclosure,  help-seeking),  and  treatment-related  (e.g.,  treatment  use,  treatment  preferences)  outcomes.  Finally,  in  Study  5,  I  developed  and  tested  the  first  multi-indicator  composite  measure  of  state-level  structural  SV  stigma,  comprising  both  laws/policies  and  community  attitudes  that  systematically  disadvantage  survivors  of  SV.  Integrating  this  objective  structural  measure  into  the  NSVSS,  I  investigated  whether  survivors'  state-level  social  context  is  associated  with  adverse  mental  health  outcomes,  finding  that  survivors  living  in  high  SV  states  have  19%  greater  anxiety  symptoms  than  survivors  living  in  low  structural  SV  stigma  states.  Among  birth-assigned  female  survivors,  the  effect  size  is  even  stronger,  with  female  survivors  in  high  SV  stigma  states  demonstrating  29%  more  anxiety  symptoms,  13%  more  depression  symptoms,  and  18%  more  symptoms  of  PTSD.Collectively,  results  from  this  set  of  five  studies  demonstrate  that  SV  is  a  stigmatized  form  of  trauma  associated  with  a  wide  range  of  adverse  health  outcomes.  I  demonstrate  this  association  both  cross-sectionally  and  longitudinally,  across  two  population-based  samples  in  two  countries,  and  among  a  diverse  set  of  SV  experiences.  Additionally,  I  identify  two  mechanisms  that  help  to  explain  this  relationship.  Further,  I  develop  and  test  two  novel  multi-level  measurement  approaches  for  SV  stigma,  one  subjective  and  one  objective,  which  are  designed  to  improve  the  validity  and  consistency  of  SV  stigma  measurement  in  the  literature  going  forward.  I  close  by  arguing  for  a  unifying  construct  of  SV  stigma  and  discussing  implications  of  this  work  for  both  treatment  and  policy.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aClinical  psychology
■650  4▼aMental  health
■650  4▼aPathology
■650  4▼aSocial  psychology
■650  4▼aCriminology
■653    ▼aSexual  violence
■653    ▼aStigma
■653    ▼aTrauma
■653    ▼aPsychopathology
■653    ▼aPsychosocial  outcomes
■690    ▼a0622
■690    ▼a0347
■690    ▼a0627
■690    ▼a0451
■690    ▼a0571
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05A.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359458▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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