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Factors Influencing Lactation Performance, Feeding Behavior, and Methane Emissions by Dairy Cows
Factors Influencing Lactation Performance, Feeding Behavior, and Methane Emissions by Dair...
Factors Influencing Lactation Performance, Feeding Behavior, and Methane Emissions by Dairy Cows

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105651
ISBN  
9798273300972
DDC  
636
저자명  
Pupo, Matheus Reboucas.
서명/저자  
Factors Influencing Lactation Performance, Feeding Behavior, and Methane Emissions by Dairy Cows
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2026
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2026
형태사항  
272 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-07, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Ferraretto, Luiz.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2026.
초록/해제  
요약Adequate energy supply to lactating dairy cows is essential to maximize their genetic potential for milk production and feed efficiency. Forage typically accounts for more than 50% of diet DM in midwestern dairy diets; hence, it is important to understand how forage concentration influences lactation performance, feeding behavior, and enteric methane (CH4) emissions by dairy cows. Several alternatives exist to partially replace forage in dairy diets, as many areas worldwide have access to competitively priced byproducts that can replace forage fiber when producers face shortages or reduced forage quality. Moreover, various feed additives have gained attention for their ability to modulate rumen metabolism and inhibit methanogenesis, often achieving greater reductions in methane emissions than diet formulation strategies alone. However, more research is needed to determine the magnitude of these responses in long-term studies and across different dietary formulations. Thus, a series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of different nutritional strategies on the lactation performance, feeding behavior, and enteric CH4 emissions of dairy cows to provide producers with information that aids management decisions on farm.In the first study, a meta-analysis was conducted to (1) evaluate the effects of dietary characteristics, such as forage neutral detergent fiber (fNDF) concentration and particle size, on performance-related parameters and (2) on eating behavior of dairy diets. Increasing dietary concentration of fNDF was positively associated with eating time but reduced eating rate. Although greater fNDF concentration impaired lactation performance, it had no effect on energy corrected milk (ECM) feed efficiency. Additionally, increasing dietary mean particle size linearly increased eating time and decreased eating rate. This indicates that diets with coarser particles require more time for consumption. The proportion of particles above 19 mm also increased eating time and had a negative quadratic relationship with eating rate. These findings suggest that the proportion of particles above 19 mm is a practical indicator of eating behavior and bunk sorting activity by lactating dairy cows.The second study evaluated the effects of dietary fiber source and direct-fed microbial supplementation on lactation performance and feeding behavior of high-producing dairy cows. Milk production was greater for low- rather than high-forage diets. Reduced feed efficiency related parameters and milk fat concentration were observed for low- rather than high-forage diets. Feeding high-forage diets may be an alternative for producers to reduce feeding costs depending on the price of purchased feeds. However, soy hulls should be considered when producers are challenged by either forage shortages or forage with a lower nutritive value. Additionally, direct-fed microbial supplementation reduced respiration rate in the morning and affected meal patterns of lactating cows.The third study evaluated the effects of dietary forage concentration and microbial inoculation of corn silage on lactation performance, feeding behavior, total tract nutrient digestibility, and enteric CH4 emissions by dairy cows. There were no treatment effects on actual or component-corrected feed efficiencies, indicating that high-forage diets can provide opportunities for producers to reduce feeding costs. Lower fNDF concentration reduced CH4 emissions, yield, and intensity. In addition, microbial inoculation of corn silage tended to increase component-corrected milk yields, whereas increased actual and component-component corrected feed efficiencies and fNDF digestibility by dairy cows. Therefore, inoculating corn silage with ferulic acid esterase-producing bacteria enhanced lactation performance of high-producing cows.The fourth study evaluated the effects of oscillating dietary starch concentration and cashew nut shell extract supplementation on lactation performance, feeding behavior, total tract nutrient digestibility, and enteric CH4 emissions by dairy cows. Oscillating dietary starch concentration at 48-h intervals did not negatively affect actual or component-corrected milk yields of dairy cows. Behavioral changes likely allowed cows to maintain lactation performance despite short-term oscillations in dietary starch concentration. This suggests that cows can adapt to variations in nutrient composition over a short period if cows are, on average, fed a relatively balanced diet. In addition, CH4 production was lower for cows supplemented with cashew nut shell extract compared with control due to its anti-methanogenic effect.In the last study, a meta-analysis was conducted to (1) evaluate the impact of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) in dairy diets on lactation performance and income over feed costs (IOFC) per cow and per farm, and (2) discuss the potential implications for dairy producers. The energy-corrected milk yield and feed efficiency were unaffected for dairy cows supplemented with 3-NOP compared with control. However, 3-NOP dosage was negatively associated with the 3-NOP effect size on these performance-related parameters. Feeding 3-NOP caused a reduction of 27.9% for CH4 production at an average 3-NOP dose of 80.3 mg/kg DM. Nonetheless, the effects of feeding 3-NOP on IOFC will vary over time with the cost of feeds and milk payments, suggesting that economic incentives for 3-NOP use in dairy diets are needed at present, including through carbon credit and other environmental stewardship programs. Future research is warranted to evaluate the effects of feeding 3-NOP on the long-term productivity of dairy cows.Overall, our results suggest that dairy producers can reduce feed costs by feeding forage with high nutritive value that support rumen health without negatively affecting lactation performance. Furthermore, the use of feed additives demonstrates potential to considerably reduce CH4 emissions from lactating cows. However, additional long-term research is needed to elucidate the magnitude of these responses and their implications on productivity of dairy cows across different nutritional strategies. Thus, these nutritional practices can contribute to improved environmental sustainability and enhanced economic profitability in dairy farms.
일반주제명  
Animal sciences
일반주제명  
Behavioral sciences
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
Byproducts
키워드  
Eating behavior
키워드  
Feed additive
키워드  
Forage fiber
키워드  
Methane mitigation
키워드  
Particle size
기타저자  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Animal and Dairy Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-07B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aPupo,  Matheus  Reboucas.
■24510▼aFactors  Influencing  Lactation  Performance,  Feeding  Behavior,  and  Methane  Emissions  by  Dairy  Cows
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼c2026
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2026
■300    ▼a272  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-07,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Ferraretto,  Luiz.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison,  2026.
■520    ▼aAdequate  energy  supply  to  lactating  dairy  cows  is  essential  to  maximize  their  genetic  potential  for  milk  production  and  feed  efficiency.  Forage  typically  accounts  for  more  than  50%  of  diet  DM  in  midwestern  dairy  diets;  hence,  it  is  important  to  understand  how  forage  concentration  influences  lactation  performance,  feeding  behavior,  and  enteric  methane  (CH4)  emissions  by  dairy  cows.  Several  alternatives  exist  to  partially  replace  forage  in  dairy  diets,  as  many  areas  worldwide  have  access  to  competitively  priced  byproducts  that  can  replace  forage  fiber  when  producers  face  shortages  or  reduced  forage  quality.  Moreover,  various  feed  additives  have  gained  attention  for  their  ability  to  modulate  rumen  metabolism  and  inhibit  methanogenesis,  often  achieving  greater  reductions  in  methane  emissions  than  diet  formulation  strategies  alone.  However,  more  research  is  needed  to  determine  the  magnitude  of  these  responses  in  long-term  studies  and  across  different  dietary  formulations.  Thus,  a  series  of  experiments  were  conducted  to  evaluate  the  effects  of  different  nutritional  strategies  on  the  lactation  performance,  feeding  behavior,  and  enteric  CH4  emissions  of  dairy  cows  to  provide  producers  with  information  that  aids  management  decisions  on  farm.In  the  first  study,  a  meta-analysis  was  conducted  to  (1)  evaluate  the  effects  of  dietary  characteristics,  such  as  forage  neutral  detergent  fiber  (fNDF)  concentration  and  particle  size,  on  performance-related  parameters  and  (2)  on  eating  behavior  of  dairy  diets.  Increasing  dietary  concentration  of  fNDF  was  positively  associated  with  eating  time  but  reduced  eating  rate.  Although  greater  fNDF  concentration  impaired  lactation  performance,  it  had  no  effect  on  energy  corrected  milk  (ECM)  feed  efficiency.  Additionally,  increasing  dietary  mean  particle  size  linearly  increased  eating  time  and  decreased  eating  rate.  This  indicates  that  diets  with  coarser  particles  require  more  time  for  consumption.  The  proportion  of  particles  above  19  mm  also  increased  eating  time  and  had  a  negative  quadratic  relationship  with  eating  rate.  These  findings  suggest  that  the  proportion  of  particles  above  19  mm  is  a  practical  indicator  of  eating  behavior  and  bunk  sorting  activity  by  lactating  dairy  cows.The  second  study  evaluated  the  effects  of  dietary  fiber  source  and  direct-fed  microbial  supplementation  on  lactation  performance  and  feeding  behavior  of  high-producing  dairy  cows.  Milk  production  was  greater  for  low-  rather  than  high-forage  diets.  Reduced  feed  efficiency  related  parameters  and  milk  fat  concentration  were  observed  for  low-  rather  than  high-forage  diets.  Feeding  high-forage  diets  may  be  an  alternative  for  producers  to  reduce  feeding  costs  depending  on  the  price  of  purchased  feeds.  However,  soy  hulls  should  be  considered  when  producers  are  challenged  by  either  forage  shortages  or  forage  with  a  lower  nutritive  value.  Additionally,  direct-fed  microbial  supplementation  reduced  respiration  rate  in  the  morning  and  affected  meal  patterns  of  lactating  cows.The  third  study  evaluated  the  effects  of  dietary  forage  concentration  and  microbial  inoculation  of  corn  silage  on  lactation  performance,  feeding  behavior,  total  tract  nutrient  digestibility,  and  enteric  CH4  emissions  by  dairy  cows.  There  were  no  treatment  effects  on  actual  or  component-corrected  feed  efficiencies,  indicating  that  high-forage  diets  can  provide  opportunities  for  producers  to  reduce  feeding  costs.  Lower  fNDF  concentration  reduced  CH4  emissions,  yield,  and  intensity.  In  addition,  microbial  inoculation  of  corn  silage  tended  to  increase  component-corrected  milk  yields,  whereas  increased  actual  and  component-component  corrected  feed  efficiencies  and  fNDF  digestibility  by  dairy  cows.  Therefore,  inoculating  corn  silage  with  ferulic  acid  esterase-producing  bacteria  enhanced  lactation  performance  of  high-producing  cows.The  fourth  study  evaluated  the  effects  of  oscillating  dietary  starch  concentration  and  cashew  nut  shell  extract  supplementation  on  lactation  performance,  feeding  behavior,  total  tract  nutrient  digestibility,  and  enteric  CH4  emissions  by  dairy  cows.  Oscillating  dietary  starch  concentration  at  48-h  intervals  did  not  negatively  affect  actual  or  component-corrected  milk  yields  of  dairy  cows.  Behavioral  changes  likely  allowed  cows  to  maintain  lactation  performance  despite  short-term  oscillations  in  dietary  starch  concentration.  This  suggests  that  cows  can  adapt  to  variations  in  nutrient  composition  over  a  short  period  if  cows  are,  on  average,  fed  a  relatively  balanced  diet.  In  addition,  CH4  production  was  lower  for  cows  supplemented  with  cashew  nut  shell  extract  compared  with  control  due  to  its  anti-methanogenic  effect.In  the  last  study,  a  meta-analysis  was  conducted  to  (1)  evaluate  the  impact  of  feeding  3-nitrooxypropanol  (3-NOP)  in  dairy  diets  on  lactation  performance  and  income  over  feed  costs  (IOFC)  per  cow  and  per  farm,  and  (2)  discuss  the  potential  implications  for  dairy  producers.  The  energy-corrected  milk  yield  and  feed  efficiency  were  unaffected  for  dairy  cows  supplemented  with  3-NOP  compared  with  control.  However,  3-NOP  dosage  was  negatively  associated  with  the  3-NOP  effect  size  on  these  performance-related  parameters.  Feeding  3-NOP  caused  a  reduction  of  27.9%  for  CH4  production  at  an  average  3-NOP  dose  of  80.3  mg/kg  DM.  Nonetheless,  the  effects  of  feeding  3-NOP  on  IOFC  will  vary  over  time  with  the  cost  of  feeds  and  milk  payments,  suggesting  that  economic  incentives  for  3-NOP  use  in  dairy  diets  are  needed  at  present,  including  through  carbon  credit  and  other  environmental  stewardship  programs.  Future  research  is  warranted  to  evaluate  the  effects  of  feeding  3-NOP  on  the  long-term  productivity  of  dairy  cows.Overall,  our  results  suggest  that  dairy  producers  can  reduce  feed  costs  by  feeding  forage  with  high  nutritive  value  that  support  rumen  health  without  negatively  affecting  lactation  performance.  Furthermore,  the  use  of  feed  additives  demonstrates  potential  to  considerably  reduce  CH4  emissions  from  lactating  cows.  However,  additional  long-term  research  is  needed  to  elucidate  the  magnitude  of  these  responses  and  their  implications  on  productivity  of  dairy  cows  across  different  nutritional  strategies.  Thus,  these  nutritional  practices  can  contribute  to  improved  environmental  sustainability  and  enhanced  economic  profitability  in  dairy  farms.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0262.
■650  4▼aAnimal  sciences
■650  4▼aBehavioral  sciences
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aByproducts
■653    ▼aEating  behavior
■653    ▼aFeed  additive
■653    ▼aForage  fiber
■653    ▼aMethane  mitigation
■653    ▼aParticle  size
■690    ▼a0475
■690    ▼a0503
■690    ▼a0602
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼bAnimal  and  Dairy  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-07B.
■790    ▼a0262
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2026
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17361012▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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