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Assessing Residential Energy Efficiency Retrofit Adoption Potential and Societal Impacts Across the US
Assessing Residential Energy Efficiency Retrofit Adoption Potential and Societal Impacts A...
Assessing Residential Energy Efficiency Retrofit Adoption Potential and Societal Impacts Across the US

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105126
ISBN  
9798291590393
DDC  
621
저자명  
Joseph, Jordan M.
서명/저자  
Assessing Residential Energy Efficiency Retrofit Adoption Potential and Societal Impacts Across the US
발행사항  
[Sl] : Carnegie Mellon University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
192 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Nock, Destenie;Samaras, Constantine.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Carnegie Mellon University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Residential and commercial buildings account for 75% of electricity and 40% of national energy consumption, contributing significantly to energy-related emissions. Historical discriminatory policies, particularly federal redlining, created prolonged disinvestment in infrastructure and generational wealth disparities. Today, these communities-75% low-to-moderate-income (LMI) and 64% neighborhoods of color-disproportionately face energy and environmental burdens. This research establishes a framework for equitable electrification, bridging historical injustice with clean energy transition opportunities. This dissertation addresses three primary research questions through the development and application of the Tradeoff Analysis of Residential retrofits for Energy equity (TARE) model. First, I assess the lifetime climate impacts of existing residential housing and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of residential energy efficiency retrofits as a greenhouse gas mitigation strategy. Using various cost databases with regional cost adjustments and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) rebate guidelines, heat pump water heaters emerged as the most cost-effective retrofit for greenhouse gas emissions abatement. Second, I investigate how the IRA rebates and grid decarbonization affect equitable adoption of residential electrification technologies. I determine the economic feasibility or "adoption potential" of these retrofits through lifetime operational savings and emissions reductions under various policy scenarios. Results show that IRA rebates substantially improve adoption potential for LMI households relative to pre-IRA conditions, with adoption potential more than doubling for air-source heat pumps, heat pump water heaters, and electric cooking ranges, and more than tripling for heat pump clothes dryers. Third, I assess adoption potential, incorporating lifecycle costs and monetized benefits from avoided climate and health-related emissions. Climate impacts were evaluated using three social cost of carbon estimates, while health benefits were quantified using six methodologies combining reduced-complexity models (InMAP, EASIUR, AP2) with various concentration-response functions. Heat pump water heaters emerge as optimal policy entry points, with LMI adoption potential reaching 96-99% for delivered fuel users. For air-source heat pump retrofits in LMI households, adoption potential ranges from below 2% for existing natural gas heating systems to 67% for fuel oil systems. Accounting for societal benefits from reduced greenhouse gas emissions increases economically viable retrofits from 16% (private costs only) to 53-67% (including climate benefits). Electrifying space heating in 85-96% of households would beneficially reduce criteria air pollutants, with health benefits accruing primarily through reduced public air pollution exposure.My research demonstrates that decision-makers should prioritize heat pump water heaters as universal electrification entry points and design fuel-specific programs for space heating (with electric resistance and delivered fuels generally being the most effective retrofit opportunities. Future work can improve model flexibility for additional user inputs and expand to include Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool thresholds for community-level analyses, ultimately expediting technical assistance for historically disadvantaged populations.
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Engineering
일반주제명  
Thermodynamics
일반주제명  
Environmental engineering
키워드  
Energy equity
키워드  
Health co-benefits
키워드  
Inflation Reduction Act
키워드  
Residential electrification
키워드  
Retrofit adoption
키워드  
Social cost of carbon
기타저자  
Carnegie Mellon University Civil and Environmental Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798291590393
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32238757
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a621
■1001  ▼aJoseph,  Jordan  M.▼0(orcid)0009-0000-2723-9175
■24510▼aAssessing  Residential  Energy  Efficiency  Retrofit  Adoption  Potential  and  Societal  Impacts  Across  the  US
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCarnegie  Mellon  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a192  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Nock,  Destenie;Samaras,  Constantine.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Carnegie  Mellon  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aResidential  and  commercial  buildings  account  for  75%  of  electricity  and  40%  of  national  energy  consumption,  contributing  significantly  to  energy-related  emissions.  Historical  discriminatory  policies,  particularly  federal  redlining,  created  prolonged  disinvestment  in  infrastructure  and  generational  wealth  disparities.  Today,  these  communities-75%  low-to-moderate-income  (LMI)  and  64%  neighborhoods  of  color-disproportionately  face  energy  and  environmental  burdens.  This  research  establishes  a  framework  for  equitable  electrification,  bridging  historical  injustice  with  clean  energy  transition  opportunities.  This  dissertation  addresses  three  primary  research  questions  through  the  development  and  application  of  the  Tradeoff  Analysis  of  Residential  retrofits  for  Energy  equity  (TARE)  model. First,  I  assess  the  lifetime  climate  impacts  of  existing  residential  housing  and  evaluate  the  cost-effectiveness  of  residential  energy  efficiency  retrofits  as  a  greenhouse  gas  mitigation  strategy.  Using  various  cost  databases  with  regional  cost  adjustments  and  Inflation  Reduction  Act  (IRA)  rebate  guidelines,  heat  pump  water  heaters  emerged  as  the  most  cost-effective  retrofit  for  greenhouse  gas  emissions  abatement. Second,  I  investigate  how  the  IRA  rebates  and  grid  decarbonization  affect  equitable  adoption  of  residential  electrification  technologies.  I  determine  the  economic  feasibility  or  "adoption  potential"  of  these  retrofits  through  lifetime  operational  savings  and  emissions  reductions  under  various  policy  scenarios.  Results  show  that  IRA  rebates  substantially  improve  adoption  potential  for  LMI  households  relative  to  pre-IRA  conditions,  with  adoption  potential  more  than  doubling  for  air-source  heat  pumps,  heat  pump  water  heaters,  and  electric  cooking  ranges,  and  more  than  tripling  for  heat  pump  clothes  dryers. Third,  I  assess  adoption  potential,  incorporating  lifecycle  costs  and  monetized  benefits  from  avoided  climate  and  health-related  emissions.  Climate  impacts  were  evaluated  using  three  social  cost  of  carbon  estimates,  while  health  benefits  were  quantified  using  six  methodologies  combining  reduced-complexity  models  (InMAP,  EASIUR,  AP2)  with  various  concentration-response  functions.  Heat  pump  water  heaters  emerge  as  optimal  policy  entry  points,  with  LMI  adoption  potential  reaching  96-99%  for  delivered  fuel  users.  For  air-source  heat  pump  retrofits  in  LMI  households,  adoption  potential  ranges  from  below  2%  for  existing  natural  gas  heating  systems  to  67%  for  fuel  oil  systems.  Accounting  for  societal  benefits  from  reduced  greenhouse  gas  emissions  increases  economically  viable  retrofits  from  16%  (private  costs  only)  to  53-67%  (including  climate  benefits).  Electrifying  space  heating  in  85-96%  of  households  would  beneficially  reduce  criteria  air  pollutants,  with  health  benefits  accruing  primarily  through  reduced  public  air  pollution  exposure.My  research  demonstrates  that  decision-makers  should  prioritize  heat  pump  water  heaters  as  universal  electrification  entry  points  and  design  fuel-specific  programs  for  space  heating  (with  electric  resistance  and  delivered  fuels  generally  being  the  most  effective  retrofit  opportunities.  Future  work  can  improve  model  flexibility  for  additional  user  inputs  and  expand  to  include  Climate  and  Economic  Justice  Screening  Tool  thresholds  for  community-level  analyses,  ultimately  expediting  technical  assistance  for  historically  disadvantaged  populations.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0041.
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aEngineering
■650  4▼aThermodynamics
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  engineering
■653    ▼aEnergy  equity
■653    ▼aHealth  co-benefits
■653    ▼aInflation  Reduction  Act
■653    ▼aResidential  electrification
■653    ▼aRetrofit  adoption
■653    ▼aSocial  cost  of  carbon
■690    ▼a0791
■690    ▼a0775
■690    ▼a0537
■690    ▼a0348
■71020▼aCarnegie  Mellon  University▼bCivil  and  Environmental  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0041
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359483▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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