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Racial Bias in Telemedicine: A Within-Subjects Study of Medical Student Attitudes and Affect
Racial Bias in Telemedicine: A Within-Subjects Study of Medical Student Attitudes and Affe...
Racial Bias in Telemedicine: A Within-Subjects Study of Medical Student Attitudes and Affect

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105127
ISBN  
9798293848027
DDC  
614
저자명  
Manbeck, K.
서명/저자  
Racial Bias in Telemedicine: A Within-Subjects Study of Medical Student Attitudes and Affect
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Washington, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
102 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kanter, Jonathan W.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Health disparities are a matter of grave public health significance. Racial health disparities have complex etiologies and correlates but remain when controlling for other social determinants of health and patient factors such as treatment refusal. Residual disparities reflect differences in provider treatment of White and minority patients. One factor contributing to disparate treatment of minority patients is provider implicit bias-non-conscious biases that alter behavior. However, research suggests that intervening directly on implicit bias may not be effective, indicating that novel directions are needed to understand and address health disparities.Effects of implicit bias on disparities may be clarified by articulating and examining the constructs underlying implicit bias. This dissertation examines intergroup anxiety (anxiety that manifests in interracial interactions in response to negative expectations) as a mediator of the relationship between implicit bias and provider behavior.I first conduct a narrative review to understand the literature related to implicit bias and intergroup behavior. Then, I report on a within-subjects study in which medical student participants (N = 71) interacted with Black and White standardized patients in a telemedicine context. In Aim 1, I conducted preliminary video review in hopes of developing a coding scheme to assess nonverbal behaviors indicative of anxiety. In Aim 2, I used regression analysis to examine the associations between intergroup anxiety and communication behaviors. In Aim 3, I used regression analysis and the Baron and Kenny mediation approach to assess the relationships between implicit bias and intergroup anxiety and the direct and indirect effects of implicit bias on communication behaviors.I report that one of six mediation models tested was significant; observer-rated nervousness was negatively associated with observer-rated warmth. However, as I explore in the results and discussion, low interrater reliability and concerns related to model assumptions indicate that readers should exercise caution in interpreting results. Despite methodological concerns, our preliminary findings indicate weak support for intergroup anxiety as a construct that contributes to disparate provider behaviors.While many health disparities researchers are conducting research to reduce health disparities, and research has produced important findings contributing to real-world reductions and improvements in care, it is the experience of this author and my dissertation that the research paradigm itself produces significant obstacles to real-world impact and external validity. My project, like many other mechanistic studies in this field, would have benefited from an approach that focused on connecting with the marginalized communities of concern in deeper and more intimate ways, such as Community-Based Participatory Research.
일반주제명  
Public health
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Health sciences
일반주제명  
Health education
키워드  
Health disparities
키워드  
Health care
키워드  
Implicit bias
키워드  
Telemedicine
키워드  
Medical student attitudes
기타저자  
University of Washington Psychology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aManbeck,  K.
■24510▼aRacial  Bias  in  Telemedicine:  A  Within-Subjects  Study  of  Medical  Student  Attitudes  and  Affect
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Washington▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  A.
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■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Washington,  2025.
■520    ▼aHealth  disparities  are  a  matter  of  grave  public  health  significance.  Racial  health  disparities  have  complex  etiologies  and  correlates  but  remain  when  controlling  for  other  social  determinants  of  health  and  patient  factors  such  as  treatment  refusal.  Residual  disparities  reflect  differences  in  provider  treatment  of  White  and  minority  patients.  One  factor  contributing  to  disparate  treatment  of  minority  patients  is  provider  implicit  bias-non-conscious  biases  that  alter  behavior.  However,  research  suggests  that  intervening  directly  on  implicit  bias  may  not  be  effective,  indicating  that  novel  directions  are  needed  to  understand  and  address  health  disparities.Effects  of  implicit  bias  on  disparities  may  be  clarified  by  articulating  and  examining  the  constructs  underlying  implicit  bias.  This  dissertation  examines  intergroup  anxiety  (anxiety  that  manifests  in  interracial  interactions  in  response  to  negative  expectations)  as  a  mediator  of  the  relationship  between  implicit  bias  and  provider  behavior.I  first  conduct  a  narrative  review  to  understand  the  literature  related  to  implicit  bias  and  intergroup  behavior.  Then,  I  report  on  a  within-subjects  study  in  which  medical  student  participants  (N  =  71)  interacted  with  Black  and  White  standardized  patients  in  a  telemedicine  context.  In  Aim  1,  I  conducted  preliminary  video  review  in  hopes  of  developing  a  coding  scheme  to  assess  nonverbal  behaviors  indicative  of  anxiety.  In  Aim  2,  I  used  regression  analysis  to  examine  the  associations  between  intergroup  anxiety  and  communication  behaviors.  In  Aim  3,  I  used  regression  analysis  and  the  Baron  and  Kenny  mediation  approach  to  assess  the  relationships  between  implicit  bias  and  intergroup  anxiety  and  the  direct  and  indirect  effects  of  implicit  bias  on  communication  behaviors.I  report  that  one  of  six  mediation  models  tested  was  significant;  observer-rated  nervousness  was  negatively  associated  with  observer-rated  warmth.  However,  as  I  explore  in  the  results  and  discussion,  low  interrater  reliability  and  concerns  related  to  model  assumptions  indicate  that  readers  should  exercise  caution  in  interpreting  results.  Despite  methodological  concerns,  our  preliminary  findings  indicate  weak  support  for  intergroup  anxiety  as  a  construct  that  contributes  to  disparate  provider  behaviors.While  many  health  disparities  researchers  are  conducting  research  to  reduce  health  disparities,  and  research  has  produced  important  findings  contributing  to  real-world  reductions  and  improvements  in  care,  it  is  the  experience  of  this  author  and  my  dissertation  that  the  research  paradigm  itself  produces  significant  obstacles  to  real-world  impact  and  external  validity.  My  project,  like  many  other  mechanistic  studies  in  this  field,  would  have  benefited  from  an  approach  that  focused  on  connecting  with  the  marginalized  communities  of  concern  in  deeper  and  more  intimate  ways,  such  as  Community-Based  Participatory  Research.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0250.
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■650  4▼aMedicine
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■650  4▼aHealth  education
■653    ▼aHealth  disparities
■653    ▼aHealth  care
■653    ▼aImplicit  bias
■653    ▼aTelemedicine
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Washington▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03A.
■790    ▼a0250
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359493▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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