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Development of Bioassays Engaging Principal Protein Targets in the Diagnostic and Mechanistic Studies of Parkinson's Disease and Tuberculosis
Development of Bioassays Engaging Principal Protein Targets in the Diagnostic and Mechanis...
Development of Bioassays Engaging Principal Protein Targets in the Diagnostic and Mechanistic Studies of Parkinson's Disease and Tuberculosis

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260209102930
ISBN  
9798290913735
DDC  
615
저자명  
Ge, Peng.
서명/저자  
Development of Bioassays Engaging Principal Protein Targets in the Diagnostic and Mechanistic Studies of Parkinsons Disease and Tuberculosis
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
182 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Aldrich, Courtney C.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약The aggregation of the α-synuclein protein (⍺S) is associated with the development of Parkinson's Disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative diseases. Misfolded ⍺S adopts numerous quaternary structures with diverse functions, but also inherently unstable ex vivo. Naturally occurring autoantibodies targeting these aggregates are suggested as potential biomarkers in the early stages of PD, offering potential assistance in its diagnosis. Chapter 1 describes a multiplexed, easy-to-operate immunoassay that is generally applicable to quantify the levels of amyloid proteins and their binding partners, named Oxaziridine-Assisted Solid-phase Immunosorbent (OASIS) assay. The hydrophilic PEG scaffold which this assay was built upon can inhibit aggregate nucleation, potentially reducing assay variance which was a "pain-point" in the field. We validated the novel OASIS assay platform with patient-derived samples where levels of naturally occurring antibodies against αS monomer and oligomers were measured in PD and healthy donors. The OASIS assay is anticipated to be highly valuable for research endeavors focused on comprehending the mechanisms of protein misfolding, its associated pathology, and the symptoms observed in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. There is increasing evidence showing that αS oligomers confer toxicity through a variety of mechanisms that may explain heterogeneity in patient symptomology. Studies to-date have focused on high molecular weight αS oligomers because methods to stabilize and isolate low-molecular weight αS oligomers have not been widely accessible. We hypothesize that mechanistic heterogeneity is due to the action of a single predominant αS oligomer structural isoform. In Chapter 2, a bio-orthogonal photo-oxidative coupling method (PICUP) was used to covalently trap low molecular weight ("SMALL") αS oligomers in their native conformations. Several "SMALL" αS oligomeric species were purified using tandem size-exclusion chromatography. We next investigated the structural and functional features of αS oligomers with biophysical characterization including circular dichroism and transmission electron microscopy, seeding propensity with ThT assay, and their cytotoxicity with SH-SY5Y cell line.Tuberculosis is the second leading infectious killer and ranks the 13th on leading cause of death worldwide. The emergence of new strains that are resistant to existing antibiotics underscores the urgent need for the discovery and development of novel antibacterial treatments. Chapter 3 introduced the development of high throughput screening assay for the assistance of inhibitor discovery of FadD32, an essential and vulnerable target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival catalyzing biosynthesis of mycolic acids. This fluorescence polarization-based assay platform is simple, robust, and compatible with automation, making it suitable for high-throughput screening. By facilitating the discovery of antimycobacterial agents, this platform has the potential to accelerate efforts in overcoming drug resistance and developing effective treatments for tuberculosis.Biotin is an essential cofactor in Mtb survival, making enzymes involved in its biosynthesis pathway valuable targets in new antibiotics discovery. Biotin synthase (BioB) is a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme, catalyzing the last step synthesis of biotin from desthiobiotin (DTB). Chapter 4 demonstrated that unlike BioB in E.coli, activation of the function of BioB in Mtb (BioB.tb) requires a small (8.6 kD) protein, BsaP, to be active. That BsaP is required for growth without extrabacterial biotin was predicted by transposon sequencing (TnSeq) and confirmed by deleting bsaP in Mtb and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Chemical genetic complementation mapped the function of BsaP to the conversion of DTB into biotin. The reliance of BioB.tb on BsaP was also confirmed biochemically with in vitro assays. Homologs of BsaP occur in many actinobacteria and our findings open new opportunities to seek BioB inhibitors to treat infections with Mtb and other pathogens.
일반주제명  
Pharmaceutical sciences
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Medicine
키워드  
α-synuclein protein
키워드  
Parkinson's Disease
키워드  
Amyloid proteins
키워드  
Neurodegenerative disorders
키워드  
Chromatography
기타저자  
University of Minnesota Medicinal Chemistry
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aGe,  Peng.
■24510▼aDevelopment  of  Bioassays  Engaging  Principal  Protein  Targets  in  the  Diagnostic  and  Mechanistic  Studies  of  Parkinson's  Disease  and  Tuberculosis
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Minnesota▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a182  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Aldrich,  Courtney  C.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Minnesota,  2023.
■520    ▼aThe  aggregation  of  the  α-synuclein  protein  (⍺S)  is  associated  with  the  development  of  Parkinson's  Disease  (PD),  the  second  most  common  neurodegenerative  diseases.  Misfolded  ⍺S  adopts  numerous  quaternary  structures  with  diverse  functions,  but  also  inherently  unstable  ex  vivo.  Naturally  occurring  autoantibodies  targeting  these  aggregates  are  suggested  as  potential  biomarkers  in  the  early  stages  of  PD,  offering  potential  assistance  in  its  diagnosis.  Chapter  1  describes  a  multiplexed,  easy-to-operate  immunoassay  that  is  generally  applicable  to  quantify  the  levels  of  amyloid  proteins  and  their  binding  partners,  named  Oxaziridine-Assisted  Solid-phase  Immunosorbent  (OASIS)  assay.  The  hydrophilic  PEG  scaffold  which  this  assay  was  built  upon  can  inhibit  aggregate  nucleation,  potentially  reducing  assay  variance  which  was  a  "pain-point"  in  the  field.  We  validated  the  novel  OASIS  assay  platform  with  patient-derived  samples  where  levels  of  naturally  occurring  antibodies  against  αS  monomer  and  oligomers  were  measured  in  PD  and  healthy  donors.  The  OASIS  assay  is  anticipated  to  be  highly  valuable  for  research  endeavors  focused  on  comprehending  the  mechanisms  of  protein  misfolding,  its  associated  pathology,  and  the  symptoms  observed  in  Parkinson's  Disease  (PD)  and  other  neurodegenerative  disorders.  There  is  increasing  evidence  showing  that  αS  oligomers  confer  toxicity  through  a  variety  of  mechanisms  that  may  explain  heterogeneity  in  patient  symptomology.  Studies  to-date  have  focused  on  high  molecular  weight  αS  oligomers  because  methods  to  stabilize  and  isolate  low-molecular  weight  αS  oligomers  have  not  been  widely  accessible.  We  hypothesize  that  mechanistic  heterogeneity  is  due  to  the  action  of  a  single  predominant  αS  oligomer  structural  isoform.  In  Chapter  2,  a  bio-orthogonal  photo-oxidative  coupling  method  (PICUP)  was  used  to  covalently  trap  low  molecular  weight  ("SMALL")  αS  oligomers  in  their  native  conformations.  Several  "SMALL"  αS  oligomeric  species  were  purified  using  tandem  size-exclusion  chromatography.  We  next  investigated  the  structural  and  functional  features  of  αS  oligomers  with  biophysical  characterization  including  circular  dichroism  and  transmission  electron  microscopy,  seeding  propensity  with  ThT  assay,  and  their  cytotoxicity  with  SH-SY5Y  cell  line.Tuberculosis  is  the  second  leading  infectious  killer  and  ranks  the  13th  on  leading  cause  of  death  worldwide.  The  emergence  of  new  strains  that  are  resistant  to  existing  antibiotics  underscores  the  urgent  need  for  the  discovery  and  development  of  novel  antibacterial  treatments.  Chapter  3  introduced  the  development  of  high  throughput  screening  assay  for  the  assistance  of  inhibitor  discovery  of  FadD32,  an  essential  and  vulnerable  target  in  Mycobacterium  tuberculosis  survival  catalyzing  biosynthesis  of  mycolic  acids.  This  fluorescence  polarization-based  assay  platform  is  simple,  robust,  and  compatible  with  automation,  making  it  suitable  for  high-throughput  screening.  By  facilitating  the  discovery  of  antimycobacterial  agents,  this  platform  has  the  potential  to  accelerate  efforts  in  overcoming  drug  resistance  and  developing  effective  treatments  for  tuberculosis.Biotin  is  an  essential  cofactor  in  Mtb  survival,  making  enzymes  involved  in  its  biosynthesis  pathway  valuable  targets  in  new  antibiotics  discovery.  Biotin  synthase  (BioB)  is  a  radical  S-adenosylmethionine  (SAM)  enzyme,  catalyzing  the  last  step  synthesis  of  biotin  from  desthiobiotin  (DTB).  Chapter  4  demonstrated  that  unlike  BioB  in  E.coli,  activation  of  the  function  of  BioB  in  Mtb  (BioB.tb)  requires  a  small  (8.6  kD)  protein,  BsaP,  to  be  active.  That  BsaP  is  required  for  growth  without  extrabacterial  biotin  was  predicted  by  transposon  sequencing  (TnSeq)  and  confirmed  by  deleting  bsaP  in  Mtb  and  Mycobacterium  smegmatis.  Chemical  genetic  complementation  mapped  the  function  of  BsaP  to  the  conversion  of  DTB  into  biotin.  The  reliance  of  BioB.tb  on  BsaP  was  also  confirmed  biochemically  with  in  vitro  assays.  Homologs  of  BsaP  occur  in  many  actinobacteria  and  our  findings  open  new  opportunities  to  seek  BioB  inhibitors  to  treat  infections  with  Mtb  and  other  pathogens.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0130.
■650  4▼aPharmaceutical  sciences
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aMedicine
■653    ▼aα-synuclein  protein
■653    ▼aParkinson's  Disease
■653    ▼aAmyloid  proteins
■653    ▼aNeurodegenerative  disorders
■653    ▼aChromatography
■690    ▼a0572
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0306
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Minnesota▼bMedicinal  Chemistry.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0130
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17366030▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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