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Understanding Social Communication Differences in Autism: A Family Study of Neural and Sensorimotor Mechanisms
Understanding Social Communication Differences in Autism: A Family Study of Neural and Sensorimotor Mechanisms
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103131
- ISBN
- 9798291589373
- DDC
- 384
- 서명/저자
- Understanding Social Communication Differences in Autism: A Family Study of Neural and Sensorimotor Mechanisms
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Northwestern University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 163 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Losh, Molly C.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This dissertation investigates the underlying mechanisms of pragmatic language phenotypes across the autism spectrum, aiming to elucidate individual heterogeneity and identify potential targets for personalized interventions. We focus on the underlying processes that contribute to the differences in speech prosody, prosodic entrainment, and overall pragmatic skills that are associated with autism. Effective use of prosody necessitates precise speech sound perception, accurate coordination of vocal articulators, and seamless integration of sensory-motor systems for feedback and feedforward control in speech.Aim 1 characterizes spontaneous speech-to-speech rhythmic synchronization in individuals with autism, their first-degree relatives, and control groups. The theoretical rationale for this aim is rooted in strong empirical evidence showing that subconscious synchronization with our environments is an inherent behavioral pattern present at birth that supports aspects of vocal and language learning and contributes to social skills throughout the lifespan. It was hypothesized that spontaneous synchronization of speech would be reduced in autism and parents of autistic individuals and mediated by disruptions in neural speech encoding and motor speech articulation. Aim 2 examines these physiological mechanisms, and their relationship to speech synchrony, predicting less efficient neural encoding and motor articulation in autism. Aim 3 explores the interrelationships between these neural and sensorimotor foundations with social communication features implicated in autism, including prosody, prosodic entrainment, and global pragmatic profiles derived from naturalistic social interactions. Findings reveal that disruptions in speech motor control and neural speech encoding significantly predict variability in social communicative skills associated with autism. While results were mixed with regard to the role of neural speech perception in autism specifically, speech motor control stood out as disrupted in both autism and their first-degree relatives, and strongly related to prosodic and pragmatic phenotypes. While spontaneous speech synchrony does not account for social engagement patterns, both speech synchrony and conversational prosody appear potentially mediated by limitations in the same underlying physiological processes. Multivariate and multimethod analysis of prosody indicates that a slow, more robotic prosodic profile most robustly stands out in autism, and to a lesser degree also characterizes speech of parents of autistic individuals. Speech motor control primarily affects timing-related speech differences (i.e., speech rate and rhythm), whereas neural encoding showed relationships with pitch-relevant differences (i.e., pitch and intonation). These insights have the potential to provide a focused understanding of elements of phenotypic variability in speech prosody across the autism spectrum and offer a foundation for future research. Additionally, results highlight the importance of oral motor control in autism and its potential role in subclinical speech and language features associated with the broad autism phenotype. Individualized, targeted training leveraging neuroplasticity of sensorimotor networks in early development may improve expressive and receptive prosodic skills in autism. Most robustly, diadochokinetic speech emerged as potential heritable biological marker of pragmatic language differences in autism families, influenced by increased genetic susceptibility to autism.
- 일반주제명
- Communication
- 일반주제명
- Neurosciences
- 일반주제명
- Developmental psychology
- 일반주제명
- Speech therapy
- 일반주제명
- Clinical psychology
- 키워드
- Autism
- 키워드
- Prosody
- 키워드
- Speech-motor
- 기타저자
- Northwestern University Clinical Psychology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798291589373
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
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■1001 ▼aGuilfoyle, Janna.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-6849-5180
■24510▼aUnderstanding Social Communication Differences in Autism: A Family Study of Neural and Sensorimotor Mechanisms
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a163 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Losh, Molly C.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2025.
■520 ▼aThis dissertation investigates the underlying mechanisms of pragmatic language phenotypes across the autism spectrum, aiming to elucidate individual heterogeneity and identify potential targets for personalized interventions. We focus on the underlying processes that contribute to the differences in speech prosody, prosodic entrainment, and overall pragmatic skills that are associated with autism. Effective use of prosody necessitates precise speech sound perception, accurate coordination of vocal articulators, and seamless integration of sensory-motor systems for feedback and feedforward control in speech.Aim 1 characterizes spontaneous speech-to-speech rhythmic synchronization in individuals with autism, their first-degree relatives, and control groups. The theoretical rationale for this aim is rooted in strong empirical evidence showing that subconscious synchronization with our environments is an inherent behavioral pattern present at birth that supports aspects of vocal and language learning and contributes to social skills throughout the lifespan. It was hypothesized that spontaneous synchronization of speech would be reduced in autism and parents of autistic individuals and mediated by disruptions in neural speech encoding and motor speech articulation. Aim 2 examines these physiological mechanisms, and their relationship to speech synchrony, predicting less efficient neural encoding and motor articulation in autism. Aim 3 explores the interrelationships between these neural and sensorimotor foundations with social communication features implicated in autism, including prosody, prosodic entrainment, and global pragmatic profiles derived from naturalistic social interactions. Findings reveal that disruptions in speech motor control and neural speech encoding significantly predict variability in social communicative skills associated with autism. While results were mixed with regard to the role of neural speech perception in autism specifically, speech motor control stood out as disrupted in both autism and their first-degree relatives, and strongly related to prosodic and pragmatic phenotypes. While spontaneous speech synchrony does not account for social engagement patterns, both speech synchrony and conversational prosody appear potentially mediated by limitations in the same underlying physiological processes. Multivariate and multimethod analysis of prosody indicates that a slow, more robotic prosodic profile most robustly stands out in autism, and to a lesser degree also characterizes speech of parents of autistic individuals. Speech motor control primarily affects timing-related speech differences (i.e., speech rate and rhythm), whereas neural encoding showed relationships with pitch-relevant differences (i.e., pitch and intonation). These insights have the potential to provide a focused understanding of elements of phenotypic variability in speech prosody across the autism spectrum and offer a foundation for future research. Additionally, results highlight the importance of oral motor control in autism and its potential role in subclinical speech and language features associated with the broad autism phenotype. Individualized, targeted training leveraging neuroplasticity of sensorimotor networks in early development may improve expressive and receptive prosodic skills in autism. Most robustly, diadochokinetic speech emerged as potential heritable biological marker of pragmatic language differences in autism families, influenced by increased genetic susceptibility to autism.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0163.
■650 4▼aCommunication
■650 4▼aNeurosciences
■650 4▼aDevelopmental psychology
■650 4▼aSpeech therapy
■650 4▼aClinical psychology
■653 ▼aAuditory perception
■653 ▼aAutism
■653 ▼aFrequency Following Response
■653 ▼aProsody
■653 ▼aSocial communication
■653 ▼aSpeech-motor
■690 ▼a0459
■690 ▼a0317
■690 ▼a0620
■690 ▼a0622
■690 ▼a0460
■71020▼aNorthwestern University▼bClinical Psychology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03B.
■790 ▼a0163
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357099▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
