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Essays in Environmental Economics
Essays in Environmental Economics
Essays in Environmental Economics

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103131
ISBN  
9798280756656
DDC  
363.7
저자명  
Mishra, Prakash.
서명/저자  
Essays in Environmental Economics
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Pennsylvania, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
266 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: van Benthem, Arthur.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation considers how spatial targeting of environmental policy trades off economic development and environmental surplus.In Chapter 1, I quantify global inefficient and spatially misallocated agricultural deforestation: carbon emissions-intensive deforestation on land with low agricultural yields. I incorporate spatial cost differences, agricultural trade, and cross-country non-agricultural productivity in a general equilibrium trade model to estimate how they contribute to misallocation. Against a benchmark case with a Pigouvian tax at a $190 per ton social cost of carbon, 97% of carbon emissions from deforestation since 1982 are inefficient. Strikingly, these emissions are produced by only 13% of global agricultural land. Preventing these emissions would have costed only 7% of status quo agricultural production, yielding welfare gains of $6.6 trillion since 1982. However, an equity-efficiency tradeoff results: the tax burden falls on the poorest landowners. Lastly, if countries with carbon pricing policy apply these prices to deforestation, they would deliver 5% of emissions reductions achieved under the Pigouvian benchmark.In Chapter 2, co-authored with Arthur van Benthem, Mathias Reynaert, and Tristan Grupp, I turn to land protection policy as a tool of spatial organization for economic and environmental activity. The European Union designates 26% of its landmass as a protected area, limiting economic development to favor biodiversity. We use the staggered introduction of protected areas between 1985 and 2020 to study the selection of land for protection and the causal effect of protection on vegetation cover and nightlights. Protection did not affect these outcomes in any meaningful way across four decades, countries, protection cohorts, population density, or land, soil, and climate characteristics. We conclude that European conservation efforts lack ambition because policymakers protect land not threatened by development or choose weak protection levels on lands that face development pressure.Finally, in Chapter 3, co-authored with Arthur van Benthem, Mathias Reynaert, and Augusto Ospital, I explore the role of agricultural subsidy policy. The European Common Agricultural Policy is one of the largest food subsidy programs in the world. This paper provides suggestive evidence as to the role of European subsidy allocation across countries in reallocating farm production.
키워드  
Environmental policy
키워드  
Economic development
키워드  
General equilibrium trade model
키워드  
Policymakers
기타저자  
University of Pennsylvania Applied Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a363.7
■1001  ▼aMishra,  Prakash.
■24510▼aEssays  in  Environmental  Economics
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a266  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  van  Benthem,  Arthur.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Pennsylvania,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  considers  how  spatial  targeting  of  environmental  policy  trades  off  economic  development  and  environmental  surplus.In  Chapter  1,  I  quantify  global  inefficient  and  spatially  misallocated  agricultural  deforestation:  carbon  emissions-intensive  deforestation  on  land  with  low  agricultural  yields.  I  incorporate  spatial  cost  differences,  agricultural  trade,  and  cross-country  non-agricultural  productivity  in  a  general  equilibrium  trade  model  to  estimate  how  they  contribute  to  misallocation.  Against  a  benchmark  case  with  a  Pigouvian  tax  at  a  $190  per  ton  social  cost  of  carbon,  97%  of  carbon  emissions  from  deforestation  since  1982  are  inefficient.  Strikingly,  these  emissions  are  produced  by  only  13%  of  global  agricultural  land.  Preventing  these  emissions  would  have  costed  only  7%  of  status  quo  agricultural  production,  yielding  welfare  gains  of  $6.6  trillion  since  1982.  However,  an  equity-efficiency  tradeoff  results:  the  tax  burden  falls  on  the  poorest  landowners.  Lastly,  if  countries  with  carbon  pricing  policy  apply  these  prices  to  deforestation,  they  would  deliver  5%  of  emissions  reductions  achieved  under  the  Pigouvian  benchmark.In  Chapter  2,  co-authored  with  Arthur  van  Benthem,  Mathias  Reynaert,  and  Tristan  Grupp,  I  turn  to  land  protection  policy  as  a  tool  of  spatial  organization  for  economic  and  environmental  activity.  The  European  Union  designates  26%  of  its  landmass  as  a  protected  area,  limiting  economic  development  to  favor  biodiversity.  We  use  the  staggered  introduction  of  protected  areas  between  1985  and  2020  to  study  the  selection  of  land  for  protection  and  the  causal  effect  of  protection  on  vegetation  cover  and  nightlights.  Protection  did  not  affect  these  outcomes  in  any  meaningful  way  across  four  decades,  countries,  protection  cohorts,  population  density,  or  land,  soil,  and  climate  characteristics.  We  conclude  that  European  conservation  efforts  lack  ambition  because  policymakers  protect  land  not  threatened  by  development  or  choose  weak  protection  levels  on  lands  that  face  development  pressure.Finally,  in  Chapter  3,  co-authored  with  Arthur  van  Benthem,  Mathias  Reynaert,  and  Augusto  Ospital,  I  explore  the  role  of  agricultural  subsidy  policy.  The  European  Common  Agricultural  Policy  is  one  of  the  largest  food  subsidy  programs  in  the  world.  This  paper  provides  suggestive  evidence  as  to  the  role  of  European  subsidy  allocation  across  countries  in  reallocating  farm  production.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0175.
■653    ▼aEnvironmental  policy
■653    ▼aEconomic  development
■653    ▼aGeneral  equilibrium  trade  model
■653    ▼aPolicymakers
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0438
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼bApplied  Economics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12A.
■790    ▼a0175
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357104▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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