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The Impact of Nutrient-Nutrient Interaction on Nutrients Bioaccessibility and Cell Uptake
The Impact of Nutrient-Nutrient Interaction on Nutrients Bioaccessibility and Cell Uptake
The Impact of Nutrient-Nutrient Interaction on Nutrients Bioaccessibility and Cell Uptake

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103700
ISBN  
9798314893630
DDC  
641
저자명  
Li, Ziqi.
서명/저자  
The Impact of Nutrient-Nutrient Interaction on Nutrients Bioaccessibility and Cell Uptake
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Ohio State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
194 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kopec, Rachel E.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약A diverse diet is essential for a healthy lifestyle. However, historically, dietary nutrients have often been studied individually, and our knowledge of their interactions is limited. Iron and vitamin A, which can come from provitamin A carotenoids, are among the most commonly deficient micronutrients globally, raising significant health concerns. Additionally, coenzyme Q10 is gaining attention for boosting energy and combating post-COVID fatigue. While emulsification and encapsulation can enhance the delivery of fat-soluble nutrients like carotenoids and coenzyme Q10, the effectiveness of the food-grade emulsifier phospholipid in improving bioaccessibility remains inconsistent. In relation to iron, novel electric processing has created an iron enriched kale, but its iron delivery compared to other iron sources is still unclear. Additionally, novel plant-based fortificant iron chlorophyll derivatives (ICDs) can enhance iron delivery to intestinal cells when co-digested with albumin. However, the impact of various food proteins, particularly plant proteins, on iron absorption requires further exploration. In Objective 1, an in vitro digestion + Caco-2 intestinal cell model was used to evaluate the dose-response effect of phospholipid on carotenoid bioaccessibility and cell uptake, as well as whether liquid and powder forms of bioactive compounds encapsulated with phospholipid improve these parameters compared to a non-encapsulated control. Objective 2 examined the impact of novel electric treatment on the concentrations of antioxidants and carotenoids in kale. An in vitro digestion + Caco-2 model was used to determine if iron bioaccessibility and iron cell uptake from this kale surpass those from iron sulfate (the most common commercial iron supplement) and heme iron. For Objective 3, ICDs were digested alone and co-digested with whey, soybean, or pea protein isolates in vitro. A Caco-2 model was used to assess iron delivery. Metabolites in the digesta were profiled using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics. A lecithin dose of 1 mg improved carotenoid bioaccessibility ~2x and led to increased Caco-2 cell uptake of the carotenes tested, but no change in xanthophylls tested, as compared to the control group. Doses of lecithin ≥ 3 mg did not improve carotenoid bioaccessibility or Caco-2 cell uptake and produced oil droplet aggregation. Encapsulation (by either VitaDry® or Vitasperse®, containing medium chain triglycerides + phospholipids) increased total astaxanthin bioaccessibility 2-2.4x and cell uptake by ~2x relative to control. Encapsulation also increased total lutein bioaccessibility by 3-5x and cell uptake 2.3x relative to control. There was no significant difference between VitaDry® and VitaSperse® products in regard to Caco-2 cell uptake. The Vita encapsulated CoQ10 was 1.4x more bioaccessible as compared to the control, with no difference between the VitaDry® and VitaSperse® products. The VitaDry® and VitaSperse® encapsulated CoQ10 was 6.0x and 5.5x better taken up by Caco-2 cells.Following incubation with digesta, the combination moderate electric field-treated kale led to a 4x increase in cell ferritin relative to FeSO4 alone, with levels comparable to those seen with FeSO4+ascorbic acid (AA) and hemoglobin. In the highest amount of iron/100 g kale leaf, β-carotene and lutein were 3-4x lower, α-tocopherol was comparable, and AA was 3x higher, as compared to untreated kale. Notably, MEF-treated kale is an iron-rich source that demonstrates high iron delivery in vitro.Whey protein isolate increased total iron bioaccessibility, while soybean and pea protein isolates decreased it, as compared to ICDs digested alone. All co-digested protein isolates reduced ICD bioaccessibility and cell ferritin formation compared to ICDs alone. With the addition of AA, the total iron and ICD bioaccessibility and Caco-2 cell ferritin formation following incubation with digesta containing ICDs+whey protein isolate were comparable to ICDs alone. However, bioaccessibility and ferritin formation following incubation with digesta containing ICDs+legume protein isolates were lower relative to ICDs. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics analyses revealed that ICDs+whey+AA digesta had increased glutamic acid and cysteine containing tri/dipeptides, which can chelate iron and potentially facilitate transport across the Caco-2 apical membrane, as compared to ICDs+whey. In contrast, the abundant trigonelline in legume digesta may have been responsible for inhibiting iron absorption, when ICDs were co-digested with plant proteins. However, more evidence is needed to verify these hypotheses.These results guide bioactive nutrient pairings, which can help improve dietary strategies. Ultimately, we hope the findings will provide scientific insights that benefit human nutritional health.
일반주제명  
Nutrition
일반주제명  
Food science
일반주제명  
Health sciences
일반주제명  
Public health
키워드  
Bioaccessibility
키워드  
Phospholipids
키워드  
Nutrient pairings
키워드  
Glutamic acid
키워드  
Iron chlorophyll derivatives
기타저자  
The Ohio State University Food Science and Technology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aLi,  Ziqi.
■24510▼aThe  Impact  of  Nutrient-Nutrient  Interaction  on  Nutrients  Bioaccessibility  and  Cell  Uptake
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Ohio  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a194  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kopec,  Rachel  E.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Ohio  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aA  diverse  diet  is  essential  for  a  healthy  lifestyle.  However,  historically,  dietary  nutrients  have  often  been  studied  individually,  and  our  knowledge  of  their  interactions  is  limited.  Iron  and  vitamin  A,  which  can  come  from  provitamin  A  carotenoids,  are  among  the  most  commonly  deficient  micronutrients  globally,  raising  significant  health  concerns.  Additionally,  coenzyme  Q10  is  gaining  attention  for  boosting  energy  and  combating  post-COVID  fatigue.  While  emulsification  and  encapsulation  can  enhance  the  delivery  of  fat-soluble  nutrients  like  carotenoids  and  coenzyme  Q10,  the  effectiveness  of  the  food-grade  emulsifier  phospholipid  in  improving  bioaccessibility  remains  inconsistent.  In  relation  to  iron,  novel  electric  processing  has  created  an  iron  enriched  kale,  but  its  iron  delivery  compared  to  other  iron  sources  is  still  unclear.  Additionally,  novel  plant-based  fortificant  iron  chlorophyll  derivatives  (ICDs)  can  enhance  iron  delivery  to  intestinal  cells  when  co-digested  with  albumin.  However,  the  impact  of  various  food  proteins,  particularly  plant  proteins,  on  iron  absorption  requires  further  exploration. In  Objective  1,  an  in  vitro  digestion  +  Caco-2  intestinal  cell  model  was  used  to  evaluate  the  dose-response  effect  of  phospholipid  on  carotenoid  bioaccessibility  and  cell  uptake,  as  well  as  whether  liquid  and  powder  forms  of  bioactive  compounds  encapsulated  with  phospholipid  improve  these  parameters  compared  to  a  non-encapsulated  control.  Objective  2  examined  the  impact  of  novel  electric  treatment  on  the  concentrations  of  antioxidants  and  carotenoids  in  kale.  An  in  vitro  digestion  +  Caco-2  model  was  used  to determine  if  iron  bioaccessibility  and  iron  cell  uptake  from  this  kale  surpass  those  from  iron  sulfate  (the  most  common  commercial  iron  supplement)  and  heme  iron.  For  Objective  3,  ICDs  were  digested  alone  and  co-digested  with  whey,  soybean,  or  pea  protein  isolates  in  vitro.  A  Caco-2  model  was  used  to  assess  iron  delivery.  Metabolites  in  the  digesta  were  profiled  using  liquid  chromatography-mass  spectrometry-based  untargeted  metabolomics. A  lecithin  dose  of  1  mg  improved  carotenoid  bioaccessibility  ~2x  and  led  to  increased  Caco-2  cell  uptake  of  the  carotenes  tested,  but  no  change  in  xanthophylls  tested,  as  compared  to  the  control  group.  Doses  of  lecithin  ≥  3  mg  did  not  improve  carotenoid  bioaccessibility  or  Caco-2  cell  uptake  and  produced  oil  droplet  aggregation.  Encapsulation  (by  either  VitaDry®  or  Vitasperse®,  containing  medium  chain  triglycerides  +  phospholipids)  increased  total  astaxanthin  bioaccessibility  2-2.4x  and  cell  uptake  by  ~2x  relative  to  control.  Encapsulation  also  increased  total  lutein  bioaccessibility  by  3-5x  and  cell  uptake  2.3x  relative  to  control.  There  was  no  significant  difference  between  VitaDry®  and  VitaSperse®  products  in  regard  to  Caco-2  cell  uptake.  The  Vita  encapsulated  CoQ10  was  1.4x  more  bioaccessible  as  compared  to  the  control,  with  no  difference  between  the  VitaDry®  and  VitaSperse®  products.  The  VitaDry®  and  VitaSperse®  encapsulated  CoQ10  was  6.0x  and  5.5x  better  taken  up  by  Caco-2  cells.Following  incubation  with  digesta,  the  combination  moderate  electric  field-treated  kale  led  to  a  4x  increase  in  cell  ferritin  relative  to  FeSO4  alone,  with  levels  comparable  to  those  seen  with  FeSO4+ascorbic  acid  (AA)  and  hemoglobin.  In  the  highest  amount  of  iron/100  g  kale  leaf,  β-carotene  and  lutein  were  3-4x  lower,  α-tocopherol  was  comparable, and  AA  was  3x  higher,  as  compared  to  untreated  kale.  Notably,  MEF-treated  kale  is  an  iron-rich  source  that  demonstrates  high  iron  delivery  in  vitro.Whey  protein  isolate  increased  total  iron  bioaccessibility,  while  soybean  and  pea  protein  isolates  decreased  it,  as  compared  to  ICDs  digested  alone.  All  co-digested  protein  isolates  reduced  ICD  bioaccessibility  and  cell  ferritin  formation  compared  to  ICDs  alone.  With  the  addition  of  AA,  the  total  iron  and  ICD  bioaccessibility  and  Caco-2  cell  ferritin  formation  following  incubation  with  digesta  containing  ICDs+whey  protein  isolate  were  comparable  to  ICDs  alone.  However,  bioaccessibility  and  ferritin  formation  following  incubation  with  digesta  containing  ICDs+legume  protein  isolates  were  lower  relative  to  ICDs.  Ultra-high  performance  liquid  chromatography-mass  spectrometry  metabolomics  analyses  revealed  that  ICDs+whey+AA  digesta  had  increased  glutamic  acid  and  cysteine  containing  tri/dipeptides,  which  can  chelate  iron  and  potentially  facilitate  transport  across  the  Caco-2  apical  membrane,  as  compared  to  ICDs+whey.  In  contrast,  the  abundant  trigonelline  in  legume  digesta  may  have  been  responsible  for  inhibiting  iron  absorption,  when  ICDs  were  co-digested  with  plant  proteins.  However,  more  evidence  is  needed  to  verify  these  hypotheses.These  results  guide  bioactive  nutrient  pairings,  which  can  help  improve  dietary  strategies.  Ultimately,  we  hope  the  findings  will  provide  scientific  insights  that  benefit  human  nutritional  health.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0168.
■650  4▼aNutrition
■650  4▼aFood  science
■650  4▼aHealth  sciences
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■653    ▼aBioaccessibility  
■653    ▼aPhospholipids
■653    ▼aNutrient  pairings
■653    ▼aGlutamic  acid
■653    ▼aIron  chlorophyll  derivatives
■690    ▼a0570
■690    ▼a0566
■690    ▼a0359
■690    ▼a0573
■71020▼aThe  Ohio  State  University▼bFood  Science  and  Technology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-11B.
■790    ▼a0168
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358215▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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