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Aqueous Metallo-Megasupramolecules: From Stability to Extensional Flow Properties
Aqueous Metallo-Megasupramolecules: From Stability to Extensional Flow Properties
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104755
- ISBN
- 9798290653587
- DDC
- 600
- 서명/저자
- Aqueous Metallo-Megasupramolecules: From Stability to Extensional Flow Properties
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : California Institute of Technology, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 160 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Kornfield, Julia.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The addition of long, flexible polymers ( 1 Mg/mol) to a fluid is known to reduce turbulent drag and control droplet behavior, which has the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of engineering flows across various industries, from agriculture to aviation. However, hydrodynamic forces can break the polymers and diminish their effectiveness, which is presently a major roadblock to their practical utilization in both applications and research. To address this challenge, the Kornfield group developed end-associative, self-healing polymers for use in fuel and, more recently, for use in water-aqueous terpyridine-ended polyacrylamide (TPAM) supramolecules. This thesis examines the relationships between the molecular structure of TPAM, the amount of metal provided to link pairs of chain ends, and kinetic processes of the resulting supramolecules and the rheological properties and performance they provide.The most useful polymers for reducing turbulent drag, controlling mist, and tailoring droplet impact behavior have a combination of efficacy at low concentration ( 0.1 %wt), so they only mildly affect the shear viscosity ( 1 ms), so that turbulent eddies or elongating fluid filaments cause them to stretch and elastically resist elongational flow. This thesis explores the fundamental nature of TPAM supramolecules and their potential utility as a rheological modifier, using measurements of their molecular weight distributions and the resulting extensional relaxation time (\uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38) as our primary sources of insight into the relationship between supramolecular structure and flow behavior. We examine the kinetics of redistribution of TPAM molecules among supramolecular species (equilibration) and the kinetics of chemical degradation of TPAM molecules, which cause a rise and fall of \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38, respectively. This is the first report of the increase in \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38as larger supramolecules form when the metal ions that link them are introduced to polymers below their overlap concentration. Study of chemical degradation-desirable in the environment, but not during use-revealed that its rate can be controlled by limiting air exposure, avoiding an excess of metal ions relative to ligands, and storing samples in refrigerated conditions (4°C). Understanding the timescale for the crossover from equilibration to degradation combined with establishing methods to delay degradation for several weeks enables further exploration of TPAM's structure-property relationships.We assess how changes in metal-to-ligand ratios (M:L) and unimer lengths influence TPAM's megasupramolecular size, equilibration and decay dynamics, and \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38, revealing that lower than stoichiometric metal to ligand ratios (M:L 1:2 for Ni2+ : terpyridine) promote more rapid stabilization of \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38due to efficient exchange of metal ions when unoccupied ligands are available, while higher ratios (M:L 1:2) exacerbate degradation (likely due to the catalytic effects of metal ions when they are not bound by ligands). We show that the presence of supramolecules that comprise over 10 unimers gives rise to a \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38 ≈ 2 ms at 0.04 wt%, i.e., long and dilute enough to cause drag reduction. In accord with theoretical predictions, larger unimers have a disproportionate effect in promoting longer megasupramolecules, which further increases \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38. In the interest of achieving even longer supramolecules (and thus longer \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38) with the same amount of TPAM, we modify the solution preparation protocol by introducing metal ions to a more concentrated TPAM solution prior to dilution. This exposes new and intriguing topologies with \uD835\uDC40\uD835\uDC64 extending beyond the upper limits of our accessible measurement (10 Mg/mol), which expand the envelope of the longest accessible \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38(from 2∼ to 6∼ ms with M:L = 1:2 for Ni(II):terpyridine). These complex supramolecules have three times the mass within the same pervaded volume compared to the supramolecules formed when metal is added after unimers are diluted below their overlap concentration. We evaluated their potential as chain scission-resistant, turbulent drag reducing agents. In their initial state, they can reduce turbulent drag and keep their unimer backbones intact; however, their supramolecular structures and prolonged \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38are not maintained after multiple passes through contraction flow, turbulent flow, and expansion flow. The fact that their backbones remain intact, in addition to the range of \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38achieved with the more standard linear topologies (up to 3∼ ms with 1 MDa unimers), suggests that TPAM is a viable option for a robust rheological modifier that warrants continued investigation. Our findings not only enhance our knowledge of TPAM's structural and rheological properties under a range of conditions, but we lay the groundwork for ongoing studies and collaborations that will continue to deepen our understanding of aqueous megasupramolecule dynamics and potential applications.
- 일반주제명
- Polymers
- 일반주제명
- Molecular weight
- 일반주제명
- Acids
- 일반주제명
- Illustrations
- 일반주제명
- Viscosity
- 일반주제명
- Protocol
- 일반주제명
- Pneumatics
- 일반주제명
- Rheology
- 일반주제명
- Solvents
- 일반주제명
- Polymer chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Fluid mechanics
- 기타저자
- California Institute of Technology Engineering and Applied Science
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798290653587
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32151380
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)Caltech17360
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a600
■1001 ▼aTawney, Jacqueline Rose.
■24510▼aAqueous Metallo-Megasupramolecules: From Stability to Extensional Flow Properties
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bCalifornia Institute of Technology▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a160 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Kornfield, Julia.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2024.
■520 ▼aThe addition of long, flexible polymers ( 1 Mg/mol) to a fluid is known to reduce turbulent drag and control droplet behavior, which has the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of engineering flows across various industries, from agriculture to aviation. However, hydrodynamic forces can break the polymers and diminish their effectiveness, which is presently a major roadblock to their practical utilization in both applications and research. To address this challenge, the Kornfield group developed end-associative, self-healing polymers for use in fuel and, more recently, for use in water-aqueous terpyridine-ended polyacrylamide (TPAM) supramolecules. This thesis examines the relationships between the molecular structure of TPAM, the amount of metal provided to link pairs of chain ends, and kinetic processes of the resulting supramolecules and the rheological properties and performance they provide.The most useful polymers for reducing turbulent drag, controlling mist, and tailoring droplet impact behavior have a combination of efficacy at low concentration ( 0.1 %wt), so they only mildly affect the shear viscosity ( 1 ms), so that turbulent eddies or elongating fluid filaments cause them to stretch and elastically resist elongational flow. This thesis explores the fundamental nature of TPAM supramolecules and their potential utility as a rheological modifier, using measurements of their molecular weight distributions and the resulting extensional relaxation time (\uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38) as our primary sources of insight into the relationship between supramolecular structure and flow behavior. We examine the kinetics of redistribution of TPAM molecules among supramolecular species (equilibration) and the kinetics of chemical degradation of TPAM molecules, which cause a rise and fall of \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38, respectively. This is the first report of the increase in \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38as larger supramolecules form when the metal ions that link them are introduced to polymers below their overlap concentration. Study of chemical degradation-desirable in the environment, but not during use-revealed that its rate can be controlled by limiting air exposure, avoiding an excess of metal ions relative to ligands, and storing samples in refrigerated conditions (4°C). Understanding the timescale for the crossover from equilibration to degradation combined with establishing methods to delay degradation for several weeks enables further exploration of TPAM's structure-property relationships.We assess how changes in metal-to-ligand ratios (M:L) and unimer lengths influence TPAM's megasupramolecular size, equilibration and decay dynamics, and \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38, revealing that lower than stoichiometric metal to ligand ratios (M:L 1:2 for Ni2+ : terpyridine) promote more rapid stabilization of \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38due to efficient exchange of metal ions when unoccupied ligands are available, while higher ratios (M:L 1:2) exacerbate degradation (likely due to the catalytic effects of metal ions when they are not bound by ligands). We show that the presence of supramolecules that comprise over 10 unimers gives rise to a \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38 ≈ 2 ms at 0.04 wt%, i.e., long and dilute enough to cause drag reduction. In accord with theoretical predictions, larger unimers have a disproportionate effect in promoting longer megasupramolecules, which further increases \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38. In the interest of achieving even longer supramolecules (and thus longer \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38) with the same amount of TPAM, we modify the solution preparation protocol by introducing metal ions to a more concentrated TPAM solution prior to dilution. This exposes new and intriguing topologies with \uD835\uDC40\uD835\uDC64 extending beyond the upper limits of our accessible measurement (10 Mg/mol), which expand the envelope of the longest accessible \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38(from 2∼ to 6∼ ms with M:L = 1:2 for Ni(II):terpyridine). These complex supramolecules have three times the mass within the same pervaded volume compared to the supramolecules formed when metal is added after unimers are diluted below their overlap concentration. We evaluated their potential as chain scission-resistant, turbulent drag reducing agents. In their initial state, they can reduce turbulent drag and keep their unimer backbones intact; however, their supramolecular structures and prolonged \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38are not maintained after multiple passes through contraction flow, turbulent flow, and expansion flow. The fact that their backbones remain intact, in addition to the range of \uD835\uDF06\uD835\uDC38achieved with the more standard linear topologies (up to 3∼ ms with 1 MDa unimers), suggests that TPAM is a viable option for a robust rheological modifier that warrants continued investigation. Our findings not only enhance our knowledge of TPAM's structural and rheological properties under a range of conditions, but we lay the groundwork for ongoing studies and collaborations that will continue to deepen our understanding of aqueous megasupramolecule dynamics and potential applications.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0037.
■650 4▼aPolymers
■650 4▼aMolecular weight
■650 4▼aAcids
■650 4▼aIllustrations
■650 4▼aViscosity
■650 4▼aProtocol
■650 4▼aPneumatics
■650 4▼aRheology
■650 4▼aSolvents
■650 4▼aPolymer chemistry
■650 4▼aFluid mechanics
■653 ▼aMegasupramolecules
■653 ▼aTerpyridine-ended polyacrylamide
■690 ▼a0495
■690 ▼a0204
■71020▼aCalifornia Institute of Technology▼bEngineering and Applied Science.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03B.
■790 ▼a0037
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358813▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


