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Exploring Linear and Nonlinear Electromagnetic Responses in Topological Materials
Exploring Linear and Nonlinear Electromagnetic Responses in Topological Materials
Exploring Linear and Nonlinear Electromagnetic Responses in Topological Materials

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105701
ISBN  
9798263307875
DDC  
530
저자명  
McKay, Robert C.
서명/저자  
Exploring Linear and Nonlinear Electromagnetic Responses in Topological Materials
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
159 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Vishveshwara, Smitha.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation serves to examine the linear and nonlinear electromagnetic response properties in topological materials. Topological materials tend to produce unique transport signatures that point to the underlying topology of its electronic energy bands. Furthermore, given the recent experimental interest in terahertz spectroscopy and nonlinear response theories, we specifically focus on the linear and nonlinear electromagnetic response properties in such materials. The particular and timely topological materials that are covered in this thesis are the conventional Weyl semimetal, the Kramers Weyl semimetal, and the moire Chern insulator. An introduction and all the models used in this thesis are given in Ch. 1.We begin this research topic by understanding how charge-density waves impact electric field-induced transport in the topological system: the Weyl semimetal. Research over the past several years has reinvigorated the examination of how charge-density waves interact with topology. This renewed interest stems not only from advancements in optical spectroscopy experiments (i.e. more readily measurable nonlinear electromagnetic responses) but also in how materials with distinct transport signatures are impacted by charge-density wave interactions. To understand how topologically nontrivial Weyl semimetals couple to charge-density waves, we evaluate the linear and nonlinear longitudinal collective responses from perturbing electric fields, and contemplate the possible collective phonon modes mediating these responses. We consider the onset of the phase-modulating (massless) collective modes and amplitude-modulating (massive) collective modes in these responses. We find that the tilted Weyl-charge-density wave model can yield nontrivial linear longitudinal collective conductivity, mediated by the massless collective propagator mode. We also find that the untilted Weyl-charge-density wave model can yield a third-order longitudinal collective conductivity mediated by the massive collective propagator mode. We lay out all of this longitudinal collective response analysis from a perturbing electric field in Ch. 2.Continuing our research into the electromagnetic transport in Weyl semimetals, we will also explore the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of a Kramers Weyl semimetal. The Kramers Weyl semimetal is an interesting topological system with nested Fermi surfaces, stemming from chiral materials with strong spin-orbit coupling at high symmetry points. This widens the breadth of this thesis, not only in terms of exotic topological materials, but also in terms of electromagnetic-induced responses. In this chapter, we also consider the experimentally relevant system of (TaSe4)2I, which allows for experimental checking of our one-step photoemission model. We investigate how the spin texture of Kramers Weyl fermions affects photoexcitations in such materials. We find that a combination of time-reversal symmetry, orbital functions, and radial (pseudo-)spin texture close to the Kramers Weyl node impacts the dichroism in an asymmetric way that is consistent with experiments. The topic of the Kramers Weyl semimetal and its photoexcitation model is presented in Ch. 3.In furthering our pursuit of electromagnetic response theories in topological materials, we also theorize about including spatial inhomogeneities in our nonlinear response framework. Since perturbing electromagnetic fields can transfer not only energy (via frequency) but also momentum (via wavevectors) through fermion excitations, then we adopt a response theory that accounts for excitations in wavevector. Crucially, we require that our spatially inhomogeneous response theory obeys the conservation of current. In formulating this response theory, we consider two topological material models that are experimentally relevant: the Weyl semimetal and the moire Chern insulator. We first explore the anomalous Hall response in Weyl semimetals, subject to spatial inhomogeneities, which reveals opposing contributions between the Berry curvature and the density of states. We then apply our results to study the Kerr effect in the moire Chern insulator, which exemplifies the experimental pertinence of spatially inhomogeneous fields in such systems, given their large effective lattice constants. We further examine the nonlinear, magnetic, and magnetoelectric phenomena in the Chern insulator. We provide this wavevector-dependent holistic progression in the electromagnetic response theory in Ch. 4.In the penultimate chapter, we apply the formulations we have developed from previous chapters (i.e. collective charge-density wave modes, Weyl semimetals, and spatially inhomogeneous electromagnetic responses) to study the axionic electromagnetic response. We specifically focus on methods for experimentally observing the axion through a collective optical response. We not only show that optical evidence of the axion is possible, but we also extend our analysis to beyond linear order in the corrections to Maxwell's equations. This result is particularly important since the experimental observation of the axion in Weyl-Charge-density wave systems has been a topic of debate. Therein, we ultimately show that the axionic corrections to Maxwell's laws can be indirectly observed in theory in Ch. 5.We then provide a summary and outlook of all conclusions from this thesis in Ch. 6.
일반주제명  
Condensed matter physics
일반주제명  
Theoretical physics
일반주제명  
Applied physics
일반주제명  
Electromagnetics
일반주제명  
Thermodynamics
키워드  
Linear response
키워드  
Nonlinear response
키워드  
Topological materials
키워드  
Weyl semimetal
키워드  
Charge-density waves
키워드  
Electromagnetic response
키워드  
Spatially inhomogeneous
기타저자  
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aMcKay,  Robert  C.
■24510▼aExploring  Linear  and  Nonlinear  Electromagnetic  Responses  in  Topological  Materials
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a159  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Vishveshwara,  Smitha.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  serves  to  examine  the  linear  and  nonlinear  electromagnetic  response  properties  in  topological  materials.  Topological  materials  tend  to  produce  unique  transport  signatures  that  point  to  the  underlying  topology  of  its  electronic  energy  bands.  Furthermore,  given  the  recent  experimental  interest  in  terahertz  spectroscopy  and  nonlinear  response  theories,  we  specifically  focus  on  the  linear  and  nonlinear  electromagnetic  response  properties  in  such  materials.  The  particular  and  timely  topological  materials  that  are  covered  in  this  thesis  are  the  conventional  Weyl  semimetal,  the  Kramers  Weyl  semimetal,  and  the  moire  Chern  insulator.  An  introduction  and  all  the  models  used  in  this  thesis  are  given  in  Ch.  1.We  begin  this  research  topic  by  understanding  how  charge-density  waves  impact  electric  field-induced  transport  in  the  topological  system:  the  Weyl  semimetal.  Research  over  the  past  several  years  has  reinvigorated  the  examination  of  how  charge-density  waves  interact  with  topology.  This  renewed  interest  stems  not  only  from  advancements  in  optical  spectroscopy  experiments  (i.e.  more  readily  measurable  nonlinear  electromagnetic  responses)  but  also  in  how  materials  with  distinct  transport  signatures  are  impacted  by  charge-density  wave  interactions.  To  understand  how  topologically  nontrivial  Weyl  semimetals  couple  to  charge-density  waves,  we  evaluate  the  linear  and  nonlinear  longitudinal  collective  responses  from  perturbing  electric  fields,  and  contemplate  the  possible  collective  phonon  modes  mediating  these  responses.  We  consider  the  onset  of  the  phase-modulating  (massless)  collective  modes  and  amplitude-modulating  (massive)  collective  modes  in  these  responses.  We  find  that  the  tilted  Weyl-charge-density  wave  model  can  yield  nontrivial  linear  longitudinal  collective  conductivity,  mediated  by  the  massless  collective  propagator  mode.  We  also  find  that  the  untilted  Weyl-charge-density  wave  model  can  yield  a  third-order  longitudinal  collective  conductivity  mediated  by  the  massive  collective  propagator  mode.  We  lay  out  all  of  this  longitudinal  collective  response  analysis  from  a  perturbing  electric  field  in  Ch.  2.Continuing  our  research  into  the  electromagnetic  transport  in  Weyl  semimetals,  we  will  also  explore  the  angle-resolved  photoemission  spectroscopy  of  a  Kramers  Weyl  semimetal.  The  Kramers  Weyl  semimetal  is  an  interesting  topological  system  with  nested  Fermi  surfaces,  stemming  from  chiral  materials  with  strong  spin-orbit  coupling  at  high  symmetry  points.  This  widens  the  breadth  of  this  thesis,  not  only  in  terms  of  exotic  topological  materials,  but  also  in  terms  of  electromagnetic-induced  responses.  In  this  chapter,  we  also  consider  the  experimentally  relevant  system  of  (TaSe4)2I,  which  allows  for  experimental  checking  of  our  one-step  photoemission  model.  We  investigate  how  the  spin  texture  of  Kramers  Weyl  fermions  affects  photoexcitations  in  such  materials.  We  find  that  a  combination  of  time-reversal  symmetry,  orbital  functions,  and  radial  (pseudo-)spin  texture  close  to  the  Kramers  Weyl  node  impacts  the  dichroism  in  an  asymmetric  way  that  is  consistent  with  experiments.  The  topic  of  the  Kramers  Weyl  semimetal  and  its  photoexcitation  model  is  presented  in  Ch.  3.In  furthering  our  pursuit  of  electromagnetic  response  theories  in  topological  materials,  we  also  theorize  about  including  spatial  inhomogeneities  in  our  nonlinear  response  framework.  Since  perturbing  electromagnetic  fields  can  transfer  not  only  energy  (via  frequency)  but  also  momentum  (via  wavevectors)  through  fermion  excitations,  then  we  adopt  a  response  theory  that  accounts  for  excitations  in  wavevector.  Crucially,  we  require  that  our  spatially  inhomogeneous  response  theory  obeys  the  conservation  of  current.  In  formulating  this  response  theory,  we  consider  two  topological  material  models  that  are  experimentally  relevant:  the  Weyl  semimetal  and  the  moire  Chern  insulator.  We  first  explore  the  anomalous  Hall  response  in  Weyl  semimetals,  subject  to  spatial  inhomogeneities,  which  reveals  opposing  contributions  between  the  Berry  curvature  and  the  density  of  states.  We  then  apply  our  results  to  study  the  Kerr  effect  in  the  moire  Chern  insulator,  which  exemplifies  the  experimental  pertinence  of  spatially  inhomogeneous  fields  in  such  systems,  given  their  large  effective  lattice  constants.  We  further  examine  the  nonlinear,  magnetic,  and  magnetoelectric  phenomena  in  the  Chern  insulator.  We  provide  this  wavevector-dependent  holistic  progression  in  the  electromagnetic  response  theory  in  Ch.  4.In  the  penultimate  chapter,  we  apply  the  formulations  we  have  developed  from  previous  chapters  (i.e.  collective  charge-density  wave  modes,  Weyl  semimetals,  and  spatially  inhomogeneous  electromagnetic  responses)  to  study  the  axionic  electromagnetic  response.  We  specifically  focus  on  methods  for  experimentally  observing  the  axion  through  a  collective  optical  response.  We  not  only  show  that  optical  evidence  of  the  axion  is  possible,  but  we  also  extend  our  analysis  to  beyond  linear  order  in  the  corrections  to  Maxwell's  equations.  This  result  is  particularly  important  since  the  experimental  observation  of  the  axion  in  Weyl-Charge-density  wave  systems  has  been  a  topic  of  debate.  Therein,  we  ultimately  show  that  the  axionic  corrections  to  Maxwell's  laws  can  be  indirectly  observed  in  theory  in  Ch.  5.We  then  provide  a  summary  and  outlook  of  all  conclusions  from  this  thesis  in  Ch.  6.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0090.
■650  4▼aCondensed  matter  physics
■650  4▼aTheoretical  physics
■650  4▼aApplied  physics
■650  4▼aElectromagnetics
■650  4▼aThermodynamics
■653    ▼aLinear  response
■653    ▼aNonlinear  response
■653    ▼aTopological  materials
■653    ▼aWeyl  semimetal
■653    ▼aCharge-density  waves
■653    ▼aElectromagnetic  response
■653    ▼aSpatially  inhomogeneous
■690    ▼a0611
■690    ▼a0753
■690    ▼a0215
■690    ▼a0348
■690    ▼a0607
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0090
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17361072▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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