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Regulation of Pre-mRNA Processing Through Nascent RNA Folding
Regulation of Pre-mRNA Processing Through Nascent RNA Folding
Regulation of Pre-mRNA Processing Through Nascent RNA Folding

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103036
ISBN  
9798286442355
DDC  
574
저자명  
Scharfen, Leonard.
서명/저자  
Regulation of Pre-mRNA Processing Through Nascent RNA Folding
발행사항  
[Sl] : Yale University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
122 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Neugebauer, Karla M.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약RNA sequence determines the formation of intramolecular base pairs. Together with tertiary contacts, base pairs define every RNA's structure, or fold. The catalytic, regulatory, or coding potential of an RNA strongly depends on its folding pattern. Because base pairing occurs much faster than RNA synthesis (transcription) in cells, early structural states can govern RNA processing events and dictate the formation of functional conformations. These co-transcriptional structural states remained largely unknown. To address this gap, I developed CoSTseq, a chemical probing and enrichment method to measure nascent RNA base pairing upon exit from RNA polymerases (Pols) transcriptome-wide in living Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) cells. By monitoring each nucleotide's base pairing activity during transcription, CoSTseq reveals predominantly rapid pairing - within 25 bp of transcription after addition to the nascent chain. My data show that previously uncharacterized pre-rRNA base pairing patterns emerge during transcription, representing radically different local intermediates to mature rRNA structure and function. I find that helicases can act on rRNA directly after synthesis across the entire locus, facilitating extensive remodeling of transient structures. In contrast, nascent pre-mRNAs fold into local structures that are indistinguishable from mature mRNAs, suggesting that co-transcriptional base pairing resembles mRNA re-folding during translation.Pre-mRNA splicing relies on the recognition of sequence elements (5' splice site, branch site, 3' splice site) by protein and RNA components of the spliceosome, and occurs co-transcriptionally in yeast. Since I showed using CoSTseq that RNA base pairing also occurs rapidly, I hypothesized that structures involving the splice sites are potent modulators of splicing. I developed a massively parallel reporter assay that allows accurate quantification of splicing efficiencies modulated by RNA structure across tens of thousands of intron variants in yeast. I find that sequestering the 5'SS or branch site in base pairing interactions modulates splicing within an unexpectedly large dynamic range, which can be nearly fully explained by structure stability. In addition to known intronic recognition sites, I find new structural elements that are required for efficient splicing. Simple machine learning models are able to learn the relationship between structure and splicing, and using a genetic algorithm, can be employed to create designer introns that are spliced with any desired efficiency.In summary, this work establishes general principles of RNA folding upon synthesis through direct experimental detection of co-transcriptional base pairing inside cells. I show through systematic multiplexed experiments that such base pairing can be a potent regulator of pre-mRNA splicing, modulating protein expression levels across orders of magnitude just through varied structure stability. Given the scale of regulation, I hypothesize that intron sequence forming structures with and near splice sites is generally under evolutionary selection and expect such structures as regulatory principles to be widespread in natural genomes.
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
일반주제명  
Biophysics
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
Gene expression
키워드  
RNA splicing
키워드  
RNA structure
키워드  
Transcription
키워드  
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
기타저자  
Yale University Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aScharfen,  Leonard.
■24510▼aRegulation  of  Pre-mRNA  Processing  Through  Nascent  RNA  Folding
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bYale  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a122  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Neugebauer,  Karla  M.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Yale  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aRNA  sequence  determines  the  formation  of  intramolecular  base  pairs.  Together  with  tertiary  contacts,  base  pairs  define  every  RNA's  structure,  or  fold.  The  catalytic,  regulatory,  or  coding  potential  of  an  RNA  strongly  depends  on  its  folding  pattern.  Because  base  pairing  occurs  much  faster  than  RNA  synthesis  (transcription)  in  cells,  early  structural  states  can  govern  RNA  processing  events  and  dictate  the  formation  of  functional  conformations.  These  co-transcriptional  structural  states  remained  largely  unknown.  To  address  this  gap,  I  developed  CoSTseq,  a  chemical  probing  and  enrichment  method  to  measure  nascent  RNA  base  pairing  upon  exit  from  RNA  polymerases  (Pols)  transcriptome-wide  in  living  Saccharomyces  cerevisiae  (yeast)  cells.  By  monitoring  each  nucleotide's  base  pairing  activity  during  transcription,  CoSTseq  reveals  predominantly  rapid  pairing  -  within  25  bp  of  transcription  after  addition  to  the  nascent  chain.  My  data  show  that  previously  uncharacterized  pre-rRNA  base  pairing  patterns  emerge  during  transcription,  representing  radically  different  local  intermediates  to  mature  rRNA  structure  and  function.  I  find  that  helicases  can  act  on  rRNA  directly  after  synthesis  across  the  entire  locus,  facilitating  extensive  remodeling  of  transient  structures.  In  contrast,  nascent  pre-mRNAs  fold  into  local  structures  that  are  indistinguishable  from  mature  mRNAs,  suggesting  that  co-transcriptional  base  pairing  resembles  mRNA  re-folding  during  translation.Pre-mRNA  splicing  relies  on  the  recognition  of  sequence  elements  (5'  splice  site,  branch  site,  3'  splice  site)  by  protein  and  RNA  components  of  the  spliceosome,  and  occurs  co-transcriptionally  in  yeast.  Since  I  showed  using  CoSTseq  that  RNA  base  pairing  also  occurs  rapidly,  I  hypothesized  that  structures  involving  the  splice  sites  are  potent  modulators  of  splicing.  I  developed  a  massively  parallel  reporter  assay  that  allows  accurate  quantification  of  splicing  efficiencies  modulated  by  RNA  structure  across  tens  of  thousands  of  intron  variants  in  yeast.  I  find  that  sequestering  the  5'SS  or  branch  site  in  base  pairing  interactions  modulates  splicing  within  an  unexpectedly  large  dynamic  range,  which  can  be  nearly  fully  explained  by  structure  stability.  In  addition  to  known  intronic  recognition  sites,  I  find  new  structural  elements  that  are  required  for  efficient  splicing.  Simple  machine  learning  models  are  able  to  learn  the  relationship  between  structure  and  splicing,  and  using  a  genetic  algorithm,  can  be  employed  to  create  designer  introns  that  are  spliced  with  any  desired  efficiency.In  summary,  this  work  establishes  general  principles  of  RNA  folding  upon  synthesis  through  direct  experimental  detection  of  co-transcriptional  base  pairing  inside  cells.  I  show  through  systematic  multiplexed  experiments  that  such  base  pairing  can  be  a  potent  regulator  of  pre-mRNA  splicing,  modulating  protein  expression  levels  across  orders  of  magnitude  just  through  varied  structure  stability.  Given  the  scale  of  regulation,  I  hypothesize  that  intron  sequence  forming  structures  with  and  near  splice  sites  is  generally  under  evolutionary  selection  and  expect  such  structures  as  regulatory  principles  to  be  widespread  in  natural  genomes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0265.
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■650  4▼aBiophysics
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aGene  expression
■653    ▼aRNA  splicing
■653    ▼aRNA  structure
■653    ▼aTranscription
■653    ▼aSaccharomyces  cerevisiae
■690    ▼a0487
■690    ▼a0786
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aYale  University▼bMolecular  Biophysics  and  Biochemistry.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■790    ▼a0265
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356791▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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