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Essays on American Election Law
Essays on American Election Law
Essays on American Election Law

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103136
ISBN  
9798311951692
DDC  
342.73
저자명  
Krass, Mark Simon.
서명/저자  
Essays on American Election Law
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
143 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Rodden, Jonathan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation studies two definitional aspects of American electoral institutions: their subjection to control by state and local governments, and their supervision by the courts. The three chapters, which are written in the form of papers, address three distinct arenas in which these features arise and interact.The first chapter addresses the history and meaning of the Federal constitution's Elections Clause, which assigns primary responsibility for determining the "Times, Places, and Manner" of elections to the House of Representatives to the "Legislatures" of each state. Gerrymandered state legislatures tend to favor Republican candidates. Because of the limited legislative capacity that results from state constitutional quirks like short legislative sessions, state legislatures must delegate some of their power to governors or other members of the state executive branch. Those executive officials, in turn, often occupy ideal points to the left of the median legislator, since their larger constituencies cannot be gerrymandered the way legislatures can. The result of these facts is that state executives often have incentives to use their delegated power in a manner that is perceived as favoring Democrats and hurting Republicans.To prevent executives and state courts from adopting what they perceive as unfaithful interpretations of state law, Federal courts have made dramatic incursions into what is normally an area of exclusive state jurisdiction, namely the interpretation of state election law. As part of that push, Federal courts have suggested that states' decisions to delegate emergency powers to state executives, or even interpretive power to state courts, could violate the requirement of the Elections Clause that only the "Legislature" of each state set its election rules. The notion that the states cannot allocate their legislative power as they see fit is a marked contrast to the usual idea that, "[t]hrough the structure of its government, and the character of those who exercise government authority, a State defines itself as a sovereign.Are the recent incursions on states' control over their allocation of legislative power consistent with early practice? I investigate the history of delegations by legislatures to state executives in the earliest years of the American Republic. I find that legislatures have long used delegation to achieve partisan goals associated with electoral institutions, like increasing turnout by expanding the number of polling sites, a policy that required giving Executive officials control over polling locations due to the limits of legislative capacity. I find that such delegations were never deemed to be constitutionally problematic, either in numerous challenges to those officials' decisions in Congress, or in court cases (although adjudications of electoral disputes were vanishingly rare in this period). This historical evidence casts doubt on certain Federal judges' suggestions that the Federal constitution constrains states from allocating lawmaking power across their governments as they see fit, and specifically suggests that judges are poorly positioned to lead the charge on constraining state power. It also suggests, as a matter of historical development, just how deeply rooted America's tradition of highly localized election administration is.The second chapter turns to another element of states' control over elections, namely their control over voter list maintenance.
일반주제명  
Election law
일반주제명  
Legislatures
일반주제명  
Referendums
일반주제명  
Law
일반주제명  
Political science
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798311951692
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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a342.73
■1001  ▼aKrass,  Mark  Simon.
■24510▼aEssays  on  American  Election  Law
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a143  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Rodden,  Jonathan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  studies  two  definitional  aspects  of  American  electoral  institutions:  their  subjection  to  control  by  state  and  local  governments,  and  their  supervision  by  the  courts.  The  three  chapters,  which  are  written  in  the  form  of  papers,  address  three  distinct  arenas  in  which  these  features  arise  and  interact.The  first  chapter  addresses  the  history  and  meaning  of  the  Federal  constitution's  Elections  Clause,  which  assigns  primary  responsibility  for  determining  the  "Times,  Places,  and  Manner"  of  elections  to  the  House  of  Representatives  to  the  "Legislatures"  of  each  state.  Gerrymandered  state  legislatures  tend  to  favor  Republican  candidates.  Because  of  the  limited  legislative  capacity  that  results  from  state  constitutional  quirks  like  short  legislative  sessions,  state  legislatures  must  delegate  some  of  their  power  to  governors  or  other  members  of  the  state  executive  branch.  Those  executive  officials,  in  turn,  often  occupy  ideal  points  to  the  left  of  the  median  legislator,  since  their  larger  constituencies  cannot  be  gerrymandered  the  way  legislatures  can.  The  result  of  these  facts  is  that  state  executives  often  have  incentives  to  use  their  delegated  power  in  a  manner  that  is  perceived  as  favoring  Democrats  and  hurting  Republicans.To  prevent  executives  and  state  courts  from  adopting  what  they  perceive  as  unfaithful  interpretations  of  state  law,  Federal  courts  have  made  dramatic  incursions  into  what  is  normally  an  area  of  exclusive  state  jurisdiction,  namely  the  interpretation  of  state  election  law.  As  part  of  that  push,  Federal  courts  have  suggested  that  states'  decisions  to  delegate  emergency  powers  to  state  executives,  or  even  interpretive  power  to  state  courts,  could  violate  the  requirement  of  the  Elections  Clause  that  only  the  "Legislature"  of  each  state  set  its  election  rules.  The  notion  that  the  states  cannot  allocate  their  legislative  power  as  they  see  fit  is  a  marked  contrast  to  the  usual  idea  that,  "[t]hrough  the  structure  of  its  government,  and  the  character  of  those  who  exercise  government  authority,  a  State  defines  itself  as  a  sovereign.Are  the  recent  incursions  on  states'  control  over  their  allocation  of  legislative  power  consistent  with  early  practice?  I  investigate  the  history  of  delegations  by  legislatures  to  state  executives  in  the  earliest  years  of  the  American  Republic.  I  find  that  legislatures  have  long  used  delegation  to  achieve  partisan  goals  associated  with  electoral  institutions,  like  increasing  turnout  by  expanding  the  number  of  polling  sites,  a  policy  that  required  giving  Executive  officials  control  over  polling  locations  due  to  the  limits  of  legislative  capacity.  I  find  that  such  delegations  were  never  deemed  to  be  constitutionally  problematic,  either  in  numerous  challenges  to  those  officials'  decisions  in  Congress,  or  in  court  cases  (although  adjudications  of  electoral  disputes  were  vanishingly  rare  in  this  period).  This  historical  evidence  casts  doubt  on  certain  Federal  judges'  suggestions  that  the  Federal  constitution  constrains  states  from  allocating  lawmaking  power  across  their  governments  as  they  see  fit,  and  specifically  suggests  that  judges  are  poorly  positioned  to  lead  the  charge  on  constraining  state  power.  It  also  suggests,  as  a  matter  of  historical  development,  just  how  deeply  rooted  America's  tradition  of  highly  localized  election  administration  is.The  second  chapter  turns  to  another  element  of  states'  control  over  elections,  namely  their  control  over  voter  list  maintenance.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aElection  law
■650  4▼aLegislatures
■650  4▼aReferendums
■650  4▼aLaw
■650  4▼aPolitical  science
■690    ▼a0398
■690    ▼a0615
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357132▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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