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A New Ruling Class and Its Empires: The Case of Nineteenth-Century Egypt
A New Ruling Class and Its Empires: The Case of Nineteenth-Century Egypt
A New Ruling Class and Its Empires: The Case of Nineteenth-Century Egypt

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105133
ISBN  
9798293807109
DDC  
956
저자명  
Mansour, Nadeem.
서명/저자  
A New Ruling Class and Its Empires: The Case of Nineteenth-Century Egypt
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
374 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Mitchell, Timothy;Kaviraj, Sudipta.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Egypt in the nineteenth century saw a rapid shift towards state modernization, the formation of a modern army, some degree of transition to capitalism, and a new ruling class. The state and its new ruling class consistently sought autonomy but not independence from the Ottoman Empire while being invested in their own colonial venture, controlling a sizeable territory in Central and East Africa. Yet, in 1882, parts of the same ruling class called for British military intervention in Egypt. Under British occupation, Egypt remained an Ottoman province for decades and retained some of its imperial interests in Sudan. This dissertation offers a new holistic account of why Egypt was concurrently a province in the Ottoman Empire, a colonial force expanding its territories in Sudan, and, in 1882, occupied by the British. By focusing on Egypt's economic elites, it shows how their internal conflicts and developing relationships with the state are vital in understanding Egypt's peculiar position in relation to the Ottoman and British Empire as well as the occupation of Sudan. This is part of a broader argument that power structures in the periphery are integral to understanding imperialism. This story does not easily fit our conventional understandings of empires, modernization, and nation-state formation. Historians have written extensively on different sides of this story, yet a convincing account of how these overlapping and, seemingly contradictory manifestations of imperialism exist simultaneously is missing.Based on extensive archival research using Arabic, Ottoman, English, and French sources, the dissertation explores the emergence and significance of this new class. The rise of this class of large landholders and financiers is often understood as an outcome of the failure of Mehmed Ali's state centralization and market control efforts in the first half of the century. The dissertation shows that it was the same centralization and market control that drove the rapid process of land expropriation and consolidation, creating a new class of large landholders by the mid-century. This class, in turn, contributed to dismantling the very system that created it. The interests of the landed elite are thus central to understanding the economic and social transitions of the mid-nineteenth century. It follows these elites, arguing that conflicts of interest within these groups and the state's attempts to manage them contributed to the shaping and development of Egyptian state institutions. The dissertation shows how networks of economic interests, together with the balance of power between different groups of elites, depended on Egypt continuing to be a province of the Ottoman Empire. The dissertation then argues that Egyptian territorial expansions in Sudan were driven by interests in expanding cotton plantations and exerting more control over trade in the region. Finally, I argue that the key to understanding the British occupation in Egypt lies in the decision among parts of the Egyptian ruling class to call for British military intervention. This decision was taken in reaction to a middle-class revolution that coincided with a deep crisis within the ruling class.My dissertation is part of a broader research agenda that focuses on local class actors and revisits the political economies of late development and imperialism. The project engages extensively with existing debates on imperialism, particularly with regard to the British Empire. The British occupation of Egypt in 1882 has long played a central part in the historiography of the British Empire and the development of theories of imperialism. Expanding our explanatory scope to the multiple forms of imperialism in the case of Egypt in the second half of the nineteenth century provides a unique potential to test the limits of our understanding of these questions.
일반주제명  
Middle Eastern history
일반주제명  
History
일반주제명  
African history
일반주제명  
Modern history
일반주제명  
European history
키워드  
Class-formation
키워드  
Corporations in the Middle East
키워드  
Ottoman Empire
키워드  
Nineteenth-century Egypt
키워드  
State-society
키워드  
Sudan
기타저자  
Columbia University Middle East South Asian and African Studies
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aMansour,  Nadeem.
■24512▼aA  New  Ruling  Class  and  Its  Empires:  The  Case  of  Nineteenth-Century  Egypt
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Mitchell,  Timothy;Kaviraj,  Sudipta.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aEgypt  in  the  nineteenth  century  saw  a  rapid  shift  towards  state  modernization,  the  formation  of  a  modern  army,  some  degree  of  transition  to  capitalism,  and  a  new  ruling  class.  The  state  and  its  new  ruling  class  consistently  sought  autonomy  but  not  independence  from  the  Ottoman  Empire  while  being  invested  in  their  own  colonial  venture,  controlling  a  sizeable  territory  in  Central  and  East  Africa.  Yet,  in  1882,  parts  of  the  same  ruling  class  called  for  British  military  intervention  in  Egypt.  Under  British  occupation,  Egypt  remained  an  Ottoman  province  for  decades  and  retained  some  of  its  imperial  interests  in  Sudan.  This  dissertation  offers  a  new  holistic  account  of  why  Egypt  was  concurrently  a  province  in  the  Ottoman  Empire,  a  colonial  force  expanding  its  territories  in  Sudan,  and,  in  1882,  occupied  by  the  British.  By  focusing  on  Egypt's  economic  elites,  it  shows  how  their  internal  conflicts  and  developing  relationships  with  the  state  are  vital  in  understanding  Egypt's  peculiar  position  in  relation  to  the  Ottoman  and  British  Empire  as  well  as  the  occupation  of  Sudan.  This  is  part  of  a  broader  argument  that  power  structures  in  the  periphery  are  integral  to  understanding  imperialism.  This  story  does  not  easily  fit  our  conventional  understandings  of  empires,  modernization,  and  nation-state  formation.  Historians  have  written  extensively  on  different  sides  of  this  story,  yet  a  convincing  account  of  how  these  overlapping  and,  seemingly  contradictory  manifestations  of  imperialism  exist  simultaneously  is  missing.Based  on  extensive  archival  research  using  Arabic,  Ottoman,  English,  and  French  sources,  the  dissertation  explores  the  emergence  and  significance  of  this  new  class.  The  rise  of  this  class  of  large  landholders  and  financiers  is  often  understood  as  an  outcome  of  the  failure  of  Mehmed  Ali's  state  centralization  and  market  control  efforts  in  the  first  half  of  the  century.  The  dissertation  shows  that  it  was  the  same  centralization  and  market  control  that  drove  the  rapid  process  of  land  expropriation  and  consolidation,  creating  a  new  class  of  large  landholders  by  the  mid-century.  This  class,  in  turn,  contributed  to  dismantling  the  very  system  that  created  it.  The  interests  of  the  landed  elite  are  thus  central  to  understanding  the  economic  and  social  transitions  of  the  mid-nineteenth  century.  It  follows  these  elites,  arguing  that  conflicts  of  interest  within  these  groups  and  the  state's  attempts  to  manage  them  contributed  to  the  shaping  and  development  of  Egyptian  state  institutions.  The  dissertation  shows  how  networks  of  economic  interests,  together  with  the  balance  of  power  between  different  groups  of  elites,  depended  on  Egypt  continuing  to  be  a  province  of  the  Ottoman  Empire.  The  dissertation  then  argues  that  Egyptian  territorial  expansions  in  Sudan  were  driven  by  interests  in  expanding  cotton  plantations  and  exerting  more  control  over  trade  in  the  region.  Finally,  I  argue  that  the  key  to  understanding  the  British  occupation  in  Egypt  lies  in  the  decision  among  parts  of  the  Egyptian  ruling  class  to  call  for  British  military  intervention.  This  decision  was  taken  in  reaction  to  a  middle-class  revolution  that  coincided  with  a  deep  crisis  within  the  ruling  class.My  dissertation  is  part  of  a  broader  research  agenda  that  focuses  on  local  class  actors  and  revisits  the  political  economies  of  late  development  and  imperialism.  The  project  engages  extensively  with  existing  debates  on  imperialism,  particularly  with  regard  to  the  British  Empire.  The  British  occupation  of  Egypt  in  1882  has  long  played  a  central  part  in  the  historiography  of  the  British  Empire  and  the  development  of  theories  of  imperialism.  Expanding  our  explanatory  scope  to  the  multiple  forms  of  imperialism  in  the  case  of  Egypt  in  the  second  half  of  the  nineteenth  century  provides  a  unique  potential  to  test  the  limits  of  our  understanding  of  these  questions.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aMiddle  Eastern  history
■650  4▼aHistory
■650  4▼aAfrican  history
■650  4▼aModern  history
■650  4▼aEuropean  history
■653    ▼aClass-formation
■653    ▼aCorporations  in  the  Middle  East
■653    ▼aOttoman  Empire
■653    ▼aNineteenth-century  Egypt
■653    ▼aState-society
■653    ▼aSudan
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■690    ▼a0331
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■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bMiddle  East,  South  Asian  and  African  Studies.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03A.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359534▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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