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Understanding Atmospheric Aerosol Dynamics and Condensed-Phase Chemistry via Laboratory-Based Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS)
Understanding Atmospheric Aerosol Dynamics and Condensed-Phase Chemistry via Laboratory-Based Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS)
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105134
- ISBN
- 9798297647749
- DDC
- 551.5
- 서명/저자
- Understanding Atmospheric Aerosol Dynamics and Condensed-Phase Chemistry via Laboratory-Based Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS)
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Davis, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 226 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Zhang, Qi.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Organic aerosols, and atmospheric condensed phases more broadly, are important components of the troposphere. Despite a large amount of effort over the past few decades to better understand the dynamic chemistry of ambient aerosols, our knowledge of the characterization and fate atmospheric condensed-phase species remains limited. A critically understudied aspect of this chemistry is the chemical processes occurring in aqueous particles and aerosol liquid water (ALW). A more thorough characterization of the chemical composition and processes of these atmospheric condensed phases is necessary to improve the accuracy of models of aerosol impacts on climate change and human health. This dissertation focuses on developing novel methodologies for the study of atmospheric condensed phases and applying these techniques to understand the aqueous-phase chemistry of phenols and furans (both important biomass burning (BB) emission species) under more ALW-like conditions and to examine vertical distributions in ambient aerosol chemistry.Chapter 2 presents a unique application of lab-based, analytical aerosol chemistry techniques to evaluate the ability of purported "aerosol barriers" to retain aerosols in a hospital setting. Shortly after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was interest in the use of various types of barrier devices to protect hospital staff from potentially infectious respiratory aerosols during aerosol generating procedures (e.g. intubation). However, very little data existed on the ability of these types of devices to retain aerosols and therefore protect the user. A novel methodology involving simultaneous, real-time analysis of modeled, exhaled particles using an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and condensation particle counter (CPC) was developed to evaluate the aerosol retention characteristics of barrier devices. Aerosol retention was largely dependent on the degree of enclosure of the barrier device. A barrier device that fully encloses a patient can effectively retain respiratory aerosols, while aerosols could be detected leaking from any available opening. Additionally, aerosol evacuation can be performed to reduce the internal aerosol count to near-background levels.Chapter 3 details the development of a micronebulization aerosol mass spectrometry (MN-AMS) technique for analysis of low volume, low dissolved mass extracts of particulate matter (PM) collected on filters. Limitations on standard filter extraction and aerosol generation techniques require long filter collection times and prohibit the use of advanced PM collection strategies like uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). The MN-AMS technique can generate aerosols suitable for AMS analysis from microliter volumes of liquid filter extracts containing nanograms of dissolved PM, a significant improvement over standard aerosol generation techniques. This technique was evaluated against standard aerosol generation techniques with the AMS and ion chromatography and was able to accurately reproduce expected aerosol chemical compositions across a range of solution volumes. Then, samples collected on the ground and aboard a UAS at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) atmospheric observatory Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility were analyzed using MN-AMS. This technique accurately reproduced the expected aerosol chemical compositions and mass concentrations ascertained by on-the-ground measurements performed by an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM). Chapter 4 further demonstrates the MN-AMS technique by examining the detailed chemistry of a set of filter samples collected using the ARM UAS named the ArcticShark during a set of flight campaigns performed in March, June, and August of 2023. On-board measurements of ambient RH, temperature, wind speed and direction, and cloud droplet concentrations were combined with ground-based measurements of cloud-base heights and planetary boundary layer heights (PLBH) to better understand aerosol chemistry at SGP both at ground level and aloft. Chemistry measured at altitude was compared to a ground-level ACSM. The two measurements were most similar when the PBLH was high and the ArcticShark was sampling well below it. When the ArcticShark had significant sampling time above the PBL, measurements of PM chemistry diverged from those measured on the ground. Additionally, seasonal insights into PM chemistry at SGP, including seasonal variations in organic nitrogen species, were discussed. Both the speciation and average oxidation state of organic nitrogen species changes from March and June to August. Last, positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to the UAS samples on a monthly basis. In each month, factors similar to oxidized organic aerosols (OOA) were found. In March and June, a factor was found that correlated to specific samples that were largely from above the PBL and resembled highly oxidized (relative to the rest of the monthly samples) OA that was chemically distinct from PM measured during the other sampling days in March and June.In Chapter 5, a novel photoreaction system named the small pathlength photoreactor (SPP) is described. The SPP was designed to study condensed-phase photochemistry at conditions similar to those found in ALW. General characterization of the SPP was performed, including RH and temperature control within the reaction chamber and comparison of model reactions of phenol and furan photochemistry performed in more established photoreaction systems. Photochemistry under ALW conditions was exemplified by examining guaiacyl acetone (GA), a model BB phenol, and 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMB), a model triplet carbon photosensitizer, photochemistry under high organic concentrations and high salt concentrations. High concentrations of light absorbing organics can cause issues with light screening under typical photochemical setups where pathlengths are on the order of 1 cm. GA decay rates are notably increased as DMB concentrations increase, even despite light screening caused by increased GA concentrations, and high salt concentrations cause a slight decrease in GA decay rates. Similarly, the rate of GA oligomerization is increased under high organic concentrations and decreased under high salt conditions. Secondary organic aerosol yields are generally decreased under ALW conditions.In Chapter 6, the SPP is further utilized to examine furan-singlet oxygen (1O2) under high ionic strength conditions. Like phenols, furans can be significant components of BB emissions. Singlet oxygen chemistry has been explored in environmental waters, and under low salt concentration (2 M) conditions, but almost no data exists on 1O2 chemistry under ALW conditions where ionic strengths can reach as high as 20 M, at least an order of magnitude higher than what has been studied prior. For reactions of FFA and 1O2 (generated from rose Bengal (RB), a common 1O2 photosensitizer), a moderate correlation between photosensitizer absorption area and FFA decay rate was found. This suggests that ionic strength is modifying the 1O2 steady-state concentration of the system, as opposed to second order rate constants between furans and 1O2. The effects of ionic strength on the furan-1O2 were also explored more broadly by examining the decay rates of a set of furans using different 1O2 photosensitizers and salts. Similar to what has been shown in the literature under low ionic strength conditions, ionic strength effects on 1O2 photochemistry are highly dependent on salt concentration, salt identity, 1O2 photosensitizer identity, and to a lesser extent the identity of the furan. Singlet oxygen photosensitizer identity seems to be the largest contributor, where different photosensitizers exist in different regimes of salt effects on furan-1O2 chemistry.
- 일반주제명
- Atmospheric chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Analytical chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Physical chemistry
- 키워드
- Organic aerosols
- 기타저자
- University of California, Davis Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798297647749
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a551.5
■1001 ▼aNiedek, Christopher.
■24510▼aUnderstanding Atmospheric Aerosol Dynamics and Condensed-Phase Chemistry via Laboratory-Based Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS)
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Davis▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a226 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Zhang, Qi.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2025.
■520 ▼aOrganic aerosols, and atmospheric condensed phases more broadly, are important components of the troposphere. Despite a large amount of effort over the past few decades to better understand the dynamic chemistry of ambient aerosols, our knowledge of the characterization and fate atmospheric condensed-phase species remains limited. A critically understudied aspect of this chemistry is the chemical processes occurring in aqueous particles and aerosol liquid water (ALW). A more thorough characterization of the chemical composition and processes of these atmospheric condensed phases is necessary to improve the accuracy of models of aerosol impacts on climate change and human health. This dissertation focuses on developing novel methodologies for the study of atmospheric condensed phases and applying these techniques to understand the aqueous-phase chemistry of phenols and furans (both important biomass burning (BB) emission species) under more ALW-like conditions and to examine vertical distributions in ambient aerosol chemistry.Chapter 2 presents a unique application of lab-based, analytical aerosol chemistry techniques to evaluate the ability of purported "aerosol barriers" to retain aerosols in a hospital setting. Shortly after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was interest in the use of various types of barrier devices to protect hospital staff from potentially infectious respiratory aerosols during aerosol generating procedures (e.g. intubation). However, very little data existed on the ability of these types of devices to retain aerosols and therefore protect the user. A novel methodology involving simultaneous, real-time analysis of modeled, exhaled particles using an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and condensation particle counter (CPC) was developed to evaluate the aerosol retention characteristics of barrier devices. Aerosol retention was largely dependent on the degree of enclosure of the barrier device. A barrier device that fully encloses a patient can effectively retain respiratory aerosols, while aerosols could be detected leaking from any available opening. Additionally, aerosol evacuation can be performed to reduce the internal aerosol count to near-background levels.Chapter 3 details the development of a micronebulization aerosol mass spectrometry (MN-AMS) technique for analysis of low volume, low dissolved mass extracts of particulate matter (PM) collected on filters. Limitations on standard filter extraction and aerosol generation techniques require long filter collection times and prohibit the use of advanced PM collection strategies like uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). The MN-AMS technique can generate aerosols suitable for AMS analysis from microliter volumes of liquid filter extracts containing nanograms of dissolved PM, a significant improvement over standard aerosol generation techniques. This technique was evaluated against standard aerosol generation techniques with the AMS and ion chromatography and was able to accurately reproduce expected aerosol chemical compositions across a range of solution volumes. Then, samples collected on the ground and aboard a UAS at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) atmospheric observatory Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility were analyzed using MN-AMS. This technique accurately reproduced the expected aerosol chemical compositions and mass concentrations ascertained by on-the-ground measurements performed by an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM). Chapter 4 further demonstrates the MN-AMS technique by examining the detailed chemistry of a set of filter samples collected using the ARM UAS named the ArcticShark during a set of flight campaigns performed in March, June, and August of 2023. On-board measurements of ambient RH, temperature, wind speed and direction, and cloud droplet concentrations were combined with ground-based measurements of cloud-base heights and planetary boundary layer heights (PLBH) to better understand aerosol chemistry at SGP both at ground level and aloft. Chemistry measured at altitude was compared to a ground-level ACSM. The two measurements were most similar when the PBLH was high and the ArcticShark was sampling well below it. When the ArcticShark had significant sampling time above the PBL, measurements of PM chemistry diverged from those measured on the ground. Additionally, seasonal insights into PM chemistry at SGP, including seasonal variations in organic nitrogen species, were discussed. Both the speciation and average oxidation state of organic nitrogen species changes from March and June to August. Last, positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to the UAS samples on a monthly basis. In each month, factors similar to oxidized organic aerosols (OOA) were found. In March and June, a factor was found that correlated to specific samples that were largely from above the PBL and resembled highly oxidized (relative to the rest of the monthly samples) OA that was chemically distinct from PM measured during the other sampling days in March and June.In Chapter 5, a novel photoreaction system named the small pathlength photoreactor (SPP) is described. The SPP was designed to study condensed-phase photochemistry at conditions similar to those found in ALW. General characterization of the SPP was performed, including RH and temperature control within the reaction chamber and comparison of model reactions of phenol and furan photochemistry performed in more established photoreaction systems. Photochemistry under ALW conditions was exemplified by examining guaiacyl acetone (GA), a model BB phenol, and 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMB), a model triplet carbon photosensitizer, photochemistry under high organic concentrations and high salt concentrations. High concentrations of light absorbing organics can cause issues with light screening under typical photochemical setups where pathlengths are on the order of 1 cm. GA decay rates are notably increased as DMB concentrations increase, even despite light screening caused by increased GA concentrations, and high salt concentrations cause a slight decrease in GA decay rates. Similarly, the rate of GA oligomerization is increased under high organic concentrations and decreased under high salt conditions. Secondary organic aerosol yields are generally decreased under ALW conditions.In Chapter 6, the SPP is further utilized to examine furan-singlet oxygen (1O2) under high ionic strength conditions. Like phenols, furans can be significant components of BB emissions. Singlet oxygen chemistry has been explored in environmental waters, and under low salt concentration (2 M) conditions, but almost no data exists on 1O2 chemistry under ALW conditions where ionic strengths can reach as high as 20 M, at least an order of magnitude higher than what has been studied prior. For reactions of FFA and 1O2 (generated from rose Bengal (RB), a common 1O2 photosensitizer), a moderate correlation between photosensitizer absorption area and FFA decay rate was found. This suggests that ionic strength is modifying the 1O2 steady-state concentration of the system, as opposed to second order rate constants between furans and 1O2. The effects of ionic strength on the furan-1O2 were also explored more broadly by examining the decay rates of a set of furans using different 1O2 photosensitizers and salts. Similar to what has been shown in the literature under low ionic strength conditions, ionic strength effects on 1O2 photochemistry are highly dependent on salt concentration, salt identity, 1O2 photosensitizer identity, and to a lesser extent the identity of the furan. Singlet oxygen photosensitizer identity seems to be the largest contributor, where different photosensitizers exist in different regimes of salt effects on furan-1O2 chemistry.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0029.
■650 4▼aAtmospheric chemistry
■650 4▼aAnalytical chemistry
■650 4▼aPhysical chemistry
■653 ▼aPositive matrix factorization
■653 ▼aOxidized organic aerosols
■653 ▼aAerosol mass spectrometer
■653 ▼aOrganic aerosols
■653 ▼aUncrewed aerial systems
■690 ▼a0371
■690 ▼a0486
■690 ▼a0494
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Davis▼bAgricultural and Environmental Chemistry.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-04B.
■790 ▼a0029
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359540▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
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